Abstract: Memory devices and methods of forming memory devices including forming a plurality of preliminary electrodes, each of the plurality of preliminary electrodes including a protruding region, protruding from a first mold insulating layer, forming a second mold insulating layer on the first mold insulating layer, removing at least a portion of the plurality of preliminary electrodes to form a plurality of openings in the second mold insulating layer and a plurality of lower electrodes, and forming a plurality of memory elements in the plurality of openings. Memory devices and methods of forming memory devices including forming one or more insulating layers on sidewalls of all or part of a plurality of lower electrodes and/or a plurality of memory elements.

Abstract: Memory devices and methods of forming memory devices including forming a plurality of preliminary electrodes, each of the plurality of preliminary electrodes including a protruding region, protruding from a first mold insulating layer, forming a second mold insulating layer on the first mold insulating layer, removing at least a portion of the plurality of preliminary electrodes to form a plurality of openings in the second mold insulating layer and a plurality of lower electrodes, and forming a plurality of memory elements in the plurality of openings. Memory devices and methods of forming memory devices including forming one or more insulating layers on sidewalls of all or part of a plurality of lower electrodes and/or a plurality of memory elements.

Abstract: A gate-contact structure and a method for forming the same are provided. The structure includes a device isolation layer pattern formed at a semiconductor substrate to define an active region; and a gate electrode and a capping pattern, which are sequentially stacked on the semiconductor substrate across the device isolation layer pattern. The capping pattern includes a first gate contact hole that exposes a top surface of the gate electrode. An interlayer insulation layer pattern including a second gate contact hole is disposed to cover an entire surface of the semiconductor substrate including the gate electrode and the capping pattern. The second gate contact hole penetrates the first gate contact hole to expose the top surface of the gate electrode. A gate contact plug is disposed to be connected to the top surface of the gate electrode through the second gate contact hole.

Abstract: A gate-contact structure and a method for forming the same are provided. The structure includes a device isolation layer pattern formed at a semiconductor substrate to define an active region; and a gate electrode and a capping pattern, which are sequentially stacked on the semiconductor substrate across the device isolation layer pattern. The capping pattern includes a first gate contact hole that exposes a top surface of the gate electrode. An interlayer insulation layer pattern including a second gate contact hole is disposed to cover an entire surface of the semiconductor substrate including the gate electrode and the capping pattern. The second gate contact hole penetrates the first gate contact hole to expose the top surface of the gate electrode. A gate contact plug is disposed to be connected to the top surface of the gate electrode through the second gate contact hole.

Abstract: A gate-contact structure and a method for forming the same are provided. The structure includes a device isolation layer pattern formed at a semiconductor substrate to define an active region; and a gate electrode and a capping pattern, which are sequentially stacked on the semiconductor substrate across the device isolation layer pattern. The capping pattern includes a first gate contact hole that exposes a top surface of the gate electrode. An interlayer insulation layer pattern including a second gate contact hole is disposed to cover an entire surface of the semiconductor substrate including the gate electrode and the capping pattern. The second gate contact hole penetrates the first gate contact hole to expose the top surface of the gate electrode. A gate contact plug is disposed to be connected to the top surface of the gate electrode through the second gate contact hole.

Abstract: Devices that have bonding pads, and methods for fabricating the same. The bonding pads have two conductive layers, and an intermediate layer between them. The intermediate layer has a hybrid configuration of a relatively large conductive plate section, and a mixed plugs/mesh section. The plugs/mesh section has conductive portions interspersed with non-conducting portions, with features that are relatively small in size. The hybrid configuration achieves a proper balance between the plate section for the main electrical contact, and the plugs/mesh section for support and additional current density.

Abstract: A semiconductor device for reinforcing a substructure of a bond pad and a method for fabricating the same are provided. According to an embodiment, a semiconductor device for reinforcing a substructure of a bond pad comprises a semiconductor substrate and a substructure formed on the semiconductor substrate. The semiconductor device further includes an interlevel dielectric layer formed on the substructure. The interlevel dielectric layer includes a contact opening formed therein. The contact opening comprises a plurality of separate dots connected to each other. A contact plug is formed in the contact opening.

Abstract: A semiconductor device for reinforcing a substructure of a bond pad and a method for fabricating the same are provided. According to an embodiment, a semiconductor device for reinforcing a substructure of a bond pad comprises a semiconductor substrate and a substructure formed on the semiconductor substrate. The semiconductor device further includes an interlevel dielectric layer formed on the substructure. The interlevel dielectric layer includes a contact opening formed therein. The contact opening comprises a plurality of separate dots connected to each other. A contact plug is formed in the contact opening.

Abstract: Devices that have bonding pads, and methods for fabricating the same. The bonding pads have two conductive layers, and an intermediate layer between them. The intermediate layer has a hybrid configuration of a relatively large conductive plate section, and a mixed plugs/mesh section. The plugs/mesh section has conductive portions interspersed with non-conducting portions, with features that are relatively small in size. The hybrid configuration achieves a proper balance between the plate section for the main electrical contact, and the plugs/mesh section for support and additional current density.

Abstract: A gate-contact structure and a method for forming the same are provided. The structure includes a device isolation layer pattern formed at a semiconductor substrate to define an active region; and a gate electrode and a capping pattern, which are sequentially stacked on the semiconductor substrate across the device isolation layer pattern. The capping pattern includes a first gate contact hole that exposes a top surface of the gate electrode. An interlayer insulation layer pattern including a second gate contact hole is disposed to cover an entire surface of the semiconductor substrate including the gate electrode and the capping pattern. The second gate contact hole penetrates the first gate contact hole to expose the top surface of the gate electrode. A gate contact plug is disposed to be connected to the top surface of the gate electrode through the second gate contact hole.