Abstract: Provided are a battery pack with increased space efficiency of an installation site and a vehicle including the battery pack. The battery pack includes at least one battery module; and a cooling unit having a refrigerant passage configured to allow a refrigerant to flow therein, having a plate shape such that the at least one battery module is mounted thereon, and including at least one of a convex part in which a part on which the battery module is not mounted is convex in an upper direction, and a concave part in which another part on which the battery module is not mounted is concave in a lower direction.

Abstract: An optical device is disclosed herein. In some embodiments, an optical device includes a first outer substrate, a second outer substrate, a liquid crystal element positioned between the first outer substrate and the second outer substrate, a first intermediate layer between the first outer substrate and the liquid crystal element, and a second intermediate layer between the second outer substrate and the liquid crystal element, wherein a sum of total thicknesses of the first and second intermediate layers is 800 ?m or more, and wherein the liquid crystal element includes a first base layer, a second base layer, a liquid crystal layer between the first base layer and the second base layer, a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer between the first base layer and the liquid crystal layer, and a spacer to maintain a gap between the first and second base layers.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method for extracting a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 from ginseng, including anaerobic natural fermentation of ginseng, an anaerobic-naturally fermented ginseng extract including the compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 extracted by the method, and a method of enhancing the skin barrier including applying a composition including an effective amount of the anaerobic-naturally fermented ginseng extract. In Chemical Formula 1, each substituent is as defined in the specification.

Abstract: A processing device including a first buffer storing calculation rules, a calculator including a plurality of multipliers and an adder, the multipliers configured to perform multiplication repeatedly, a second buffer storing operands, the second buffer being configured to enqueue the operands based on the calculation rules into a queue, and a counter indicating a respective number indicating a number of times a multiplication is to be performed by each of the plurality of multipliers, each multiplier of the plurality of multipliers being configured to provide a non-final multiplication result to a first path to an input of the corresponding multiplier responsive to a corresponding number of multiplications performed by the multiplier being less than the respective number, and provide a final multiplication result to a second path to the adder responsive to the corresponding number of multiplications performed by the multiplier being equal to the respective number.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device and a method for qualitative and quantitative analysis of heavy metals and more particularly provides a device and a method for qualitative and quantitative analysis of heavy metals utilizing a rotary disc system.

Abstract: A robot hand module includes a thumb module, a plurality of finger modules, and a palm part to which the thumb module and the finger modules are coupled. The thumb module and the finger modules each include a phalangeal part movably coupled to the palm part, a cable part having a first side connected to the phalangeal part, and a driving part connected to a second side of the cable part and configured to operate the phalangeal part by extending the cable part to the outside or retracting the cable part, wherein each of the driving parts includes an inlet region from which the cable part is extended to the outside, and wherein an acute angle is defined between a first direction in which the inlet region is directed toward the outside and a second direction in which the driving parts are disposed.

Abstract: A gate driving circuit includes a plurality of stages that are dependently connected, wherein an n-th one of the stages (n being a natural number) comprises a node controller for controlling voltages of set and reset nodes, a scan signal generator controlled in accordance with the voltages of the set and reset nodes, thereby outputting a scan signal to a scan line of a display panel, and a reference voltage/high-level supply power output unit controlled in accordance with the voltages of the set and reset nodes, thereby outputting a reference voltage or a high-level supply voltage to a reference voltage line of the display panel.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are synthetic nanoparticles, pharmaceutical compositions, kits, or methods for treating and/or preventing cancer. In some embodiments, the synthetic nanoparticles and/or pharmaceutical compositions comprises a pH sensitive liposome, an apolipoprotein, and andrographolide or derivative thereof. In some embodiments, the synthetic nanoparticles are delivered to a subject for treatment of cancer. In some embodiments, the cancer is T-cell lymphoma or B-cell lymphoma.

Abstract: A conductive material dispersion includes a carbon-based conductive material, a main dispersant, an auxiliary dispersant, and a dispersion medium, wherein the main dispersant is a nitrile-based copolymer and the auxiliary dispersant is a copolymer including an oxyalkylene unit and at least one selected from the group consisting of a styrene unit and an alkylene unit.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing a positive electrode active material, which includes: (A) preparing a positive electrode active material precursor which includes a core portion including randomly aggregated primary particles and a shell portion surrounding the core portion and formed of primary particles oriented in a direction from a particle center to the outside and in which a ratio of a crystal grain size in the (100) plane to a crystal grain size in the (001) plane of the primary particles forming the shell portion is 3 or more; and (B) mixing the positive electrode active material precursor with a lithium-containing raw material and firing the mixture, wherein the lithium transition metal oxide has an average particle diameter (D50) that is 0.01% to 20% reduced as compared to an average particle diameter (D50) of the positive electrode active material precursor.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and method for forming a thin film. The apparatus for forming a thin film include a chamber configured to define a substrate processing space therein, a substrate support part connected to the chamber to support a substrate inside the chamber, a heat source part connected to the chamber to face the substrate support part, and a plasma generation part connected to the chamber to supply radicals between the substrate support part and the heat source part at at least two points.

Abstract: A battery module has increased safety against fire or gas explosion. The battery module includes: a plurality of battery cells; and a module housing including a cell receiver configured to accommodate the plurality of battery cells therein and including an outlet through which gas discharged from the plurality of battery cells is discharged, and a gas venting unit configured to cover a side of the cell receiver and including a gas inlet through which gas discharged from the outlet is introduced, a gas channel including a path through which gas introduced through the gas inlet moves, and a gas outlet communicating with the gas channel and provided at a position facing an outer circumferential portion of the cell receiver.

Abstract: A bulk-acoustic wave resonator includes a substrate; a lower electrode, disposed on the substrate, comprising a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface; and an insertion layer disposed on an edge of the lower electrode. The first inclined surface extends from an inclined surface of the insertion layer in a region disposed inside the insertion layer. The second inclined surface extends from the first inclined surface in a region inside a region of the first inclined surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for encoding/decoding a video. To this end, the method for decoding a video may include: deriving a spatial merge candidate from at least one of spatial candidate blocks of a current block, deriving a temporal merge candidate from a co-located block of the current block, and generating a prediction block of the current block based on at least one of the derived spatial merge candidate and the derived temporal merge candidate, wherein a reference picture for the temporal merge candidate is selected based on a reference picture list of a current picture including the current block and a reference picture list of a co-located picture including the co-located block.

Abstract: A messaging service method and apparatus are disclosed. An operating method of a terminal on which an application for a messaging service is installed includes displaying a keyword of a first type in a chat interface, wherein the keyword of the first type is detected from a text input into a message input window of the chat interface in a first input mode, based on a request corresponding to a keyword of a second type detected from the text, changing an input mode of the chat interface to a second input mode, and in response to the input mode being changed, replacing displaying of the keyword of the first type with displaying of an interfacing object corresponding to the keyword of the second type.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for a messaging service are disclosed. A method of operating a terminal on which an application for a messaging service is installed includes detecting a keyword from a text input through a message input window, cumulatively displaying the detected keyword on a suggest area, setting information about a link to a selected keyword in the text, and separately displaying the selected keyword from a non-selected keyword on the suggest area.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for encoding/decoding a video. To this end, the method for decoding a video may include: deriving a spatial merge candidate from at least one of spatial candidate blocks of a current block, deriving a temporal merge candidate from a co-located block of the current block, and generating a prediction block of the current block based on at least one of the derived spatial merge candidate and the derived temporal merge candidate, wherein a reference picture for the temporal merge candidate is selected based on a reference picture list of a current picture including the current block and a reference picture list of a co-located picture including the co-located block.

Abstract: Provided is a composition comprising a novel strain, a lysate thereof or a culture product thereof, which can demonstrate excellent effects in strengthening skin barrier, moisturizing skin, enhancing skin elasticity or anti-aging, and can be used for a cosmetic composition or health functional food.

Abstract: The present disclosure is related to a method for preparing a gaseous- or liquid-nitridation treated core-shell catalyst and, more specifically, to a method for preparing a gaseous- or liquid-nitridation treated core-shell catalyst comprising steps of: nitridation-treating a transition metal precursor core and noble metal precursor shell particles in the presence of a gaseous nitrogen source; or forming a transition metal precursor core and noble metal precursor shell particles, by means of a liquid nitrogen source, and at the same time allowing the nitrogen source to bond with the transition metal precursor and thus allowing nitridation treatment. Therefore, the present disclosure allows a high nitrogen content in the core and thus enables a prepared catalyst to have excellent durability, a small average particle size and high degree of dispersion and uniformity, and thus to be suitable for the fuel cell field.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and an apparatus for managing a user profile. A user profile management method performed by a server according to an example embodiment includes creating a plurality of profiles corresponding to a user account, receiving a view request for a profile of the other user account in a predetermined relationship with the user account from a user terminal logged in with the user account, providing a UI of a profile of the other user account including an interfacing object regarding the profile of the user account to the user account, receiving an input for selecting a profile to be displayed on the other user terminal logged in the other user account, among a plurality of profiles corresponding to the user account through the interfacing object, and matching the other user account with the selected profile.