Abstract: A lens driver or lens driver circuitry for an ophthalmic apparatus comprising an electronic system which actuates a variable-focus optic is disclosed herein. The lens driver is part of an electronic system incorporated into the ophthalmic apparatus. The electronic system includes one or more batteries or other power sources, power management circuitry, one or more sensors, clock generation circuitry, control algorithms and circuitry, and lens driver circuitry. The lens driver circuitry includes one or more power sources, one or more high voltage generators and one or more switching circuits. Specifically, the lens driver comprises an H-bridge/H-bridge controller for providing the proper voltage, including polarity, to drive the electronic included in the ophthalmic apparatus.

Abstract: A lens driver or lens driver circuitry for an ophthalmic apparatus comprising an electronic system which actuates a variable-focus optic is disclosed herein. The lens driver is part of an electronic system incorporated into the ophthalmic apparatus. The electronic system includes one or more batteries or other power sources, power management circuitry, one or more sensors, clock generation circuitry, control algorithms and circuitry, and lens driver circuitry. The lens driver circuitry includes one or more power sources, one or more high voltage generators and one or more switching circuits. Specifically, the lens driver comprises an H-bridge/H-bridge controller for providing the proper voltage, including polarity, to drive the electronic included in the ophthalmic apparatus.

Abstract: A lens driver or lens driver circuitry for an ophthalmic apparatus comprising an electronic system which actuates a variable-focus optic is disclosed herein. The lens driver is part of an electronic system incorporated into the ophthalmic apparatus. The electronic system includes one or more batteries or other power sources, power management circuitry, one or more sensors, clock generation circuitry, control algorithms and circuitry, and lens driver circuitry. The lens driver circuitry includes one or more power sources, one or more high voltage generators and one or more switching circuits. Specifically, the lens driver comprises an H-bridge/H-bridge controller for providing the proper voltage, including polarity, to drive the electronic included in the ophthalmic apparatus.

Abstract: A lens driver or lens driver circuitry for an ophthalmic apparatus comprising an electronic system which actuates a variable-focus optic is disclosed herein. The lens driver is part of an electronic system incorporated into the ophthalmic apparatus. The electronic system includes one or more batteries or other power sources, power management circuitry, one or more sensors, clock generation circuitry, control algorithms and circuitry, and lens driver circuitry. The lens driver circuitry includes one or more power sources, one or more high voltage generators and one or more switching circuits. Specifically, the lens driver comprises an H-bridge/H-bridge controller for providing the proper voltage, including polarity, to drive the electronic included in the ophthalmic apparatus.

Abstract: A mulch collecting and distributing assembly includes a housing having a rear wall and a perimeter wall extending forward of the rear wall. The perimeter wall has a forward edge defining an access opening. The perimeter wall includes an upper wall and a lower wall. A plurality of teeth is attached to the lower wall and extends forward from the forward edge. Each of the teeth is arced upwardly from the lower wall. An upper handle is attached to the upper wall adjacent to the forward edge. A rear handle is attached to the rear wall adjacent to the upper wall. The rear wall has a support formed therein adjacent to the lower wall and extending outwardly away from the rear wall. The teeth and the forward edge are extendable into mulch to fill the interior with mulch.

Abstract: An electrostatic discharge (ESD) device and method is provided. The ESD device can comprise a substrate doped to a first conductivity type, an epitaxial region doped to the second conductivity type, and a first well doped to the first conductivity type disposed in the substrate. The first well can comprise a first region doped to the first conductivity type, a second region doped to a second conductivity type, and a first isolation region disposed between the first region and the second region. The ESD device can also comprise a second well doped to a second conductivity type disposed in the substrate adjacent to the first well, where the second well can comprise a third region doped to the first conductivity type, a fourth region doped to the second conductivity type, and a second isolation region disposed between the third region and the fourth region.

Abstract: A complementary SCR-based structure enables a tunable holding voltage for robust and versatile ESD protection. The structureare n-channel high-holding-voltage low-voltage -trigger silicon controller rectifier (N-HHLVTSCR) device and p-channel high-holding-voltage low-voltage -trigger silicon controller rectifier (P-HHLVTSCR) device. The regions of the N-HHLVTSCR and P-HHLVTSCR devices are formed during normal processing steps in a CMOS or BICMOS process. The spacing and dimensions of the doped regions of N-HHLVTSCR and P-HHLVTSCR devices are used to produce the desired characteristics. The tunable HHLVTSCRs makes possible the use of this protection circuit in a broad range of ESD applications including protecting integrated circuits where the I/O signal swing can be either within the range of the bias of the internal circuit or below/above the range of the bias of the internal circuit.

Abstract: Symmetrical/asymmetrical bidirectional S-shaped I-V characteristics with trigger voltages ranging from 10 V to over 40 V and relatively high holding current are obtained for advanced sub-micron silicided CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor)/BiCMOS (Bipolar CMOS) technologies by custom implementation of P1-N2-P2-N1//N1-P3-N3-P1 lateral structures with embedded ballast resistance 58, 58A, 56, 56A and periphery guard-ring isolation 88-86. The bidirectional protection devices render a high level of electrostatic discharge (ESD) immunity for advanced CMOS/BiCMOS processes with no latchup problems. Novel design-adapted multifinger 354/interdigitated 336 layout schemes of the ESD protection cells allow for scaling-up the ESD performance of the protection structure and custom integration, while the I-V characteristics 480 are adjustable to the operating conditions of the integrated circuit (IC).

Abstract: An optical system for projecting an image having x and y axes onto a image plane is provided. The system includes an SLM device spaced from the image plane, the SLM device having a plurality of pixels operable to project pixels of the image onto the image plane and positioned such that the individual pixels of the projected image are oriented at substantially 45 degrees relative to the x and y axes of the image. The system further includes an optic element disposed between the SLM device and the image plane and a linear displacement device operatively connected to and operable to selectively displace at least one of the SLM device and the optic element. A method for projecting an image onto a image plane is also provided.

Abstract: An optical system is provided for projecting an image having x and y axes onto print material. The system includes an SLM device spaced from the print material, the SLM device having a plurality of pixels operable to project pixels of the image onto the print material and positioned such that the individual pixels of the projected image are oriented at substantially 45 degrees relative to the x and y axes of the image. The system further includes a modulating device operable to create relative movement between the print material and the projected image to provide increased image resolution and dithering.

Abstract: An electrostatic discharge (ESD) device and method is provided. The ESD device can comprise a substrate doped to a first conductivity type, an epitaxial region doped to the second conductivity type, and a first well doped to the first conductivity type disposed in the substrate. The first well can comprise a first region doped to the first conductivity type, a second region doped to a second conductivity type, and a first isolation region disposed between the first region and the second region. The ESD device can also comprise a second well doped to a second conductivity type disposed in the substrate adjacent to the first well, where the second well can comprise a third region doped to the first conductivity type, a fourth region doped to the second conductivity type, and a second isolation region disposed between the third region and the fourth region.

Abstract: A complementary SCR-based structure enables a tunable holding voltage for robust and versatile ESD protection. The structure are n-channel high-holding-voltage low-voltage-trigger silicon controller rectifier (N-HHLVTSCR) device and p-channel high-holding-voltage low-voltage-trigger silicon controller rectifier (P-HHLVTSCR) device. The regions of the N-HHLVTSCR and P-HHLVTSCR devices are formed during normal processing steps in a CMOS or BICMOS process. The spacing and dimensions of the doped regions of N-HHLVTSCR and P-HHLVTSCR devices are used to produce the desired characteristics. The tunable HHLVTSCRs makes possible the use of this protection circuit in a broad range of ESD applications including protecting integrated circuits where the I/O signal swing can be either within the range of the bias of the internal circuit or below/above the range of the bias of the internal circuit.

Abstract: An active vibration damper, such as a piezoelectric element (310, 400, 604, 800), a magnetostrictive element (510, 902) or a magnetic shaped alloy, is placed at a connection point (102) between a vehicle suspension component and a vehicle body or frame. The vehicle suspension component, for example, a suspension control arm (100) or shock absorber, determines, in part, noise, vibration and harshness (NVH) characteristics of the vehicle. In addition the vehicle suspension component determines steering and handling of the vehicle. Desirable NVH and good steering and handling are at odds; that is, good steering and handling typically requires a compromise in NVH characteristics. By virtue of the selective placement of vibration dampers in accordance with the invention, good steering and handling are achieved without sacrificing NVH characteristics.

Abstract: An active vibration damper, such as a piezoelectric element (310, 400, 604, 800), a magnetostrictive element (510, 902) or a magnetic shaped alloy, is placed at a connection point (102) between a vehicle suspension component and a vehicle body or frame. The vehicle suspension component, for example, a suspension control arm (100) or shock absorber, determines, in part, noise, vibration and harshness (NVH) characteristics of the vehicle. In addition the vehicle suspension component determines steering and handling of the vehicle. Desirable NVH and good steering and handling are at odds; that is, good steering and handling typically requires a compromise in NVH characteristics. By virtue of the selective placement of vibration dampers in accordance with the invention, good steering and handling are achieved without sacrificing NVH characteristics.

Abstract: A gear cutter assembly incorporating a toothed flexible disk which acts as the cutting element, mounted between a cutter back and a disk retainer. The cutter back includes a convex, conical mounting face, and the disk retainer has a complementary mounting surface, so that the disk is clamped between these surface and deflected to create a negative rake angle. The disk is formed with teeth which protrude beyond the cutter back and retainer, and it has a constant cross-section throughout its width. When the cutting edges of the disk teeth become dull, the disk may be inverted and reused due to its untapered profile; after such reuse, the disk is discarded. The cutter disk is easily fabricated in groups, and enjoys economical, high performance operation.

Abstract: A gear cutter assembly incorporating a toothed flexible disk which acts as the cutting element, mounted between a cutter back and a disk retainer. The cutter back includes a convex, conical mounting face, and the disk retainer has a complementary mounting surface, so that the disk is clamped between these surface and deflected to create a negative rake angle. The disk is formed with teeth which protrude beyond the cutter back and retainer, and it has a constant cross-section throughout its width. When the cutting edges of the disk teeth become dull, the disk may be inverted and reused due to its untapered profile; after such reuse, the disk is discarded. The cutter disk is easily fabricated in groups, and enjoys economical, high performance operation.