Abstract: Disclosed are a composite fiber (MXene composite fiber) and a manufacturing method thereof. The composite fibers are manufactured by braiding a MXene-PAN fiber heat-treated with a polymer fiber. The method includes preparing a first dispersion including an MXene compound and a first solvent, preparing a second dispersion including polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and a second solvent, obtaining an admixture including the first dispersion and the second dispersion, obtaining a spun fiber by performing wet-spinning of the admixture, obtaining an MXene-PAN fiber by performing heat treatment of the spun fiber, and obtaining the MXene composite fiber by braiding the MXene-PAN fibers with a polymer fiber. An electrical conductivity of the MXene-PAN fiber is about 0.1 Scm?1 to 1,000 Scm?1.

Abstract: Provided is a composite heating film. The composite heating film includes conductive sheets stacked in a layered structure. Metal/metal oxide composite particles intercalated between neighboring conductive sheets among the conductive sheets are positioned. The composite heating film can generate heat with high efficiency even at a low operating voltage and can be used as a portable heating unit due to having a light weight.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composite fiber including a substrate and a MXene disposed inside the substrate. The substrate contains a polymer and has a fiber shape. Since the MXene content is controlled to be in an optimum range, the mechanical properties, mechanical stability, and oxidation stability of the composite fiber are maximized.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of manufacturing a hybrid packaging material, comprising the steps of: (a) forming a colloidal inorganic nanosol; (b) surface-treating the inorganic nanosol of step (a) with an organic metal alkoxide containing an organic function group by stirring the inorganic nanosol together with the organic metal alkoxide; (c) replacing a solvent of the inorganic nanosol with an organic solvent different in type from the solvent to prepare an organic solvent-type inorganic nanosol; (d) substituting the organic solvent of the inorganic nanosol of step (c) with a functional organic monomer or a silicon compound, followed by concentration to prepare a solvent-free organic-inorganic hybrid material; and (e) adding a nanoclay dispersed in a solvent to the solvent-free organic-inorganic hybrid material.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing high-purity lithium carbonate. The method includes: removing magnesium and boron from a brine; separating and removing the remaining magnesium and calcium; concentrating the resulting brine by spray drying to form a powder; washing the powder to concentrate lithium; and carbonating the lithium ions with sodium carbonate (Na2CO3).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high-concentration oxygen-dissolving apparatus using ultrasonic waves.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for data management through timer compensation in a wireless communication system are provided. In the method, when a data loss occurs at a first point, whether a data loss has occurred previously and so whether a timer is being driven are determined. Whether the driven timer stops or expires at a second point is determined. When the timer stops or expires at the second point, a timer value is compensated for with consideration of a time difference between the first point and the second point. A timer for the data loss of the first point is restarted based on the compensated timer value. Therefore, a delay of a retransmission request time for lost data in an RLC (Radio Link Control) layer may be minimized.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for operating an Automatic Repeat reQuest (ARQ) in consideration of an operation state of a Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ) in a wireless communication system. In the method, when an ARQ timer expires, operation state information of a HARQ module for controlling a HARQ is determined. Whether to delay generation of Negative ACKnowledge (NACK) information in consideration of the operation state information of the HARQ module, then determined. When determining to delay the generation of the NACK information, the generation of the NACK information is delayed for a delay time determined in consideration of the operation state information of the HARQ module.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of manufacturing a hybrid packaging material, comprising the steps of: (a) forming a colloidal inorganic nanosol; (b) surface-treating the inorganic nanosol of step (a) with an organic metal alkoxide containing an organic function group by stirring the inorganic nanosol together with the organic metal alkoxide; (c) replacing a solvent of the inorganic nanosol with an organic solvent different in type from the solvent to prepare an organic solvent-type inorganic nanosol; (d) substituting the organic solvent of the inorganic nanosol of step (c) with a functional organic monomer or a silicon compound, followed by concentration to prepare a solvent-free organic-inorganic hybrid material; and (e) adding a nanoclay dispersed in a solvent to the solvent-free organic-inorganic hybrid material.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing high-purity lithium carbonate. The method includes: removing magnesium and boron from a brine; separating and removing the remaining magnesium and calcium; concentrating the resulting brine by spray drying to form a powder; washing the powder to concentrate lithium; and carbonating the lithium ions with sodium carbonate (Na2CO3).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a heat dissipation coating agent and to a heat-dissipating plate including same, which efficiently dissipate heat from the surface of a heat-dissipating plate of an electric/electronic component. Particularly, the heat dissipation coating agent, which is applied to the surface of a heat-dissipating plate of an electric/electronic component, includes infrared radiation powder and a binder, and the heat-dissipating plate is coated with a heat dissipation layer consisting of the heat dissipation coating agent. Since the heat dissipation coating agent applied to the heat-dissipating plate is highly conductive, heat is emitted from the heat-dissipating plate by conduction as well as convection. In particular, the heat dissipation coating agent, which conducts heat with high conductivity, can be applied to a heat-dissipating plate of a high-power LED light source.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for reordering data packets in a communication system are provided. The method includes detecting that a first time value of a timer used for reordering data packets needs to be set when a missing data packet occurs in receiving data packets, and, when the timer restarts, setting the first time value to a time value determined by compensating for a second time value which is used when the timer starts. The timer starts when a first Transmission Sequence Number (TSN) of a received data packet is greater than a TSN of a data packet which is expected to be received immediately after data packets received already and when the timer is not in an active state. The timer expires at a point of time when the second time value lapses. The timer stops when a data packet with the same TSN as the first TSN is sent as a reassembly entity before the expiring of the timer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high-concentration oxygen-dissolving apparatus using ultrasonic waves.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for data management through timer compensation in a wireless communication system are provided. In the method, when a data loss occurs at a first point, whether a data loss has occurred previously and so whether a timer is being driven are determined. Whether the driven timer stops or expires at a second point is determined. When the timer stops or expires at the second point, a timer value is compensated for with consideration of a time difference between the first point and the second point. A timer for the data loss of the first point is restarted based on the compensated timer value. Therefore, a delay of a retransmission request time for lost data in an RLC (Radio Link Control) layer may be minimized.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a heat dissipation coating agent and to a heat-dissipating plate including same, which efficiently dissipate heat from the surface of a heat-dissipating plate of an electric/electronic component. Particularly, the heat dissipation coating agent, which is applied to the surface of a heat-dissipating plate of an electric/electronic component, includes infrared radiation powder and a binder, and the heat-dissipating plate is coated with a heat dissipation layer consisting of the heat dissipation coating agent. Since the heat dissipation coating agent applied to the heat-dissipating plate is highly conductive, heat is emitted from the heat-dissipating plate by conduction as well as convection. In particular, the heat dissipation coating agent, which conducts heat with high conductivity, can be applied to a heat-dissipating plate of a high-power LED light source.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for reordering data packets in a communication system are provided. The method includes detecting that a first time value of a timer used for reordering data packets needs to be set when a missing data packet occurs in receiving data packets, and, when the timer restarts, setting the first time value to a time value determined by compensating for a second time value which is used when the timer starts. The timer starts when a first Transmission Sequence Number (TSN) of a received data packet is greater than a TSN of a data packet which is expected to be received immediately after data packets received already and when the timer is not in an active state. The timer expires at a point of time when the second time value lapses. The timer stops when a data packet with the same TSN as the first TSN is sent as a reassembly entity before the expiring of the timer.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for operating an Automatic Repeat reQuest (ARQ) in consideration of an operation state of a Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ) in a wireless communication system. In the method, when an an ARQ timer expires, operation state information of a HARQ module for controlling a HARQ is determined. Whether to delay generation of Negative ACKnowledge (NACK) information in consideration of the operation state information of the HARQ module, then determined. When determining to delay the generation of the NACK information, the generation of the NACK information is delayed for a delay time determined in consideration of the operation state information of the HARQ module.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a flexible film optical waveguide, which is in flexible film form and includes upper and lower cladding layers, each of which is formed of an organic-inorganic hybrid material, and a core layer provided between the upper and lower cladding layers and formed of an organic-inorganic hybrid material having a refractive index higher than that of the organic-inorganic hybrid material of each of the upper and lower cladding layers. In addition, a method of fabricating such a flexible film optical waveguide is also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of producing a planar multimode optical waveguide by direct photo-patterning and, more particularly, to an optical waveguide material and a method of producing the same. It is possible to control the refractive index of the optical waveguide, and the optical waveguide has a desirable refractive index distribution throughout different dielectric regions. In the method, it is unnecessary to conduct processes of forming a clad layer and of etching a core layer, thus a production process is simplified. The method comprises coating a photosensitive hybrid material having a refractive index or a volume changed by light radiation, in a thickness of 10 microns or more, and radiating light having a predetermined wavelength onto the coated photosensitive hybrid material to form the multimode optical waveguide due to a change in refractive index of a portion onto which light is radiated.

Abstract: The present invention provides with a method for fabricating micro- optical elements comprising: forming a photoimageable hybrid coating layer containing oligo-siloxane containing a polymerizable organic functional group, a photoactive monomer capable of forming a polymer or/and a photochemical initiator monomer initiating polymerization by forming a dimer at the time of illuminating a light on a substrate; and forming a micro-optical element having the structure of a desired shape by illuminating a light on the photoimageable hybrid coating layer.