Abstract: A broadband surge suppression module having an optical coupling channel includes a surge protection circuit unit for eliminating or limiting a surge signal from an input digital signal, a light-emitting circuit unit for receiving an output signal of the surge protection circuit unit, converting the output signal into an optical signal, and transmitting the optical signal, a light-receiving circuit unit for receiving the optical signal from the light-emitting circuit unit, a signal restoration circuit unit for restoring a digital signal from an output signal of the light-receiving circuit unit, and a module casing unit for allowing the surge protection circuit unit, the light-emitting circuit unit, the light-receiving circuit unit, and the signal restoration circuit unit to be located therein, the module casing unit being formed to penetrate through an electromagnetic shielding wall for protecting a control system.

Abstract: A broadband surge suppression module having an optical coupling channel includes a surge protection circuit unit for eliminating or limiting a surge signal from an input digital signal, a light-emitting circuit unit for receiving an output signal of the surge protection circuit unit, converting the output signal into an optical signal, and transmitting the optical signal, a light-receiving circuit unit for receiving the optical signal from the light-emitting circuit unit, a signal restoration circuit unit for restoring a digital signal from an output signal of the light-receiving circuit unit, and a module casing unit for allowing the surge protection circuit unit, the light-emitting circuit unit, the light-receiving circuit unit, and the signal restoration circuit unit to be located therein, the module casing unit being formed to penetrate through an electromagnetic shielding wall for protecting a control system.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an electronic apparatus and method. The electronic includes a photography lens, an eyeball recognition sensor, and a controller. The photography lens acquires an image signal from a subject. The eyeball recognition sensor senses movement of a user's eyeball. The controller recognizes opening and closing of the user's eyelid based on eyeball monitoring information transmitted from the eyeball recognition sensor, and performs a device driving control operation for a reference time period for which the user's eyelid is in a closed state.

Abstract: An apparatus for checking damage to a surge protector and automatically changing a surge protector includes a casing, a current inflow unit supplied with an external current, a current discharge unit configured to supply an inflow current to an external electronic device, surge protectors placed between the current inflow unit and the current discharge unit in parallel, selectively connected to the current inflow unit, and supplied with an electric current, a relay placed between the current inflow unit and the surge protectors and configured to selectively connect the surge protectors to the current inflow unit, and a surge protector damage check unit configured to check whether a surge protector connected to the current inflow unit has been damaged by applying a voltage between the current inflow unit and the current discharge unit.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a protecting device; for protecting a battery effectively by absorbing an impact energy which can be received from a lateral direction of an electrical automobile; and for preventing a secondary damage due to the breakage of the battery, and the present disclosure relates to the battery protecting device of the electrical automobile including: a frame (10) for forming a body of a floor (30) positioned in a lower portion of the electrical automobile (100); and at least one protecting bar (20) positioned inside the frame (10), and the vertical cross-section of the protecting bar (20) is a shape including: a pair of closed spaces (21); and a brim (22) for forming the pair of closed spaces (21), in which the brim (22) is connected between the pair of closed spaces (21) so as to make the pair of closed spaces (21) separated by a predetermined distance.

Abstract: Disclosed are a card socket device and an electronic apparatus including the same. The card socket device includes a seat portion configured to receive an attachable card; and one or more connection terminal portions formed in the seat portion and configured to form an electrical connection with one or more connection pads formed in a bottom surface of the attachable card, wherein the seat portion is configured such that a space accommodating the attachable card is upwardly opened.

Abstract: An apparatus for checking damage to a surge protector and automatically changing a surge protector includes a casing, a current inflow unit supplied with an external current, a current discharge unit configured to supply an inflow current to an external electronic device, surge protectors placed between the current inflow unit and the current discharge unit in parallel, selectively connected to the current inflow unit, and supplied with an electric current, a relay placed between the current inflow unit and the surge protectors and configured to selectively connect the surge protectors to the current inflow unit, and a surge protector damage check unit configured to check whether a surge protector connected to the current inflow unit has been damaged by applying a voltage between the current inflow unit and the current discharge unit.

Abstract: Discounting costs for conversions comprises an advertisement distribution system employing a server configured to receive a bid from an advertisement purchaser, the bid comprising an amount of funds the advertisement purchaser is willing to pay for an action of a user. The system identifies a first request associated with a first advertisement spot and determines an expected value for each of one or more prospective advertisements. The particular advertisement is selected for the advertisement spot based on having the highest expected value for the first request. The system facilitates the distributing the particular advertisement and may facilitate the distributing the advertisement in connection with a second request. If the system receives an indication that the action has been taken, the system discounts a cost associated with the action based on the lowest bid at which the particular advertisement could have still been selected in connection with the requests.

Abstract: A storage device of a storage system includes a device Direct Memory Access (DMA) configured to calculate a data transfer amount based on size information of data provided to a DMA queue; a command manager configured to receive the data transfer amount from the device DMA and to calculate a transfer speed using a speed mode table; and a device interface configured to transfer the transfer speed to a host.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a conductive composition for forming a back electrode of a liquid crystal device, and a formation method of a back electrode using the same. The conductive composition enables the supply of a back electrode having excellent coating uniformity, low surface resistance, high transmittance and surface hardness, and particularly excellent reliability of 500 hours.

Abstract: A method of forming a metal pattern is disclosed. In the method, a metal layer is formed on a base substrate. A photoresist composition is coated on the metal layer to form a coating layer. The photoresist composition includes a binder resin, a photo-sensitizer and a mixed solvent including a first solvent, a second solvent having a higher volatility than the first solvent, and a third solvent having a higher volatility than the second solvent. The coating layer is exposed to light. The coating layer is partially removed to form a photoresist pattern. The metal layer is patterned by using the photoresist pattern as a mask.

Abstract: A photoresist composition, a method of forming a pattern, and a method of manufacturing a thin film transistor substrate, the composition including a solvent, a novolak resin, a diazide-based photo-sensitizer, an acryl compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 1:

Abstract: An image input apparatus includes a receiver configured to receive an input source including at least one of an image source and an audio source from an external device, a communicator configured to enable wireless communication with a display apparatus, and a data processor, being connected with the communication unit, for obtaining an input signal based on the input source, and transmitting the input signal to the display apparatus.

Abstract: A variable frequency microwave pulse generator that includes a high voltage charger for charging with a high voltage, a high pressure gas tank for supplying insulation gas, and an electrode discharge unit. The electrode discharge unit includes a case, an accommodation section defined inside the case, and a pair of electrode sections disposed at one side and the other side of the accommodation section so as to face each other. The pair of electrode sections is spaced apart from each other to define a spark gap therebetween where the insulation gas supplied from the high pressure gas tank is loaded. An annular resonance recess is defined at the central portion of one electrode section of the pair of electrode sections, the depth of the resonance recess being variable in response to an adjustment knob disposed on the case being manipulated.

Abstract: An origin of a reference coordinate system is assigned to one of a plurality of center points, and center point coordinates according to the reference coordinate system are assigned to remaining center points, so that reference marks successively correspond to center points of a plurality of microscopes fixed to a base. Beam position detection marks disposed between the reference marks with exposure points of exposure heads fixed to the base are crossed to assign beam coordinates according to the reference coordinate system to the exposure points. Thus, alignment may be easily and accurately performed, and is effective for increasingly larger apparatuses.

Abstract: A coil unit for a thin film inductor includes an insulating material having double insulating layers of a first and a second insulating layers; and a plurality of coil patterns formed to be embedded in the insulating material. At least one coil pattern among the coil patterns has a thickness different from a thickness of rest of the coil patterns.

Abstract: A data processing apparatus includes an electronic device configured to store data and instructions; a memory card; and a memory card socket in which the memory card is inserted. In certain disclosed systems and methods, the memory card socket includes: an insertion portion through which the memory card is inserted; a lock portion formed around an edge of the insertion portion, and that is configured to control attaching and detaching of the memory card based on instructions received from the electronic device; and a main body including the insertion portion and the lock portion and configured to accommodate the memory card via the insertion portion.

Abstract: Disclosed are a card socket device and an electronic apparatus including the same. The card socket device includes a seat portion configured to receive an attachable card; and one or more connection terminal portions formed in the seat portion and configured to form an electrical connection with one or more connection pads formed in a bottom surface of the attachable card, wherein the seat portion is configured such that a space accommodating the attachable card is upwardly opened.

Abstract: A coil unit for the thin film inductor includes an insulating material and a coil pattern. The coil pattern includes an inner plating layer embedded in the insulating layer, a growth conductive layer formed on a surface of the inner plating layer and formed on a top surface and a bottom surface of the insulating layer and an outer plating layer formed on the top surface and the bottom surface of the insulating material by plating and growing based on the growth conductive layer.

Abstract: A memory controller, a data processing system, and an electronic device are provided. The memory controller is configured to share a function of one of an internal storage and an external storage in a union mode in which the external storage and the internal storage are logically unified with each other.