Abstract: A groove forming apparatus includes a laser light source configured to emit a laser beam, a multi-beam generator configured to split the laser beam into a plurality of sub-laser beams, a focusing lens unit configured to focus the plurality of sub-laser beams on a processing object, a first telecentric lens provided between the multi-beam generator and the focusing lens unit, and a second telecentric lens provided between the first telecentric lens and the focusing lens unit.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a heterocyclic compound represented by Chemical Formula 1, an organic light emitting device including the same and a composition for an organic material layer. Each substituent of Chemical Formula 1 has the same definition as described in the description of the disclosure.

Abstract: The present application provides an organic light emitting device which includes a heterocyclic compound capable of significantly improving the service life, efficiency, electrochemical stability, and thermal stability of the organic light emitting device in an organic material layer, a composition for an organic material layer of the organic light emitting device, and a method for manufacturing the organic light emitting device.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a heterocyclic compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 and an organic light emitting device including the same.

Abstract: A system, apparatus and method or controlling an autonomous network communication process includes initiating an automatic algorithm for an interactive communication session with a network node for secure communication with a human user, receiving from the network node a dynamic content including a request for input of information, extracting context information indicating a process for receiving the information needed for continuing the communication session, automatically executing the process for receiving the information, and providing to the network node the information for continuing the secure communication session.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a display device includes: grouping light emitting elements formed on a first substrate based on a light emission characteristic; and transferring the light emitting elements onto a second substrate such that the light emitting elements grouped as the same group are located adjacent to each other.

Abstract: Disclosed are a learning method and device for a generative artificial intelligence model. The learning method includes collecting original data of an artist; preparing valid data by removing noise from the original data; performing a first style learning operation of distinguishing and learning color information and line information among the valid data; and generating a first bias model by merging training data derived from the first style learning operation again.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling a wireless charger for a vehicle includes a communication device to receive an input from a user and information on the vehicle, and a controller to employ one of a first driving duty ratio of a cooling fan set based on the information on the vehicle, a second driving duty ratio of the cooling fan set based on the input from the user, or a third driving duty ratio of the cooling fan set through auto-tuning operation to operate the cooling fan, to enhance charging performance of the wireless charger while minimizing the feeling of the user bothered due to operating noise of a cooling fan.

Abstract: The present specification relates to a heterocyclic compound represented by Chemical Formula 1, and an organic light emitting device comprising the same.

Abstract: A multilayer electronic component may include a body including a capacitance forming portion including a dielectric layer including a plurality of dielectric grains, and a plurality of internal electrodes alternately disposed to be stacked with the dielectric layer; and an external electrode disposed on the body, wherein the plurality of dielectric grains include a first dielectric grain including a nano domain that is a domain region with a major diameter of 10 nm to 100 nm, and a second dielectric grain including a polar nano region including a domain region with a major diameter of less than 10 nm, and when the number of the first dielectric grains included in the capacitance forming portion is ND, and the number of the second dielectric grains included in the capacitance forming portion is RD, 50%<ND/(ND+RD) may be satisfied.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for upgrading heavy oil by using byproducts of coke production, and particularly provides a method for upgrading heavy oil comprising the steps of: a) mixing heavy oil with byproducts of coke production to produce a mixed liquid: and b) subjecting the mixed liquid to pyrolysis, the method allowing reduction of the amount of coke generated and thus being economical and effective.

Abstract: Provided herein is a memory device that may include a string, a voltage generation circuit, a page buffer, and a channel initializing circuit. The string may include select transistors and memory cells coupled in series between a bit line and a source line. The page buffer may be configured to precharge or discharge the bit line. The voltage generation circuit may be configured to apply a turn-on voltage or a turn-off voltage to select lines coupled to the select transistors, apply at least one operating voltage to word lines coupled to the memory cells, or discharge the select lines or the word lines. The channel initializing circuit may be configured to control the voltage generation circuit and the page buffer so as to initialize a channel of the string when an operation performed on the memory cells is completed or is suspended before being completed.

Abstract: Cognitive determination of whether a message is suitable for sending over a data communications network can include extracting tokens from the message prior to transmitting the message. One or more intended recipients of the message can be determined from the tokens. A machine learning classification model corresponding to the one or more recipients of the message can be selected. The machine learning classification model can be constructed based on tokens extracted from prior messages, which are combined to create a plurality of documents for training the machine learning classification model. The one or more tokens extracted from the message can be classified using the machine learning classification model. An alert message can be generated in response to determining based on the classifying that the message is unsuited for sending.

Abstract: A semiconductor device transport unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include a transport shaft disposed in an internal space formed by a chamber and extended along a transport direction of a semiconductor device, a moving holder mounted on the transport shaft with an allowable spacing and transporting a carrier having the semiconductor device loaded thereinto along the transport direction, and a temperature adjuster that adjusts a temperature of at least one of the moving holder and the transport shaft so that the moving holder is prevented from being fixed to the transport shaft in a temperature atmosphere.

Abstract: A display device according to one or more embodiments includes a first substrate including emission areas, and a non-emission area between the emission areas, light-emitting elements above the first substrate and respectively in the emission areas, a second substrate above the first substrate, and defining grooves corresponding to the emission areas on a surface facing the first substrate, light conversion layers in the grooves above the light-emitting elements, and reflective layers on sidewalls of the grooves, and surrounding the light conversion layers in plan view.

Abstract: The invention provides novel linkers, linker conjugates, and drug conjugates thereof, as well as methods of preparation and use thereof for treating various diseases and conditions.

Abstract: An on-board charger for an electric vehicle includes a vehicle port configured to be connected to an external charger comprising a first relay located on an internal first power supply path, a power converter, a second relay located on a second power supply path between the vehicle port and the power converter, and a controller configured to turn off the first relay and the second relay in response to triggering a vehicle-to-grid (V2G) protection operation based on power-related parameters.

Abstract: The invention provides novel auristatin analogs and immunoconjugates thereof, as well as pharmaceutical compositions and methods of preparation and use for treating various diseases and disorders (e.g., cancer).

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling a GCL of an Ethernet switch and a method thereof are provided. A controller area network (CAN) message is transformed to an Ethernet frame, a queue corresponding to a transmission type of the CAN message is determined, and a time to open or close a transmission gate of the queue is updated over a gate control list (GCL), thereby effectively scheduling (lowering the complexity of scheduling) a plurality of CAN messages transmitted to the Ethernet, and improving transmission reliability of the CAN message.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to pro-reparative extracellular vesicle (EV) compositions comprising at least one fusion protein located inside the EV, the at least one fusion protein having pro-reparative biological activity. The disclosure also relates to methods of promoting wound healing in a subject suffering from at least one of obesity, diabetes, and end-stage renal failure, the method comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of the pro-reparative EVs of any preceding claim to a wound of a subject.