Abstract: A vehicle control apparatus and a vehicle control system including the same are provided. The vehicle control apparatus includes an electronic control unit and a gateway. The electronic control unit is configured to store software identification management information associated with the electronic control unit. The gateway is configured to store a master list of the software identification management information, which includes the software identification management information received from the electronic control unit, deliver update information related to software associated with vehicle type approval (VTA) to the electronic control unit corresponding to the update information, as the update information is received, and update the software identification management information associated with the electronic control unit in the master list as an update of the software of the electronic control unit is completed.

Abstract: An apparatus of verifying a software integrity of a vehicle controller and a method thereof includes a communication device that provides a communication interface with a software management system, and a controller which is configured to obtain first verification data of the vehicle controller from the software management system, obtains second verification data from the vehicle controller, and verifies an integrity of software loaded in the vehicle controller based on the obtained first verification data and the obtained second verification data.

Abstract: A vehicle control apparatus and a vehicle control system including the same are provided. The vehicle control apparatus includes an electronic control unit and a gateway. The electronic control unit is configured to store software identification management information associated with the electronic control unit. The gateway is configured to store a master list of the software identification management information, which includes the software identification management information received from the electronic control unit, deliver update information related to software associated with vehicle type approval (VTA) to the electronic control unit corresponding to the update information, as the update information is received, and update the software identification management information associated with the electronic control unit in the master list as an update of the software of the electronic control unit is completed.

Abstract: An electronic vibrator comprises a power source unit converting AC power into DC power, a bridge circuit comprising an insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) as a power switching device for driving a large-capacity oscillator, a circuit driving unit driving the bridge circuit and applying a sine wave which is a sine wave PWM modulation reference wave as well as a triangular wave, and a vibration generator connected to the bridge circuit, generating vibration by a current supplied by the bridge circuit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electronic vibrator comprising: a power supply unit for converting AC power into DC power; a bridge circuit unit comprising an IGBT, as a power switching element, in order to enable driving of a large-capacity oscillator; a circuit driving unit for driving the bridge circuit unit, the circuit driving unit applying a sine wave, which is a sine wave PWM modulation reference wave, together with a triangular wave; and a vibration generator connected to the bridge circuit unit so as to generate vibration by means of an electric current provided by the bridge circuit unit, wherein the vibration generator comprises: an E core, which has an E-shape, which is made of a steel plate, and which comprises multiple overlapping layers; an I core, which is positioned at a distance from the E core, which is made of a steel plate, which comprises multiple overlapping layers, and which has an I-shape; a winding unit wound around a portion horizontally protruding from the center of the E core,

Abstract: A surface-modified medical metallic material, which comprise a metallic substrate; a thin film of gold or silver coated on the surface of said substrate; a functional sulfur compound adsorbed on said thin film; and a sulfonated poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) derivative chemically bonded to functional groups of said sulfur compound, and a method for the preparation thereof are disclosed. It is also disclosed a stent, a cardiac valve and a catheter prepared from the surface-modified metal material.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to prevent generating repair by-products during a repair process of a phase shift mask, and defects on a quartz substrate. According to the present invention, a repair method for phase shift mask in a semiconductor device so as to remove a bridge formed between a phase shift layer on a quartz substrate, comprises the steps of: first repairing the bridge by implanting a charging ion according to a focused ion beam(“FIB”) method; and second repairing the first repaired bridge portion by emitting laser and then removing the bridge.