Abstract: The present application provides a conductive pattern laminate including: a substrate having concave portions or protrusion portions on an upper surface thereof; and a conductive film provided on an upper surface of concave portions or protrusion portions of the substrate and on a portion in which no concave portions or protrusion portions are present on the upper surface of the substrate, in which the conductive film provided on the upper surface of concave portions or protrusion portions of the substrate and the conductive film provided on the portion in which no concave portions or protrusion portions are present on the upper surface of the substrate are electrically disconnected from each other, a method for manufacturing the same, and an electronic apparatus including the laminate.

Abstract: Provided are a liquid crystal device, a composition capable of forming a liquid crystal layer, a method of manufacturing the liquid crystal device, a system for manufacturing the liquid crystal device, and a use of the liquid crystal device. The liquid crystal device is a device capable of exhibiting, for example, a normally transparent or black mode, exhibiting a high contrast ratio, being driven with a low driving voltage, and exhibiting excellent durability such as thermal stability. Such a liquid crystal device may be applied to various optical modulators such as a smart window, a window protective film, a flexible display device, an active retarder for displaying 3D images, or a viewing angle control film.

Abstract: Provided are a liquid crystal device, a composition capable of forming a liquid crystal layer, a method of manufacturing the liquid crystal device, a system for manufacturing the liquid crystal device, and a use of the liquid crystal device. The liquid crystal device is a device capable of exhibiting, for example, a normally white or black mode, which may exhibit a high contrast ratio and be driven with a low driving voltage, and exhibit excellent durability such as thermal stability. Such a liquid crystal device may be applied to various optical modulators such as a smart window, a window protective film, a flexible display device, an active retarder for displaying 3D images, or a viewing angle control film.

Abstract: Provided are a liquid crystal device, a composition capable of forming a liquid crystal layer, a method of manufacturing the liquid crystal device, a system for manufacturing the liquid crystal device, and a use of the liquid crystal device. The liquid crystal device is a device capable of exhibiting, for example, a normally transparent or black mode, exhibiting a high contrast ratio, being driven with a low driving voltage, and exhibiting excellent durability such as thermal stability. Such a liquid crystal device may be applied to various optical modulators such as a smart window, a window protective film, a flexible display device, an active retarder for displaying 3D images, or a viewing angle control film.

Abstract: Provided are a liquid crystal cell and a use thereof. An exemplary liquid crystal cell can be implemented in a bistable mode switching between a haze mode and a non-haze mode even with low driving voltage. Such a liquid crystal cell can be applied to various optical modulation apparatus, such as a smart window, a window protection film, a flexible display element, an active retarder for a 3D visual display, and a viewing angle-controlling film.

Abstract: The present application relates to a liquid crystal element and a use of the liquid crystal element. The exemplary liquid crystal element of the present application is, for example, an element capable of realizing a normally transparent mode, having a high contrast ratio, and being driven with a low driving voltage. Such a liquid crystal element may be applied in a variety of light modulators including a smart window, a window protective film, a flexible display element, an active retarder for displaying a 3D image and a viewing angle controlling film.

Abstract: The present application relates to a liquid crystal cell, a method for preparing a liquid crystal cell and a display device. An exemplary liquid crystal cell may be applied to various types of display devices so as to control a viewing angle or light transmittance of the display device.

Abstract: Provided are a light modulation device and a use thereof. The light modulation device may apply an external signal by a composite layer having a high transmittance in a visible region, a low transmittance in an infrared region and a low sheet resistance. Such a light modulation device may be applied in various uses such as a smart window, a window protecting film, a flexible display element, an active retarder for displaying a 3D image or a viewing angle control film.

Abstract: The present application relates to a method of preparing a liquid crystal capsule, a liquid crystal capsule and the use of the liquid crystal capsule. The liquid crystal capsule prepared according to an embodiment of the present application has advantages in that transmittance and stability are improved and the degree of scattering is uniform.

Abstract: The present application relates to an optical element. The exemplary optical element may have a variable transmittance by whether an external signal is applied or not. Also, since the optical element may apply the external signal by using a composite layer having a low transmittance to light in an infrared region, the optical element may block heat, and save energy. Such an optical element may be usefully employed in various optical devices, for example, a sunroof.

Abstract: The present application provides a conductive pattern laminate including: a substrate having concave portions or protrusion portions on an upper surface thereof; and a conductive film provided on an upper surface of concave portions or protrusion portions of the substrate and on a portion in which no concave portions or protrusion portions are present on the upper surface of the substrate, in which the conductive film provided on the upper surface of concave portions or protrusion portions of the substrate and the conductive film provided on the portion in which no concave portions or protrusion portions are present on the upper surface of the substrate are electrically disconnected from each other, a method for manufacturing the same, and an electronic apparatus including the laminate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal cell, a precursor of the liquid crystal layer, a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal cell, and use of the liquid crystal cell are provided. The liquid crystal cell may be manufactured simply in a consecutive manner using a roll-to-roll process. Also, the liquid crystal cell may be realized as a flexible device, and have an excellent contrast ratio. Such a liquid crystal cell can be applied in various applications including smart windows, window-protecting films, flexible display devices, active retarders for displaying 3D images, or viewing angle-adjusting films.

Abstract: Provided are a liquid crystal cell and a use thereof. An exemplary liquid crystal cell can be implemented in a bistable mode switching between a haze mode and a non-haze mode even with low driving voltage. Such a liquid crystal cell can be applied to various optical modulation apparatus, such as a smart window, a window protection film, a flexible display element, an active retarder for a 3D visual display, and a viewing angle-controlling film.

Abstract: Provided are a liquid crystal device, a composition capable of forming a liquid crystal layer, a method of manufacturing the liquid crystal device, a system for manufacturing the liquid crystal device, and a use of the liquid crystal device. The liquid crystal device is a device capable of exhibiting, for example, a normally white or black mode, which may exhibit a high contrast ratio and be driven with a low driving voltage, and exhibit excellent durability such as thermal stability. Such a liquid crystal device may be applied to various optical modulators such as a smart window, a window protective film, a flexible display device, an active retarder for displaying 3D images, or a viewing angle control film.

Abstract: Provided are a liquid crystal device, a composition capable of forming a liquid crystal layer, a method of manufacturing the liquid crystal device, a system for manufacturing the liquid crystal device, and a use of the liquid crystal device. The liquid crystal device is a device capable of exhibiting, for example, a normally white or black mode, exhibiting a high contrast ratio, driven with a low driving voltage, and exhibiting excellent durability such as thermal stability. Such a liquid crystal device may be applied to various optical modulators such as a smart window, a window protective film, a flexible display device, an active retarder for displaying 3D images, or a viewing angle control film.

Abstract: Provided are a liquid crystal device, a composition capable of forming a liquid crystal layer, a method of manufacturing the liquid crystal device, a system for manufacturing the liquid crystal device, and a use of the liquid crystal device. The liquid crystal device is a device capable of exhibiting, for example, a normally transparent or black mode, exhibiting a high contrast ratio, being driven with a low driving voltage, and exhibiting excellent durability such as thermal stability. Such a liquid crystal device may be applied to various optical modulators such as a smart window, a window protective film, a flexible display device, an active retarder for displaying 3D images, or a viewing angle control film.

Abstract: The present application relates to a liquid crystal cell, a method for preparing a liquid crystal cell and a display device. An exemplary liquid crystal cell may be applied to various types of display devices so as to control a viewing angle or light transmittance of the display device.

Abstract: In a method for preparing a polyimide resin by reacting diamine and dianhydride, the polyimide resin is polymerized under the presence of a solvent having a boiling point ranging from 130° C. to 180° C. so as to be curable at a low temperature ranging from 150° C. to 250° C. Because the polyimide is curable even at a low temperature, when the polyimide resin is used as an electronic material, damage to equipment due to an otherwise high temperature process can be minimized, and in addition, the polyimide resin can be extensively used as an electronic material such as for a plastic substrate, or the like.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device, a precursor composition, a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal device, an apparatus of manufacturing a liquid crystal device, and use of the liquid crystal device are provided. A device capable of being driven at a low driving voltage can be provided. The device can be realized so that the device can be driven in a normally transparent mode or a normally black mode. Also, the device has other excellent characteristics such as a contrast ratio. Such a liquid crystal device can be applied to various light modulation devices such as smart windows, window-protecting films, flexible display devices, active retarders for displaying 3D images, or viewing angle-adjusting films.

Abstract: The present application relates to a liquid crystal cell, a method for preparing a liquid crystal cell and a display device. An exemplary liquid crystal cell may be applied to various types of display devices so as to control a viewing angle or light transmittance of the display device.