Abstract: A composite membrane including ion conductive inorganic particles; and a polymer layer, wherein the ion conductive inorganic particles penetrate the polymer layer. Also, a preparation method thereof, and a lithium-air battery including the composite membrane.

Abstract: A laser apparatus includes a laser generator configured to generate a first laser beam proceeding along a first direction, and an inversion module configured to convert the first laser beam to a second laser beam proceeding along the first direction, the inversion module including a splitter configured to form a reflected laser beam by partially reflecting the first laser beam, and a transmitted laser beam by partially transmitting the first laser beam, and a prism configured to reflect the reflected laser beam.

Abstract: A method for preparing a porous carbon material by using coal tar generated in a coke oven gas (COG) process is provided. The method includes: removing quinoline insoluble (QI) by mixing tetrahydrofuran (THF) with coal tar generated in a COG purification process; distilling coal tar by adding a phenolic resin to the QI-removed coal tar, and heating the same at a temperature of 100° C. to 330° C.; carbonizing the distilled coal tar by heating the same at 350° C. to 600° C.; mixing a carbide after the carbonization step and the coal tar, which has been distilled before the carbonization, and grinding/granulating the same; mixing the ground/granulated carbide and the coal tar, which has been distilled before the carbonization, with a pore forming agent, and heat treating the same at 300° C. to 500° C.; and forming pores by making the heat treated carbon material come into contact with water vapor at 700° C. to 1000° C.

Abstract: A display device may include a thin film transistor disposed on a substrate, and a display element electrically connected to the thin film transistor. The thin film transistor may include an active pattern including polycrystalline silicon, a gate insulation layer disposed on the active pattern, and a gate electrode disposed on the gate insulation layer. An average value of grain sizes of the active pattern may be in a range of about 400 nm to about 800 nm. An RMS value of a surface roughness of the active pattern may be about 4 nm or less. A method of manufacturing a polycrystalline silicon layer may include cleaning an amorphous silicon layer with hydrofluoric acid, rinsing the amorphous silicon layer with hydrogenated deionized water, and irradiating the amorphous silicon layer with a laser beam having an energy density of about 440 mJ/cm2 to about 490 mJ/cm2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to: an organic compound represented by Chemical Formula 1; a composition for an organic optoelectronic diode containing the organic compound; and an organic optoelectronic diode to which the organic compound or the composition is applied. In Chemical Formula 1, Z, R1 to R11, and n1 to n4 are the same as those defined in the specification.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fluid supply apparatus, that is, a fluid supply apparatus configured to supply a fluid having a predetermined temperature to a chamber. The fluid supply apparatus according to the present invention includes a supply line through which a fluid to be supplied to a chamber flows, at least one bypass line which branches off from a first branch portion of the supply line and connected to a second branch portion of the supply line, and a heater configured to heat the fluid flowing through the bypass line.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a substrate processing apparatus, and more specifically, to a substrate processing apparatus capable of blocking the introduction of external air and external particles into a chamber by forming an air curtain at a loading/unloading part when the chamber is open. The substrate processing apparatus of the present disclosure includes a chamber in which a space is formed, and a fluid injection part configured to inject a fluid from an outer side of a substrate loading/unloading part of the chamber through which a substrate is loaded and unloaded.

Abstract: A method of operating a decoder, which has variable nodes and check nodes, includes receiving variable-to-check (V2C) messages from the variable nodes using a first check node among the check nodes. The number of messages having a specific magnitude among the V2C messages is counted. The magnitude of a check-to-variable (C2V) message to be transmitted to a first variable node, among the variable nodes, is determined based on the count value and the magnitude of a V2C message of the first variable node.

Abstract: An ice storage includes a storage body having a storage space for storing ice and a discharge port for discharging ice to the outside, a transferring and breaking part which, by having at least a part thereof provided in the storage space, transfers the ice in the storage space to the discharge port, and if necessary, breaks the transferred ice, and a door part allowing the ice to be discharged through the discharge port as unbroken ice or broken ice unbroken or broken up by the transferring and breaking part. The transferring and breaking part includes a transferring member for transferring ice and a breaking member for breaking ice, and the transferring member and the breaking member are configured such that ice is not stuck therebetween while being transferred.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for controlling a structural member design considering constructability of formwork, comprising: an initial input step S10 wherein drawing information including structural member information is inputted from an input unit; a recognition step S20 wherein space information and structural members are recognized from the drawing information; a space partitioning step S30 wherein arrangement spaces in which previously set standard forms are arranged are determined; a form arrangement step S40 wherein the previously set standard forms are virtually arranged; a coordinate determination step S50 wherein the coordinate positions of the previously set standard forms are recognized; and an optimization step S60 wherein the variable information of the structural members is changed.

Abstract: A composition for an organic optoelectronic device an organic optoelectronic device, and a display device, the composition including a first compound; a second compound; and a third compound, wherein the first compound, the second compound, and the third compound are different from each other, the first compound is represented by Chemical Formula I, the second compound is represented by Chemical Formula I, and the third compound is represented by Chemical Formula II or Chemical Formula III:

Abstract: A composition for an organic optoelectronic device, an organic optoelectronic device, and a display device, the composition including a first compound; a second compound; and a third compound, the first compound, the second compound, and the third compound are different from each other, the first compound is represented by Chemical Formula I, the second compound is represented by Chemical Formula II or Chemical Formula III, and the third compound is represented by Chemical Formula II or Chemical Formula III,

Abstract: A metal-air battery including: a negative electrode metal layer; a negative electrode electrolyte layer disposed on the negative electrode metal layer; a positive electrode layer disposed on the negative electrode electrolyte layer, the positive electrode layer comprising a positive electrode material which is capable of using oxygen as an active material; and a gas diffusion layer disposed on the positive electrode layer, wherein the negative electrode electrolyte layer is between the negative electrode metal layer and the positive electrode layer; wherein the negative electrode metal layer, the negative electrode electrolyte layer, and the positive electrode layer are disposed on the gas diffusion layer so that the positive electrode layer contacts a lower surface and an opposite upper surface of the gas diffusion layer, and wherein one side surface of the gas diffusion layer is exposed to an outside.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for generating a three-dimensional image of a polymer substance. The three-dimensional image generating apparatus of the present invention comprises: a specimen state adjustor for adjusting a temperature or pressure of a solid specimen in order to maintain, in a solid state, the solid specimen including a plurality of polymer substances; an image collector for collecting a partial image of the plurality of polymer substances exposed on a surface of the solid specimen; a low molecule image database for storing an image of an element low molecule substance; and an image processor for generating a three-dimensional image of the polymer substance by matching the collected partial image with an image in the low molecule image database.

Abstract: Provided is a display device. The display device includes: a substrate; a gate line disposed on the substrate; a transistor including a part of the gate line; and a light-emitting element connected to the transistor, in which the gate line includes a first layer including aluminum or an aluminum alloy, a second layer including titanium nitride, and a third layer including metallic titanium nitride. An N/Ti molar ratio of the metallic titanium nitride may be in a range from about 0.2 to about 0.75.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a gyro sensor calibration method based on vehicle velocity, which can extract a weighting factor in consideration of vehicle velocity, apply the extracted weighting factor to an extended Kalman filter, and accurately calibrate a gyro sensor in real time, in order to prevent accumulation of scale factor calibration errors, which may occurs as a turning radius is changed depending on vehicle velocity in a turning section, when a GNSS-based dead reckoning (DR) system calibrates a scale factor of the gyro sensor through the extended Kalman filter using GNSS information received in the turning section.

Abstract: A wideband pulse detector and a method for operating the wideband pulse detector. The wideband pulse detector includes a signal collection unit for receiving electromagnetic pulses, a signal classification unit for classifying the electromagnetic pulses into N channels (where N is an integer of 2 or more) depending on frequency components corresponding to the electromagnetic pulses, a signal detection unit for detecting and holding the classified pulses, and a signal processing unit for converting the held pulses into digital signals, identifying types of the electromagnetic pulses corresponding to the converted digital signals using a classification algorithm, determining signal strengths of the electromagnetic pulses, and then controlling a reset circuit for successive signal detection.

Abstract: A method of preparing a conjugated diene-based polymer is provided. The method includes: adding a conjugated diene-based monomer, a catalyst, and a solvent to parallel polymerization reactors, performing a polymerization reaction to prepare a first polymer solution including a first conjugated diene-based polymer; and adding the first polymer solution to a polymerization reactor connected in series to the parallel polymerization reactors, performing the polymerization reaction to prepare a second polymer solution including a second conjugated diene-based polymer. After the polymerization reaction in the series polymerization reactor, gas produced by polymerization heat is condensed in the series polymerization reactor and refluxed to the parallel polymerization reactors, and a reaction temperature of the series polymerization reactor is maintained to be lower than a reaction temperature of the parallel polymerization reactors by 10° C. or more.

Abstract: A method of operating a decoder, which has variable nodes and check nodes, includes receiving variable-to-check (V2C) messages from the variable nodes using a first check node among the check nodes. The number of messages having a specific magnitude among the V2C messages is counted. The magnitude of a check-to-variable (C2V) message to be transmitted to a first variable node, among the variable nodes, is determined based on the count value and the magnitude of a V2C message of the first variable node.

Abstract: A polar code encoding and decoding method includes generating a first and second sub-codewords. The sub-codewords correspond to pre-codewords, and the pre-codewords have a shared data aspect. The sub-codewords provide useful error-recovery for data stored in a memory. When data is read from the memory, decoding takes place. The data read operation may include hard decision decoding, soft decision decoding, or hard decision decoding followed by soft decision decoding. In the method, the shared data aspect is used to decode a first sub-codeword for which decoding was not initially successful. An apparatus is also provided.