Abstract: Disclosed is a semiconductor memory device including a peripheral gate structure on a substrate, bitlines disposed on the peripheral gate structure and extending in a first direction, a protruding insulating pattern including channel trenches, extending in a second direction intersecting the first direction, channel structures disposed on the bitlines in the channel trenches and including a metal oxide, first wordlines disposed on the channel structures and extending in the second direction, second wordlines disposed on the channel structures, extending in the second direction, and spaced apart from the first wordlines in the first direction, landing pads disposed on the channel structures and connected to the channel structures, pad separation patterns disposed on the protruding insulating pattern and separating the landing pads, first passage patterns connected to the protruding insulating pattern through pad separation patterns and formed of an oxide-based insulating material, and data storage patterns dis

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for generating image data, and systems thereof determine position information of a transceiving device by using characteristics of an electric wave transmitted from the transceiving device; set a region of interest (ROI) in an image by using the determined position information of the transceiving device; and generate an output image.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for generating image data, and systems thereof determine position information of a transceiving device by using characteristics of an electric wave transmitted from the transceiving device; set a region of interest (ROI) in an image by using the determined position information of the transceiving device; and generate an output image.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for smart key management are disclosed. The apparatus for smart key management can receive a smart key duplicate request message from a user terminal, perform user authentication using terminal information or user information included in the smart key duplicate request message, duplicate a registered smart key corresponding to the terminal information or the user information if the result the user authentication is authentication success, and transmit the duplicated smart key to a target terminal using the target terminal information.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for smart key management are disclosed. The apparatus for smart key management can receive a smart key duplicate request message from a user terminal, perform user authentication using terminal information or user information included in the smart key duplicate request message, duplicate a registered smart key corresponding to the terminal information or the user information if the result the user authentication is authentication success, and transmit the duplicated smart key to a target terminal using the target terminal information.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for acquiring an image in a portable terminal includes a camera processor and an application processor. The camera processor includes a camera sensor and an image storage unit storing an image acquired through the camera sensor, and is driven independently from the application processor. The application processor is driven independently from the camera processor and drives a specific application while the camera processor operates to permit simultaneous processing of an image and another function or functions of the portable terminal.