Abstract: A method of forming a semiconductor device includes forming a molding layer and a supporter layer on a substrate including an etch stop layer, forming a mask layer on the supporter layer, forming a first edge blocking layer on the mask layer, forming a mask pattern by etching the mask layer, forming a hole, forming a lower electrode in the hole, forming a supporter mask layer on the supporter layer, forming a second edge blocking layer on the supporter mask layer, forming a supporter mask pattern by patterning the supporter mask layer, forming a supporter opening passing through the supporter layer, removing the molding layer, forming a capacitor dielectric layer and an upper electrode on the lower electrode, forming an interlayer insulating layer on the upper electrode, and planarizing the interlayer insulating layer. The hole passes through the supporter layer, the molding layer and the etch stop layer.

Abstract: A gamma voltage generator includes a resistor string, a gamma voltage provider, and a power supply string point. The resistor string provides a plurality of string voltages through a plurality of resistor string points. The resistor string is connected between a first gamma power supply voltage and a second gamma power supply voltage. The gamma voltage provider provides a plurality of gamma voltages based on the plurality of string voltages. A power supply string point to which the second gamma power supply voltage is applied is determined as the first gamma power supply voltage is changed. The power supply string point corresponds one of the resistor string points.

Abstract: The semiconductor device includes a substrate including an integrated circuit and a contact that are electrically connected to each other, an insulation layer covering the substrate and including metal lines, and a through electrode electrically connected to the integrated circuit. The insulation layer includes an interlayer dielectric layer on the substrate and an intermetal dielectric layer on the interlayer dielectric layer. The metal lines include a first metal line in the interlayer dielectric layer and electrically connected to the contact, and a plurality of second metal lines in the intermetal dielectric layer and electrically connected to the first metal line and the through electrode. The through electrode includes a top surface higher than a top surface of the contact.

Abstract: A car control system is disclosed. The car control system for controlling a car by being linked with a car control device (electronic control unit, ECU) that is installed inside the car for electronic control of the car can include: an authentication server configured to perform access authentication for a user terminal and configured to generate an authentication result based on least one of terminal information of the user terminal and vehicle identification information; and a car access device configured to be directly connected with the car control device through an internal network of the car and configured to determine whether a car control request for control of the car by the user terminal is to be relayed to the car control device according to the authentication result of the user terminal.

Abstract: An organic optoelectronic device and a display device including the same, the organic optoelectronic device including: an anode and a cathode facing each other; a light-emitting layer positioned between the anode and the cathode; a hole transport layer positioned between the anode and the light-emitting layer; an auxiliary hole transport layer positioned between the hole transport layer and the light-emitting layer; an electron transport layer positioned between the cathode and the light-emitting layer; and an auxiliary electron transport layer positioned between the electron transport layer and the light-emitting layer, wherein the auxiliary electron transport layer includes at least one kind of first compound represented by chemical formula 1, and the auxiliary hole transport layer includes at least one kind of second compound represented by a combination of a moiety represented by chemical formula 2, a moiety represented by chemical formula 3 and a moiety represented by chemical formula 4.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating a 3-dimensional face model includes a multi-view image capturer configured to sense a motion of the mobile device and automatically capture still images from two or more directions; and a 3D model generator configured to generate a 3D face mode using the two or more still images obtained by the multi-view image capturer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an organic photoelectronic device and a display device comprising the organic photoelectronic device, the organic photoelectronic device comprising: an anode; a cathode facing the anode; a light-emitting layer interposed between the anode and cathode; a hole transport layer interposed between the anode and the light-emitting layer; and an auxiliary hole transport layer interposed between the hole transport layer and the light-emitting layer, wherein the hole transport layer comprises a compound represented by Chemical formula I, and the auxiliary hole transport layer comprises a compound represented by Chemical formula II. Chemical formulas I and II are the same as set forth in the description.

Abstract: A cavity filter having a ceramic resonator is disclosed. The disclosed cavity filter may include: a housing in which at least one cavity is formed and which has a ceramic resonator held in the cavity; a ceramic ring joined to an upper part of the ceramic resonator; and a cover joined to one side of the housing, where a through-hole is formed in the ceramic resonator to form a penetration from one side to the other side along one direction, and a metal layer is formed on a surface on the one side of the ceramic resonator, on a surface on the other side of the ceramic resonator, and on the inner perimeter of the through-hole. The disclosed cavity filter can provide the advantage that it can be manufactured as a compact structure.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and method for analyzing a radiography position error or a radiography condition error or both on basis of an x-ray radiograph. The apparatus includes an error data output unit outputting error data indicating that a radiography position or a radiography condition or both are incorrect by analyzing the X-ray radiograph; and an error data record unit recording the error data, wherein the error data output unit includes at least one of: a horizontal alignment error analysis unit analyzing a horizontal alignment error; a vertical alignment error analysis unit analyzing a vertical alignment error; a canine tooth alignment error analysis unit analyzing a canine tooth alignment error; an irradiation condition selection error analysis unit analyzing an irradiation condition selection error; a lead apron wearing error analysis unit analyzing a lead apron wearing error; and a Frankfort line alignment error analysis unit analyzing a Frankfort line alignment error.

Abstract: A dual-display device includes a flexible substrate comprising first and second surfaces opposing each other, the first surface comprising a first area and a second area, the flexible substrate being bent to allow the first and second areas of the first surface to face each other, the second surface comprising first and second areas opposing the first and second areas of the first surface, respectively. The device further includes a first display unit formed over the first area of the second surface of the bent flexible substrate, and realizing an image; a second display unit formed over second area that is opposite to the first area of the second surface of the bent flexible substrate, electrically connected to the first display unit via lines, and realizing another image; and a common driver unit electrically connected to a pad area that extends from the first display unit, and configured to transmit at least a signal to drive the first display unit and the second display unit.

Abstract: Disclosed is a variable bandwidth RF filter. The disclosed filter comprises: a first filter unit having a first bandwidth and a variable-frequency structure; and a second filter unit having a second bandwidth and a variable-frequency structure. The first filter unit and the second filter unit are coupled to a cascade structure, and the bandwidth is adjusted by varying the frequency of the first filter unit and of the second filter unit. The disclosed filter is advantageous in that the variation of the bandwidth can be easily performed using a simple structure.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and method for minimizing a distribution loss which reconstructs the system construction of a distribution system in consideration of section load characteristics of mutually different distribution system. The apparatus for minimizing a distribution loss which determines a loss calculation period for detecting a loss minimization time point using mutually different distribution systems, calculates loss values of mutually different distribution systems set according to each time point of the loss calculation period, and calculates a total loss value, and selects the mutually different distribution systems one by one during the loss calculation period, and calculates a loss value for specific systems of each distribution system in consideration of a change of a section load in each selected distribution system, determines a loss minimization time point using the specific system loss value of each distribution system and the total loss value.

Abstract: A reflective extreme ultraviolet (EUV) mask includes a mask substrate, a reflecting layer on an upper surface of the mask substrate, and an absorbing layer pattern on an upper surface of the reflecting layer, the absorbing layer pattern having an exposing region and a peripheral region, and the absorbing layer pattern including a grating pattern in the peripheral region to reduce reflectivity of light incident on the peripheral region.

Abstract: An organic light emitting display device includes a data driver, a pixel unit, a timing controller, and a power generator. The data driver generates data signals to be supplied to data lines based on gamma voltages. The pixel unit controls the amount of current flowing from a first power supply to a second power supply in each of a plurality of pixels based on the data signals and a reference power voltage. The timing controller limits the maximum brightness of the pixel unit corresponding to a plurality of dimming levels. The first power generator changes the voltage of the first power supply corresponding to the dimming levels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to: a composition for an organic optoelectric diode, containing a first host compound represented by Chemical Formula I and a second host compound represented by Chemical Formula II; an organic optoelectric diode comprising the composition for an organic optoelectric diode; and a display device.

Abstract: An electronic device configured to process an audio signal output from a microphone, and an audio processing method thereof are provided. The electronic device includes at least one speaker; at least one microphone; a signal processor configured to process an audio signal being output from the microphone; and a processor configured to control the signal processor to determine first information regarding an output of the speaker by analyzing at least one speaker input signal being input into the speaker and to determine second information regarding a sound source being input into the microphone by analyzing at least one audio signal being output from the microphone, and to process the at least one audio signal according to at least one of the first and second information.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for cancer treatment containing gossypol and phenformin as active ingredients. Specifically, the combinative treatment with gossypol and phenformin was verified to have a significantly higher anticancer activity than a single treatment with gossypol and phenformin alone. Therefore, the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention containing gossypol and phenformin having a synergetic anticancer activity can be favorably used for cancer treatment.

Abstract: A 3D multifunctional device in which a 3D printer and a 3D scanner are combined and a method for operating the device. The 3D multifunctional device includes a printing unit that includes a nozzle for ejecting material for 3D printing, a scanning unit that includes a light radiation module for radiating light to an object to be scanned and a camera for capturing an image of the object, a head unit for moving the printing unit and the scanning unit in X-axis and Y-axis directions, a bed plate on which the object to be scanned is located or the ejected material is deposited, the bed plate moving in a Z-axis direction, and a control unit for setting a function by selecting 3D scanning or 3D printing, controlling the scanning unit or the printing unit, and controlling the movements of the head unit and bed plate.

Abstract: A method of forming a semiconductor device includes forming a molding layer and a supporter layer on a substrate including an etch stop layer, forming a mask layer on the supporter layer, forming a first edge blocking layer on the mask layer, forming a mask pattern by etching the mask layer, forming a hole, forming a lower electrode in the hole, forming a supporter mask layer on the supporter layer, forming a second edge blocking layer on the supporter mask layer, forming a supporter mask pattern by patterning the supporter mask layer, forming a supporter opening passing through the supporter layer, removing the molding layer, forming a capacitor dielectric layer and an upper electrode on the lower electrode, forming an interlayer insulating layer on the upper electrode, and planarizing the interlayer insulating layer. The hole passes through the supporter layer, the molding layer and the etch stop layer.

Abstract: The disclosure is related to processing volume data of a volume rendered image. In particular, volume data is processed to clearly show a feature region in the volume rendered image. Such processing may include obtaining volume data for producing a volume rendered image from a third entity, generating feature data associated with a feature region in the volume rendered image using the obtained volume data, generating threshold data by setting a predetermined threshold value associated with the feature data, performing a thresholding process on the volume data using the generated threshold data, and emphasizing the feature region by processing the thresholding-processed volume data using the threshold data.