Abstract: Disclosed herein are a video decoding method and apparatus and a video encoding method and apparatus. In video encoding and decoding, multiple partition blocks are generated by splitting a target block. A prediction mode is derived for at least a part of the multiple partition blocks, among the multiple partition blocks, and prediction is performed on the multiple partition blocks based on the derived prediction mode. When prediction is performed on the partition blocks, information related to the target block may be used, and information related to an additional partition block, which is predicted prior to the partition block, may be used.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for determining a relative position between arrays of a flexible array device. The flexible array device according to an embodiment includes a plurality of arrays arranged at a predetermined interval in a deformable substrate, and the method includes measuring the first capacitance between adjacent arrays, measuring the second capacitance between the adjacent arrays after deformation of the substrate, and determining a relative position between the adjacent arrays based on the first capacitance measurement value and the second capacitance measurement value. According to an embodiment, the relative position between the arrays may be determined by measuring the capacitance between the adjacent arrays of the plurality of arrays arranged in the deformable substrate and measuring a change in capacitance caused by the deformation (contraction, relaxation, bending) of the substrate.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) according to one aspect of the present invention may include forming, on a semiconductor substrate, a first region implanted with impurity ions at a first average concentration and a second region implanted with no impurity ions or implanted with the impurity ions at a second average concentration lower than the first average concentration, forming an insulating layer by oxidizing the semiconductor substrate wherein the insulating layer includes a first oxide layer having a first thickness on at least a part of the first region and a second oxide layer having a second thickness smaller than the first thickness on at least a part of the second region, and forming a membrane layer on the insulating layer such that a gap is defined between the second oxide layer and the membrane layer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a video decoding method and apparatus and a video encoding method and apparatus. In video encoding and decoding, multiple partition blocks are generated by splitting a target block. A prediction mode is derived for at least a part of the multiple partition blocks, among the multiple partition blocks, and prediction is performed on the multiple partition blocks based on the derived prediction mode. When prediction is performed on the partition blocks, information related to the target block may be used, and information related to an additional partition block, which is predicted prior to the partition block, may be used.

Abstract: This invention relates to a system for measuring water quality using a smartphone, and more particularly to a system for measuring water quality using a smartphone, in which, to solve problems of hand-operated and manual water quality measurement methods and in order to increase reliability and accuracy, a water quality meter and a smartphone, which mutually communicate with each other, are utilized, and also, the smartphone is provided with a memory unit, a calculation unit, a GPS unit, etc., thus enabling water quality to be measured in real time and water quality data to be stored and transferred to the outside, so that reliability and accuracy of the measured water quality data may be improved.

Abstract: This invention relates to a system for measuring water quality using a smartphone, and more particularly to a system for measuring water quality using a smartphone, in which, to solve problems of hand-operated and manual water quality measurement methods and in order to increase reliability and accuracy, a water quality meter and a smartphone, which mutually communicate with each other, are utilized, and also, the smartphone is provided with a memory unit, a calculation unit, a GPS unit, etc., thus enabling water quality to be measured in real time and water quality data to be stored and transferred to the outside, so that reliability and accuracy of the measured water quality data may be improved.

Abstract: The present invention relates to Astrocyte Modulated Genes (AMGs). AMGs are genes whose expression are modulated in human astrocytes grown in primary cell culture following the exposure of these cells to either the human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1 or to the HIV-1 protein gp120. AMGs comprise both Astrocyte Enhanced Genes (AEGs) and Astrocyte Suppressed Genes (ASGs). Thus, the present invention further relates to Astrocyte Enhanced Genes (AEGs), the expression of which are up-regulated in human astrocytes grown in primary cell culture that are exposed to either the human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1 or to the HIV-1 protein gp120, and to Astrocyte Suppressed Genes (ASGs), the expression of which are downregulated in human astrocytes grown in primary cell culture that are exposed to either the human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1 or to the HIV-1 protein gp120. Because they may play a role in HIV-associated dementia (“HAD”), AMGs may be used as markers in methods for screening for drugs that treat or prevent HAD.

Abstract: The present invention relates to Astrocyte Enhanced Genes (AEGs), the expression of which is upregulated in human astrocytes grown in primary cell cultures that are exposed to either the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) or to the HIV-1 glycoprotein gp120.

Abstract: The invention provides for an isolated nucleic acid encoding Mda-5 (melanoma differentiation associated gene-5) and an isolated Mda-5 polypeptide. The invention further provides a vector comprising the nucleic acid encoding Mda-5, as well as a host cell comprising the vector. The invention provides an antibody which specifically binds to an Mda-5 polypeptide. The invention further provides a method for determining whether a compound is an inducer of Mda-5 gene expression and assays to determine whether a compound modifies the enzymatic activity of the Mda-5 polypeptide.

Abstract: The invention provides for isolated nucleic acids encoding an Mda-5 polypeptide as shown in SEQ ID NO:1. The invention also provides for isolated nucleic acids comprising derivatives of the sequence of SEQ ID NO:1 that encode polypeptides functionally equivalent to Mda-5. The invention further provides for fragments of the isolated nucleic acid of SEQ ID NO:1 that encode polypeptides having Mda-5 biological activity. Vectors comprising these isolated nucleic acids and host cells comprising these vectors are also provided by the instant invention.

Abstract: The invention provides for an isolated nucleic acid encoding Mda-5 (melanoma differentiation associated gene-5) and an isolated Mda-5 polypeptide. The invention further provides a vector comprising the nucleic acid encoding Mda-5, as well as a host cell comprising the vector. The invention provides an antibody which specifically binds to an Mda-5 polypeptide. The invention further provides a method for determining whether a compound is an inducer of Mda-5 gene expression and assays to determine whether a compound modifies the enzymatic activity of the Mda-5 polypeptide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the old-35 gene, its encoded protein, and its promoter sequence.

Abstract: The present invention relates to mda-5 nucleic acids, MDA-5 proteins, the mda-5 promoter, and related molecules, and the use of each of these elements in protecting against or limiting viral infection, controlling cell proliferation, and promoting apoptosis. It is based upon the discovery that, contrary to earlier hypotheses based on the amino acid sequence of MDA-5, the protein is not a defective ATPase but rather exhibits ATPase activity. This supports the role of MDA-5 as a RNA helicase protein and consequently its use in promoting RNA degradation, for example in the context of antiviral defense, limitation of cell proliferation, or induction of apoptosis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to Astrocyte Modulated Genes (AMGs). AMGs are genes whose expression are modulated in human astrocytes grown in primary cell culture following the exposure of these cells to either the human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1 or to the HIV-1 protein gp120. AMGs comprise both Astrocyte Enhanced Genes (AEGs) and Astrocyte Suppressed Genes (ASGs). Thus, the present invention further relates to Astrocyte Enhanced Genes (AEGs), the expression of which are up-regulated in human astrocytes grown in primary cell culture that are exposed to either the human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1 or to the HIV-1 protein gp120, and to Astrocyte Suppressed Genes (ASGs), the expression of which are downregulated in human astrocytes grown in primary cell culture that are exposed to either the human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1 or to the HIV-1 protein gp120. Because they may play a role in HIV-associated dementia (“HAD”), AMGs may be used as markers in methods for screening for drugs that treat or prevent HAD.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for isolating a double-stranded cDNA having a nucleotide sequence of a complete open reading frame which comprises: (A) admixing (i) an isolated single-stranded cDNA, (ii) a first primer capable of forming a stem-loop structure, comprising (a) at the 3′ end of the primer, a first random sequence, linked to (b) a second sequence, linked to (c) a third sequence which forms a loop structure, linked to (d) a fourth sequence, at the 5′ end of the first primer, which is complementary to the second sequence, under hybridization conditions sufficient for annealing the first sequence of the first primer to the sequence at the 3′ end of the single-stranded cDNA, and (iii) a polymerase; (B) incubating the mixture from step (A) under suitable conditions for DNA synthesis; and (C) performing a polymerase chain reaction by admixing (i) an aliquot of the mixture from (B), (ii) a second primer which specifically binds to the single-stranded cDNA, (iii) a third primer

Abstract: The invention provides for isolated nucleic acids encoding Progression Suppressed Gene 13 (PS Gen 13) proteins, vectors comprising said nucleic acids, isolated PSGen 13 proteins, and methods of using such molecules to prevent the growth of cancer cells and/or new blood vessels and accordingly to treat patients suffering from cancer. It is based, at least in part, on the characterization of the complete cDNAs encoding rat and human PSGen 13, and on the discovery that increased levels of PSGen 13 expression can suppress the transformed phenotype and inhibit the activities of promoter elements associated with cancer progression and angiogenesis. In various embodiments, the present invention provides a method for inhibiting growth of a cancer cell which comprises contacting the cancer cell with a nucleic acid encoding a PSGen 13 protein, a PSGen 13 protein or a PSGen 13 activator compound in a sufficient amount so as to inhibit growth of the cancer cell.

Abstract: The invention provides for an isolated nucleic acid encoding Mda-5 (melanoma differentiation associated gene-5) and an isolated Mda-5 polypeptide. The invention further provides a vector comprising the nucleic acid encoding Mda-5, as well as a host cell comprising the vector. The invention provides an antibody which specifically binds to an Mda-5 polypeptide. The invention further provides a method for determining whether a compound is an inducer of Mda-5 gene expression and assays to determine whether a compound modifies the enzymatic activity of the Mda-5 polypeptide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to mda-5 nucleic acids, MDA-5 proteins, the mda-5 promoter, and related molecules, and the use of each of these elements in protecting against or limiting viral infection, controlling cell proliferation, and promoting apoptosis. It is based upon the discovery that, contrary to earlier hypotheses based on the amino acid sequence of MDA-5, the protein is not a defective ATPase but rather exhibits ATPase activity. This supports the role of MDA-5 as a RNA helicase protein and consequently its use in promoting RNA degradation, for example in the context of antiviral defense, limitation of cell proliferation, or induction of apoptosis.