Abstract: A display panel can include a substrate, a light-emitting element including an emission region on the substrate, a reference voltage line adjacent to the light-emitting element, and a branch line connected to the reference voltage line to apply a reference voltage to light-emitting element. The light-emitting element can emit light on the emission region in a direction of the substrate. Further, the branch line can include a semiconductor layer, and the semiconductor layer of the branch line can overlap the emission region.

Abstract: An automated method for generating a prosthesis from a 3D scan data, the method includes automatically extracting tooth information of a tooth included in the 3D scan data from the 3D scan data, automatically extracting a margin line of a prepared tooth, generating a plurality of two dimensional (“2D”) images including the prepared tooth and an adjacent tooth adjacent to the prepared tooth, automatically generating a 3D temporary prosthesis data based on the plurality of 2D images and deforming a single tooth model corresponding to the prepared tooth using the margin line and the 3D temporary prosthesis data to generate a 3D prosthesis data.

Abstract: Neuronal excitation and inhibition of the brain is tracked in the hippocampal CA1 network during a latent period, wherein biomarkers are observed which include a sustained increase in the firing rate of the excitatory postsynaptic field activity, paired with a subsequent decrease in the firing rate of the inhibitory postsynaptic field activity; the mean amplitude profiles of both fEPSP and fEPSP field potential activity during the latent period have characteristic shapes; both excitatory and inhibitory CA1 field activity firing rates are observed to follow a circadian rhythm that drifts during epileptogenesis; the circadian rhythms described are in-phase in controls and anti-phase during epileptogenesis; and the fEPSP rate drifts from a circadian rhythm to a greater extent than the fEPSP rate. An additional biomarker is a change in a circadian rhythm of core body temperature. Therapeutic measures can include thermal, chemical, or electrical modulation, in an open or closed loop process.

Abstract: Neuronal excitation and inhibition of the brain is tracked in the hippocampual CA1 network during a latent period, wherein biomarkers are observed which include a sustained increase in the firing rate of the excitatory postsynaptic field activity, paired with a subsequent decrease in the firing rate of the inhibitory postsynaptic field activity within the CA1 region of the hippocampus; the mean amplitude profiles of both fEPSP and fIPSP field potential activity during the latent period have characteristic shapes; both excitatory and inhibitory CA1 field activity firing rates are observed to follow a circadian rhythm that drifts during epileptogenesis; the circadian rhythms described are in-phase in controls and anti-phase during epileptogenesis; and the fEPSP rate drifts from a circadian rhythm to a greater extent than the fIPSP rate. An additional biomarker is a change in a circadian rhythm of core body temperature.