Abstract: An image decoding method and apparatus and an image encoding method and apparatus are discussed. The image decoding method can include deriving an intra prediction mode of a current block, deriving reference samples including left or upper reference samples for an intra prediction on the current block, and generating a predicted block by performing the intra prediction on the current block based on the intra prediction mode and the reference samples. Based on that the intra prediction mode of the current block is a DC mode and a height of the current block is equal to a width of the current block, the intra prediction of the current block is performed by using an average value of the left reference samples adjacent to a left boundary of the current block and the upper reference samples adjacent to an upper boundary of the current block.

Abstract: An mage decoding method and apparatus and an image encoding method and apparatus are discussed. The image decoding method can include deriving an intra prediction mode of a current block, deriving reference samples being left or upper reference samples for an intra prediction on the current block, and generating a predicted block by performing the intra prediction on the current block based on the intra prediction mode and the reference samples. Based on that the intra prediction mode of the current block is a DC mode and a height of the current block is equal to a width of the current block, the intra prediction of the current block is performed by using an average value of the left reference samples adjacent to a left boundary of the current block and the upper reference samples adjacent to an upper boundary of the current block.

Abstract: An image decoding method and apparatus and an image encoding method and apparatus are discussed. The image decoding method can include deriving an intra prediction mode of a current block, deriving reference samples including left or upper reference samples for an intra prediction on the current block, and generating a predicted block by performing the intra prediction on the current block based on the intra prediction mode and the reference samples. Based on that the intra prediction mode of the current block is a DC mode and a height of the current block is equal to a width of the current block, the intra prediction of the current block is performed by using an average value of the left reference samples adjacent to a left boundary of the current block and the upper reference samples adjacent to an upper boundary of the current block.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an intra prediction method and apparatus. The image decoding method according to the present invention may comprise decoding information on intra prediction; and generating a prediction block by performing intra prediction for a current block based on the information on intra prediction. The information on intra prediction may include information on an intra prediction mode, and the intra prediction mode may include a curved intra prediction mode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image encoding/decoding method and device. The image decoding method according to the present invention comprises the steps of: decoding a prediction mode index; determining whether the prediction mode index indicates function-based intra prediction; inducing a parameter (s) for generating a function, when the prediction mode index indicates the function-based intra prediction; generating the function on the basis of the induced parameter (s); and performing intra prediction by using the generated function.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image encoding/decoding method and apparatus. An image encoding method according to the present invention may comprise generating a transform block by performing at least one of transform and quantization; grouping at least one coefficient included in the transform block into at least one coefficient group (CG); scanning at least one coefficient included in the coefficient group; and encoding the at least one coefficient.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image encoding method and an image decoding method. The image decoding method includes partitioning a picture into a plurality of coding units, constructing a coding unit group including at least one coding unit of the plurality of coding units, obtaining coding information in units of one coding unit group, and decoding at least one coding unit of the plurality of coding units included in the coding unit group by using the obtained coding information.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an intra prediction method and apparatus. The image decoding method according to the present invention may comprise decoding information on intra prediction; and generating a prediction block by performing intra prediction for a current block based on the information on intra prediction. The information on intra prediction may include information on an intra prediction mode, and the intra prediction mode may include a curved intra prediction mode.

Abstract: An image encoding/decoding method and apparatus for predicting a second color component block using a first color component block are provided. An image decoding method of the present invention comprises deriving a prediction parameter using the first color component block, and predicting the second color component block using the derived prediction parameter.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an intra prediction method and apparatus. The image decoding method according to the present invention may comprise decoding information on intra prediction; and generating a prediction block by performing intra prediction for a current block based on the information on intra prediction. The information on intra prediction may include information on an intra prediction mode, and the intra prediction mode may include a curved intra prediction mode.

Abstract: A nanoscale thin film structure and implementing method thereof, and, more specifically, a nanoscale thin film structure of which target structure is designed with quantized thickness, and a method to implement the nanoscale thin film structure by which the performance of the manufactured nanodevice can be implemented the same as the designed performance, thereby applicable to high sensitivity high performance electronic/optical sensor devices.

Abstract: Disclosed is an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus capable of easily obtaining an ultrasonic image for the same position of the same target object at different points of time. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus includes a probe configured to obtain ultrasonic data for an arbitrary position inside a target object, an image generator to generate an ultrasonic image for the arbitrary position using the ultrasonic data, a reference member provided to be in contact with the target object to set a reference position in the target object, a marker disposed on one side of the reference member, a sensor disposed on one side of the probe and configured to obtain a positional relationship with the marker, and a position calculator configured to calculate a positional relationship between the reference position and the arbitrary position using the positional relationship between the marker and the sensor.

Abstract: An ultrasonic probe and an ultrasonic imaging apparatus are disclosed. The ultrasonic probe includes a vibration generator for transferring sound beneficial to a fetus so as to transmit the sound signal to the fetus more efficiently than a conventional ultrasonic probe. An ultrasonic probe includes a transducer configured to transmit an ultrasonic signal to an object or receive an ultrasonic signal reflected from the object. The ultrasonic probe includes a frame and a vibration generator. The vibration generator is located in the frame, and generates vibration when the ultrasonic probe contacts the object in such a manner that the generated vibration is transferred to a fetus of the object.

Abstract: A smart design system provides a mobile application design and a simulation function, a business model including the smart design system, and a method of operating the smart design system. A method of operating a smart design system includes selecting at least one product of a plurality of products by searching a database storing information related to the plurality of products. The method includes designing an application that includes the selected at least one product. The designing may be used to produce the application. The method includes providing at least one recommended product of the plurality of products. The recommended product is applicable to the application. The method includes providing a market trend analysis. The market trend analysis is generated by searching for information related to a market trend of at least one of the plurality of products applicable to the application.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to reproduce a media file including reading mapping information from a predetermined position of the media file, searching for a sound field effect file of the media file by referring to the mapping information, and setting an equalizer of the audio data on the basis of the sound field effect file. A user can reproduce a media file by using an optimized equalizer of each media file even though the user himself does not set the equalizer. Also, since an equalizer setting of the reproducing apparatus can be applied to another reproducing apparatus, a user can enjoy listening to a media file in the other reproducing apparatus under the same reproducing conditions as those of the reproducing apparatus.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to reproduce a media file including reading mapping information from a predetermined position of the media file, searching for a sound field effect file of the media file by referring to the mapping information, and setting an equalizer of the audio data on the basis of the sound field effect file. A user can reproduce a media file by using an optimized equalizer of each media file even though the user himself does not set the equalizer. Also, since an equalizer setting of the reproducing apparatus can be applied to another reproducing apparatus, a user can enjoy listening to a media file in the other reproducing apparatus under the same reproducing conditions as those of the reproducing apparatus.

Abstract: A firmware upgrade system searches for and upgrades to a new version of firmware without a user's attendance. The firmware upgrade system includes a user terminal to generate a search command signal while unattended by the user to initiate a search for a new version of electric appliance firmware, and a server to determine whether the new version of electric appliance firmware is present in response to the search command signal. The new version of electric appliance firmware, if present on the server, is transmitted to the user terminal and replaces the firmware in firmware storage if the new version of firmware is more recent than the firmware in firmware storage.

Abstract: A self-refresh method and refresh control circuit of a semiconductor memory device, wherein after the self-refresh mode starts, the burst refresh mode is performed prior to the self-refresh mode; or the self-refresh mode is performed immediately after going into the self-refresh mode, and the burst refresh mode is performed at the completion of the self-refresh mode, and then the burst refresh mode is converted to the normal access mode; or the burst refresh mode is performed before and after the self-refresh mode, thereby shortening a refresh regulation time and securing a stable refresh of the memory cells.

Abstract: A high density semiconductor device is provided with an improved voltage pumping (bootstrapping) circuit. The voltage pumping circuit generates at an initial power-up state a first output voltage which is substantially identical to the memory device source supply voltage. The pumping circuit then pumps the first output voltage up to a second output voltage which is higher than the first output voltage. The pumping operation is achieved prior to or upon the semiconductor memory device being enabled in response to a series of pulses output from an oscillator.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device divided into a number of main blocks each main block having a number of subblocks selects a single main block and enables the subblocks of the selected main block, so as to reduce the power consumptions. The semiconductor memory device includes a block selector for selecting one of the main blocks in response to row address signals, a number of first boost circuits for selecting the subblocks of the selected main block in response to the row address signals, and a number of second boost circuits adapted to be disabled in response to the row address signals.