Abstract: Disclosed is a ground heat exchange system including a heat exchange pipe including a borehole surface and an inner pipe to be inserted into the borehole surface, and installed to penetrate the ground, a circulation pump configured to inject a fluid between the borehole surface and the inner pipe and discharge a heated fluid from the inner pipe, a heat exchanger configured to exchange heat using the fluid discharged from the inner pipe, and at least one wing portion disposed between the borehole surface and the inner pipe and configured to reduce heat transfer between a fluid flowing between the borehole surface and the inner pipe and a fluid flowing in the inner pipe.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a side diaphragm with a waterproof function that can resist a water pressure over 1 atm. According to the present invention, there is provided a side diaphragm with a waterproof function that is provided in a microspeaker, the side diaphragm including a planar center portion, a planar outer peripheral portion, and a ring-shaped dome portion projecting upward between the center portion and the outer peripheral portion, wherein there is no perforated part and the dome portion does not have additional pleats.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery module includes: a plurality of unit cells arranged along a first direction; a bus bar holder on the unit cells; a bus bar in the bus bar holder electrically connecting the unit cells; first and second end plates on opposite ends of the unit cells in the first direction; and a side plate on opposite ends of the unit cells in a second direction intersecting the first direction and connected to the end plates, wherein the bus bar comprises a first member extending in the first direction and connected to electrode terminals of the unit cells, and a second member connected to the first member.

Abstract: A method of controlling charging/discharging of battery packs in an energy storage system (ESS) includes designating first battery packs, managed by a first battery management system (BMS), as a charging group and designating second battery packs, managed by a second BMS, as a discharging group. The method further includes controlling the first BMS to permit only the first battery packs designated as the charging group to undergo a charging operation when the ESS is operated in a charging mode, and controlling the second BMS to permit only the second battery packs designated as the discharging group to undergo a discharging operation when the ESS is operated in a discharging mode.

Abstract: A method for transmitting and receiving data between a micro processing unit (MPU) and a memory operating with different operating voltages in a programmable logic controller (PLC) is provided. In one embodiment, the method includes outputting, by the MPU, a chip select (CS) signal and an address signal to read requested data from the memory, outputting, by an OR gate, an activation signal for activating a data input buffer, the OR gate receiving the CS signal and the address signal, and outputting, by an access signal output buffer, a memory access signal for operation of the memory, the access signal output buffer receiving the CS signal and the address signal. The method further includes outputting the requested data to the data input buffer, and outputting, by the data input buffer, the requested data to the MPU when the requested data is received by the data input buffer from the memory.

Abstract: A flexible film includes a base film including an edge portion which extends in a first direction, a plurality of wirings disposed on the base film, and a plurality of pads which is disposed in the edge portion of the base film and connected to the plurality of wirings. The plurality of pads disposed in the edge portion include a plurality of horizontal pads horizontally arranged in the first direction to define a pad row extended in the first direction; and a vertical pad including a plurality of vertically arranged pads arranged in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, within a same pad row in which the plurality of horizontal pads are horizontally arranged.

Abstract: A stone cutting device configured to cut a workpiece with a plurality of cutting tools by swinging the cutting tools within a predetermined angle range. Each of the cutting tools includes: a blade extending in a length direction of the workpiece; and at least one cutting tip disposed on an end of the blade and protruding from the blade in a width direction of the blade so as to cut the workpiece while being reciprocated in a swinging motion. The stone cutting device includes a frame unit configured to combine and reciprocate the cutting tools and individually adjust tension in each of the cutting tools. The frame unit includes an actuator applying tension to the cutting tools so as to apply a load of 8 tons to 27 tons to each of the cutting tools.

Abstract: A battery module includes a plurality of battery cells aligned in one direction, each battery cell of the plurality of battery cells including a terminal portion on a first surface of a respective battery cell, a bus-bar electrically connect between the terminal portions of the plurality of battery cells, and a bus-bar holder positioned on the first surfaces of the plurality of battery cells, the bus-bar holder including support portions configured to support two different surfaces of the bus-bar, respectively.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing a hydrogel, including the steps of: preparing an enzyme-immobilized support; making contacting with a polymer having a phenol or aniline functional group at a side change and the support in the presence of hydrogen peroxide to cross-link the same; and obtaining a hydrogel by separating the enzyme-immobilized support. According to the present invention, a hydrogel is formed by cross-linking a polymer having a phenol or aniline functional group at a side chain through an enzyme-immobilized support, and thus a hydrogel containing no enzymes is obtained. Therefore, the biomedical application range of a hydrogel can be expanded since it is possible to overcome an in vivo safety problem such as immune reaction caused by an enzyme.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an assembly-type ornament. The assembly-type ornament includes: a male body placed on an outer surface of a coupling object having a mounting hole formed therethrough and including an insert protruding from one surface thereof to be inserted into the mounting hole and a locking groove formed along an outer circumferential surface of the insert; and a female body placed inside the coupling object and including a holder protruding from one surface thereof and formed with an insertion hole receiving the insert and a locking protrusion formed on an inner circumferential surface of the holder to be engaged with the locking groove.

Abstract: A display device include a display panel with first and second substrates facing each other, a window part provided on the display panel and including a light-blocking region provided at an edge region thereof, an adhesive part provided between the display panel and the window part, and a plurality of optical patterns provided on an edge region of a bottom surface of the first substrate.

Abstract: A microspeaker includes a frame, magnetic circuit, voice coil configured to generate vibration by mutual electromagnetic force with the magnetic circuit, vibration plate configured to vibrate together according to the vibration of the voice coil to generate a sound, and suspension configured to guide a vibration direction of the vibration plate and voice coil. The suspension has a central portion attached to the voice coil, an annular outer circumferential portion formed to be spaced apart from the central portion by a predetermined interval, and a connection portion connecting the central and outer circumferential portions and configured to perform a damping function. The central portion has an outer end having the same height as the connection and outer circumferential portions, an inner end positioned to be higher than the outer end, and a step portion connecting the outer end and inner end. The voice coil is attached to the inner end.

Abstract: A mobile system may comprise a three-dimensional (3D) image sensor on a first surface of the mobile system configured to perform a first sensing to detect proximity of a subject and a second sensing to recognize a gesture of the subject by acquiring distance information for the subject; and/or a display device on the first surface of the mobile system to display results of the first sensing and the second sensing. A mobile system may comprise a light source unit; a plurality of depth pixels; and/or a plurality of color pixels. The light source unit, the plurality of depth pixels, or the plurality of color pixels may be activated based on an operation mode of the mobile system.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing an arrangement pattern includes an input unit configured to receive an input of group information of groups, the groups comprising a plurality of components having the same function and being classified based on a predetermined standard; an arrangement pattern calculation unit configured to determine an arrangement pattern for arranging the plurality of components on a printed circuit board (PCB) so that first components of a first group of the groups are dispersedly arranged amongst the plurality of components based on the group information of the groups; and an output unit configured to output the determined arrangement pattern.

Abstract: The image sensor includes a pixel array including a plurality of unit pixels each including a single transistor and a photodiode connected to a body of the single transistor, a row driver block configured to enable one of a plurality of rows in the pixel array to enter a readout mode, and a readout block configured to sense and amplify a pixel signal output from each of a plurality of unit pixels included in the row that has entered the readout mode.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for controlling a flow control valve for a high-pressure fuel pump include: a pressure sensor for fuel in a delivery pipe; a control unit for controlling an operation of a flow control valve by controlling a current applied to a coil; a power switching unit for supplying or blocking driving power supplied to the flow control valve based on a control signal of the control unit; and a current adjustment unit electrically connected/disconnected with the flow control valve by the power switching unit to reduce a current supplied to the flow control valve when the current adjustment unit is connected with the flow control valve. Therefore, a noise and a vibration by collision between the plunger and the core upon closing the flow control valve may be attenuated by adjusting a current amount applied to the coil.

Abstract: Provided are an injectable tissue adhesive hydrogel including gamma-cyclodextrin (?-CD). When such an injectable tissue adhesive hydrogel including the ?-CD is used as a skin glue, based on a fact that the ?-CD has a bigger hydrophobic cavity than that of ?- and ?-CDs, the injectable tissue adhesive hydrogel including the ?-CD has stronger interactions than host-guest interactions. In addition, hydrogen bonding in the injectable tissue adhesive hydrogel including the ?-CD can improve both cohesiveness and adhesiveness of gelatin. The injectable tissue adhesive hydrogel including the ?-CD having excellent cell viability is used for adhesion of a skin incision, to thereby effectively promote tissue regeneration.

Abstract: A battery module includes a first battery cell, the first battery cell having a first electrode terminal and a second electrode terminal, a first end block adjacent to the first battery cell, the first end block having a first power terminal portion, and a connection portion electrically connecting the first electrode terminal to the first power terminal portion.