Abstract: A volatile memory device comprises a memory cell array including a plurality of memory cells storing data, and control logic controlling read and write operations for the plurality of memory cells. The control logic is configured to receive a command instructing a self-refresh operation from an external host device, to perform the self-refresh operation in response to the received command, to request the external host device to transfer data stored in the plurality of memory cells in response to a performance time of the self-refresh operation having elapsed a first threshold time, to monitor a read command received from the external host device in response to receiving a notification of self-refresh operation termination and a read command from the external host device, and to enter a power off state in response to the read command not being received for a second threshold time.

Abstract: A method for restoring data and a non-volatile memory performing the restore operation are disclosed. If a restore command is applied, an internal read command is generated to sequentially designate the addresses. A read operation is performed on the designated address, and the number of error bits in a code word is compared with a reference number of error bits. Depending on the result of the comparison, an update or restore operation on a corrected code word for the designated address is selectively performed.

Abstract: Provided is a separate type bottle top filter device which includes: a first coupling body in which an internal space receiving a sample is provided therein, and a discharge port through which the sample is discharged is formed; a second coupling body removably coupled to a lower portion of the first coupling body, and having a discharge member for discharging the sample discharged through the first discharge port to one side; and a membrane filter installed between the first and second coupling bodies to filter a target substance included in the sample discharged by the discharge member.

Abstract: A method of operating a storage device includes receiving, at the storage device, a meta information transfer command based on a data read request. The meta information transfer command is received from a host device. The method further includes receiving, at the storage device, a data read command corresponding to the data read request and the meta information transfer command. The data read command is received from the host device. The method further includes receiving, at the storage device, a plurality of meta data corresponding to the data read request and the meta information transfer command. The plurality of meta data is received from the host device. The method further includes performing a data read operation, at the storage device, based on the data read command and the plurality of meta data.

Abstract: A battery module includes a cell assembly including a plurality of battery cells; and a case including a main plate supporting the cell assembly and a side wall extending from the main plate in a first direction. The main plate includes a central portion and an end region extending from the central portion. At least a portion of the central portion protrudes further in the first direction, than at least a portion of the end region, or is coplanar with the at least a portion of the end region.

Abstract: In a method for manufacturing ganirelix, a peptide intermediate A represented by Chemical Formula 19 is obtained, a peptide intermediate B represented by Chemical Formula 21 is obtained, and ganirelix represented by Chemical Formula 13 is obtained through a convergent synthesis of the peptide intermediate A and the peptide intermediate B. Ganirelix can be obtained in high purity and high yield, and the commercial mass-production process therefor is feasible, and also, an economical advantage, that is, the reduction in the production costs compared to conventional technologies, is provided. Furthermore, it is possible to obtain a large quantity of Ganirelix more safely than conventional technologies.

Abstract: A display device includes: a support substrate including a main area including a display area in which light emitting areas are arranged, a hole area surrounded by the main area, and a hole peripheral area between the hole area and the main area; a circuit layer on the support substrate; an element layer on the circuit layer; a capping layer on the element layer; an encapsulation substrate on the capping layer and bonded to the support substrate; a first hole peripheral dam in the hole peripheral area and surrounding a periphery of the hole area; a second hole peripheral dam in the hole peripheral area and surrounding a periphery of the first hole peripheral dam; and an auxiliary dam in a valley area of the hole peripheral area between the first hole peripheral dam and the second hole peripheral dam.

Abstract: A memory system includes a storage device including a turbo write buffer and a user storage area implemented with a nonvolatile memory, and a host configured to transfer a read request to the storage device. In response to the read request, the storage device transfers read data and read data information including attributes of the read data to the host.

Abstract: A method of operating a storage device includes receiving, at the storage device, a meta information transfer command based on a data read request. The meta information transfer command is received from a host device. The method further includes receiving, at the storage device, a data read command corresponding to the data read request and the meta information transfer command. The data read command is received from the host device. The method further includes receiving, at the storage device, a plurality of meta data corresponding to the data read request and the meta information transfer command. The plurality of meta data is received from the host device. The method further includes performing a data read operation, at the storage device, based on the data read command and the plurality of meta data.

Abstract: A method for restoring data and a non-volatile memory performing the restore operation are disclosed. If a restore command is applied, an internal read command is generated to sequentially designate the addresses. A read operation is performed on the designated address, and the number of error bits in a code word is compared with a reference number of error bits. Depending on the result of the comparison, an update or restore operation on a corrected code word for the designated address is selectively performed.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate. An active pattern is on the substrate and extends in a first horizontal direction. First to third nanosheets are sequentially stacked on the active pattern and are spaced apart from each other in a vertical direction. A gate electrode is on the active pattern and extends in a second horizontal direction. The gate electrode surrounds each of the first to third nanosheets. A source/drain region is on the active pattern on at least one side of the gate electrode. An interlayer insulating layer covers the source/drain region. A source/drain contact penetrates the interlayer insulating layer in the vertical direction and is connected to the source/drain region. At least a portion of the interlayer insulating layer is disposed between sidewalls of the source/drain contact and the source/drain region in the first horizontal direction and overlaps sidewalls of the third nanosheet along the first horizontal direction.

Abstract: Disclosed is a biosensor. The biosensor comprises: an electrode; and a polymer structure disposed on the electrode and formed of poly-5,2?:5?,2?-terthiophene-3?-carboxylic acid (pTTCA), wherein an enzyme is present in a state of covalently binding with pTTCA inside the polymer structure.

Abstract: A method and composition for the detection of a target nucleic acid sequence using a tag oligonucleotide that contains a synthetic unnatural base. The protocol of the present disclosure increases a target signal by improving the binding affinity or specificity of the hybridization between the target-dependent fragment and the fragment-hybridizing oligonucleotide, and thus it is possible to detect the target sequences with more improved sensitivity.

Abstract: A battery device includes a cell assembly; a case accommodating the cell assembly; and at least one venting portion in the case to discharge gas generated from the cell assembly to the outside of the case; wherein the at least one venting portion includes a hole cover surrounded by a first region formed by cutting a surface of the case and a second region connected to a surface of the case, and a sealing member covering the first region, wherein the hole cover is lifted from a surface of the case and comprises a venting hole in the at least one venting portion, and wherein the sealing member seals the first region to prevent gas from flowing through the first region in a state in which the hole cover covers the venting hole.

Abstract: Provided herein is a supramolecular organo-ionic electrolyte, comprising, a supramolecular building unit, an alkali metal salt, a coordinating ligand, and optionally, a zwitterionic polymer. Also provided herein is an all-solid-state electrochemical metal cell and methods of making the same, comprising an anode active material, a cathode active material, and a supramolecular organo-ionic electrolyte, wherein the supramolecular organo-ionic electrolyte is positioned between the anode active material and the cathode active material. Further provided herein is a method of deconstructing and recycling the all-solid-state electrochemical metal cell.

Abstract: A storage device that includes a nonvolatile memory device is described. The storage device includes areas and a controller. The controller receives a write command and data from an external host device. The controller then preferentially writes the data in an area associated with a turbo write based on a turbo write policy, or in an area not associated with a turbo write based on a normal write policy. The controller also receives a move command from the external host device and moves data stored in the area to a different area based on the move command.

Abstract: Provided is a semi-permanent hair dye composition, and particularly, a foam-type semi-permanent hair dye composition which is easily applied onto the inner part of the hair due to having high foam forming ability and high foam retention and exhibits less color fading after dyeing and excellent colorability. The semi-permanent hair dye composition includes a pigment penetration agent, a cationic surfactant, and a non-ionic surfactant as well as a basic pigment.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an anti-adhesion composition for wound protection in the form of a film comprising a biocompatible mucoadhesive polymer and a specific swellable polymer. The present disclosure relates to an anti-adhesion agent that is flexible and adheres appropriately to an application site by improving crumbling and adhesion properties, which are problems of existing film-type anti-adhesion agents.

Abstract: Disclosed is an anti-adhesion agent composition which uses a high molecular weight compound having biocompatibility and an oil derived from animals, plants, and minerals so as to improve low viscosity and low strength, which are problems of existing anti-adhesion agents, and prevent adhesion between living tissues. The anti-adhesion composition according to the present disclosure performs a physical barrier function through simple mixing of a polymer material, serving as a physical barrier in its anti-adhesion effect, and a solvent, and remains in the body for a certain period of time, then decomposes, absorbs, and is excreted. The anti-adhesion composition does not interfere with the healing of the wound after surgery, and exhibits an excellent effect of convenient application to the surgical site.

Abstract: This application relates to a composition for diagnosis of leptospirosis and a method for diagnosis of leptospirosis by real-time PCR. For example, the application relates to a pair of primers of SEQ ID NOS: 1 and 2 and a probe of SEQ ID NO: 3, a kit for diagnosis of leptospirosis, comprising the diagnostic composition, and a method for providing information for diagnosis of leptospirosis are provided. The composition and the method can specifically detect L. interrogans IS 1500 gene and exhibit excellent accuracy and sensitivity, compared to conventional well-known detection methods. Thus, the simple method through real-time PCR using the composition allows the quick and accurate diagnosis of leptospirosis.