Abstract: Disclosed is a method of manufacturing the organic light emitting display apparatus. The method includes preparing a substrate and placing a mask over the substrate. A frit paste composition is disposed on the mask which has a patterned opening. The frit paste composition is pressed to land on the substrate to form a frit paste structure. The frit paste structure is pre-sintered. Another substrate on which an array of pixels is formed is arranged to oppose the substrate on which the frit structure is formed, and then the substrates are coupled with the frit structure.

Abstract: A plasma display panel and a method of making thereof such that the plasma display panel includes a first substrate and a second substrate arranged opposite to each other; a plurality of address electrodes disposed on the first substrate; a dielectric layer disposed to cover the address electrodes disposed on the first substrate; a plurality of display electrodes disposed to cross the address electrodes on a second substrate; an inorganic oxide layer disposed to cover the display electrodes; an MgO protective layer disposed to cover the inorganic oxide layer; barrier ribs disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate to define a plurality of discharge cells; and phosphor layers disposed in the discharge cells.

Abstract: An electron emission device effectively blocks an electric field generated by an anode, consistently and stably emits electrons at a low gate voltage, and provides a high luminous uniformity and luminous efficiency. In addition, a flat display apparatus using the electron emission device as a backlight unit (BLU) and a method of driving the light emission device are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a moisture removal apparatus and method for accurately detecting moisture generation in an early stage and quickly removing it so as to prevent steam or frost from being formed on glass surfaces of vehicles and industrial devices, and other surfaces. The apparatus comprises a surface resistance detector (50) including two detection terminals attached on an insulation surface with a predetermined gap therebetween, and showing different resistances according to an amount of moisture on the insulation surface; a static electricity preventer (60) preventing static electricity generation to the signal sensed by the surface resistance detector (50); a moisture sensor (70) determining moisture states through variations of the current that flows according to resistances of the surface resistance detector (50), and outputting a corresponding signal; and a driver (80) being operable to the signal output by the moisture sensor (70) and removing moisture generated on the surface.

Abstract: An electron emission type backlight unit which may include a front substrate and a rear substrate, a gate electrode, an insulating unit disposed on the gate electrode, a cathode disposed on the insulating unit that intersects the gate electrode, a first opening formed in the cathode to expose the gate electrode, a second opening formed in the insulating unit to expose the gate electrode, in which the second opening connects to the first opening, an electron emitting unit disposed on the cathode that exposes the gate electrode, in which the electron emitting unit is formed to trace along a boundary of the cathode that defines the first opening, an auxiliary gate electrode disposed on the gate electrode, in which the auxiliary gate electrode passes through the first opening and the second opening; and an anode and a light emitting unit.

Abstract: Particular aspects provide novel compositions and methods useful for the growth, isolation and detection of microorganisms that have ?-glucosidase activity (e.g., the bacterium E. sakazakii). Certain embodiments provide a novel growth and/or plating media, comprising a fluorogenic ?-glucosidase substrate, which is both selective for and differential to E. sakazakii. In particular embodiments, the ?-glucosidase substrate comprises 4-methylumbelliferyl-?-D-glucoside. Additional embodiments relate to a selection media. Further embodiments relate to a selective medium that is based on Tryptone Bile agar. Still further embodiments relate to OK media as defined herein. Other embodiments of the invention relate to methods for growing bacterial cultures on media that is selective for and differential to microorganisms that have ?-glucosidase activity (e.g., the bacterium E. sakazakii).

Abstract: An electron emission device having improved electron emission efficiency and an electron emission type backlight unit including the electron emission device in which an electric field between an anode electrode and a cathode electrode is effectively blocked, and electrons are emitted continuously and stably by a low gate voltage, thereby improving light-emitting uniformity and light-emitting efficiency. Also provided is a flat display apparatus employing the electron emission type backlight unit having the electron emission device. The electron emission device includes a base substrate; an insulating layer disposed on a surface of the base substrate; a cathode electrode formed on the insulating layer; a gate electrode that is formed on the base substrate, separated from the cathode electrode, and higher than the cathode electrode; and an electron emission layer that is electrically connected to the cathode electrode and disposed to face the gate electrode.

Abstract: An electron emission device with improved electron emission efficiency and an electron emission type backlight unit with a new structure using the electron emission device in which an electric field between an anode electrode and a cathode electrode is effectively blocked, and electrons are emitted continuously and stably by a low gate voltage, thereby improving light-emitting uniformity and efficiency. Also provided is a flat display apparatus employing the electron emission type backlight unit having the electron emission device. The electron emission device includes a base substrate; a cathode electrode formed on the base substrate having a cross-section whose height is greater than its width; a gate electrode that is formed on the base substrate and alternately separated from the cathode electrode and has a cross-section whose height is greater than its width; and an electron emission layer disposed on a surface of the cathode electrode toward the gate electrode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a moisture removal apparatus and method for accurately detecting moisture generation in an early stage and quickly removing it so as to prevent steam or frost from being formed on glass surfaces of vehicles and industrial devices, and other surfaces. The apparatus comprises a surface resistance detector (50) including two detection terminals attached on an insulation surface with a predetermined gap therebetween, and showing different resistances according to an amount of moisture on the insulation surface; a static electricity preventer (60) preventing static electricity generation to the signal sensed by the surface resistance detector (50); a moisture sensor (70) determining moisture states through variations of the current that flows according to resistances of the surface resistance detector (50), and outputting a corresponding signal; and a driver (80) being operable to the signal output by the moisture sensor (70) and removing moisture generated on the surface.

Abstract: A heating apparatus for chemical vapor deposition equipment which is capable of providing a uniform temperature distribution, even for a wafer having a large surface area. The heating apparatus may include upper and lower reflection plates, with a heater located between the reflection plates. The apparatus may also include a barrier plate to help provide a uniform heat distribution and to minimize dust generation and metallic pollution on a wafer. The apparatus may also include a heater cover for covering the upper portions of the first reflection plate, the heater and the barrier plate, and the sides thereof. The upper reflection plate, which is installed above the heater cover, may be integrally formed with a gas spraying means.