Abstract: A composite cathode active material includes: a core including a plurality of primary particles; and a shell on the core, wherein the primary particles include a first lithium transition metal oxide comprising nickel, the shell includes a first layer and a second layer on the first layer, the first layer includes a first composition containing a first metal, the second layer includes a second composition containing phosphorus, and the first metal includes at least one or more metal, other than nickel, belonging to any of Groups 2 to 5 and Groups 7 to 15 of the Periodic Table of the Elements. Also a cathode, and a lithium battery each including the composite cathode active material, and a method of preparing the composite cathode active material.

Abstract: Disclosed is a separation and receiving apparatus for a spent nuclear fuel rod. The spent nuclear fuel rod is mounted and downwardly transferred by a pin. At this time, a blade peels the hull of the spent nuclear fuel rod. The hull and a pellet positioned therein are separated by a separator. The peeled hull and pellet are each received in respective receiving vessels. Accordingly, since the hull and pellet made of uranium oxide (UO2) may be automatically separated and received in each respective vessel, safety and automation may be guaranteed.

Abstract: A vol-oxidizer of spent nuclear fuel, the spent nuclear fuel is injected to a reaction portion, the reaction portion is connected to a driving portion and oxidizes the spent nuclear fuel by rotating and back-rotating the spent nuclear fuel. The oxidized powder of the spent nuclear fuel is gathered in a discharge portion located in a lower portion of the reaction portion. By providing minute powder particles for recycling and a post process of the spent nuclear fuel, even though a size of an apparatus is small, processing a large amount is possible. Time required for oxidation can be reduced, and the powder is readily discharged by gravity since the apparatus is vertically configured.

Abstract: A vol-oxidizer of spent nuclear fuel, the spent nuclear fuel is injected to a reaction portion, the reaction portion is connected to a driving portion and oxidizes the spent nuclear fuel by rotating and back-rotating the spent nuclear fuel. The oxidized powder of the spent nuclear fuel is gathered in a discharge portion located in a lower portion of the reaction portion. By providing minute powder particles for recycling and a post process of the spent nuclear fuel, even though a size of an apparatus is small, processing a large amount is possible. Time required for oxidation can be reduced, and the powder is readily discharged by gravity since the apparatus is vertically configured.

Abstract: Disclosed is a separation and receiving apparatus for a spent nuclear fuel rod. The spent nuclear fuel rod is mounted and downwardly transferred by a pin. At this time, a blade peels the hull of the spent nuclear fuel rod. The hull and a pellet positioned therein are separated by a separator. The peeled hull and pellet are each received in respective receiving vessels. Accordingly, since the hull and pellet made of uranium oxide (UO2) may be automatically separated and received in each respective vessel, safety and automation may be guaranteed.