Abstract: A water-cooled EGR cooler is to be supplied with exhaust gas from an exhaust line and is to re-circulate the cooled exhaust gas to an intake line. A housing has an exhaust inlet, an exhaust outlet, a coolant inlet, and a coolant outlet. A heat exchange member is disposed in the housing and includes exhaust gas passages from the exhaust inlet to the exhaust outlet at a predetermined interval and also includes a coolant passage through which coolant can flow from the coolant inlet to the coolant outlet between the exhaust gas passages. A pipe member includes a bypass passage formed between an upper surface of the heat exchange member and an inside upper surface of the housing to allow the exhaust gas to bypass the heat exchange member and flow between the upper surface of the heat exchange member and the coolant outlet.

Abstract: An aluminum plate includes a tube having a first surface, through which a coolant flows, and a second surface, through which exhaust gas flows, and configured to exchange heat using a temperature difference between the coolant and the exhaust gas. The tube is formed of an aluminum-based material, and includes Mg and Ti.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) cooler, which cools exhaust gas recirculated from an exhaust line to an intake line of an engine includes a housing provided with an internal space, tubes disposed in the internal space of the housing at a predetermined interval, and a pin disposed at an internal side of the tube, the pin having one side which is in contact with an internal surface of the tube, wherein a coolant flows between the housing and the tube, and exhaust gas flows into the internal side of the tube, and wherein the pin is formed of an aluminum-based material, and the aluminum-based material includes Mg and Ti at a predetermined ratio.

Abstract: A semiconductor test apparatus includes: a tray housing unit configured to house a customer tray loading untested semiconductor chips, secondary semiconductor chips, and non-defective semiconductor chips; a loader configured to locate the untested semiconductor chips supplied from the tray housing unit on a loading set plate and load the untested semiconductor chips onto a test tray; a tester configured to test semiconductor chips loaded on the test tray; an unloader configured to unload semiconductor chips loaded on the test tray, classify the tested semiconductor chips, and locate the classified semiconductor chips on an unloading set plate; and a retest controller configured to transfer the secondary defective semiconductor chips and the non-defective semiconductor chips to the tray housing unit and transfer the first defective semiconductor chips to the loading set plate.

Abstract: According to an exemplary embodiment, a driver circuit for generating a reset pulse of an output waveform includes a plurality of ramp paths, each ramp path being configured to control the slope of the reset pulse. The driver circuit also includes a falling switch configured to selectively hold the output waveform low. The driver circuit further includes a switch controller for selectively enabling the plurality of ramp paths and the falling switch to generate the reset pulse. The switch controller can selectively enable the plurality of ramp paths responsive to a reference setting signal to select the slope of the reset pulse. The driver circuit can also generate a sustain pulse. The driver circuit is can generate the reset pulse and the sustain pulse by driving a transistor.

Abstract: A travel eye mask assembly includes an eye mask connected by elastic straps to a headrest cushion. The headrest cushion includes a first cushion portion, a second cushion portion, and a less cushioned middle portion. The second cushion portion is connected to the first cushion portion through the middle portion. The eye mask includes a left eye patch and a right eye patch. A first strap connects the first cushion portion to the left eye patch, and a second strap connects the second cushion portion to the right eye patch. The first cushion portion is foldable over the second cushion portion when the left eye patch is folded into the right eye patch and the eye mask is disposed between the first and second cushion portions. An inner compartment that contains the eye mask is formed between the first and second cushion portions when the headrest cushion is zipped closed.

Abstract: A body pillow is configurable into multiple shapes using pull strings and toggles. The tubular pillow has an outer covering with first and second arms extending in opposite directions. First and second pull strings exit the outer covering through a first opening in the first arm and a second opening in the second arm. A first toggle clamps the first pull string after the string is pulled tight and the toggle is pushed up against the covering. A second toggle clamps the second string after the toggle is pushed up against the covering after the second string is pulled tight. The pillow is J-shaped when only the first pull string is pulled tight and clamped such that only the first arm is curved. The pillow is C-shaped when both the first and second pull strings are pulled tight and clamped such that both the first and second arms are curved.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for managing a spam message in a messaging service are disclosed. When a user reports a message determined as a spam message, he may directly select a sharing level of his personal information in order to prevent a leakage of the personal information according to a sharing policy, reports the spam message by transmitting only a hash value of the spam message in order to prevent an increase in traffic. With respect to reported spam messages, a user can access a spam server to check an errononeously reported message through a sorting algorithm.

Abstract: A method for delivering a message from a converged IP messaging (CPM) server include: checking registered target terminals that can receive a message from a source terminal based on a user preference; determining whether to deliver a message from the source terminal to the checked target terminal based on the user preference; when the message is determined to be delivered, determining whether to store the message in a message storage server based on the user preference; when the message is determined to be stored, requesting the message storage server to store the message; receiving a response message including information regarding the stored message from the message storage server; and including the information in the message and transmitting the same to the target terminal.

Abstract: Provided is an automated periodic surveillance testing method and apparatus in a digital reactor protection system, which unites a passive testing means such as a self-diagnosis or an on-line state comparison with an active testing means such as an automatic logic test and the like in the digital reactor protection system. Accordingly, a device self-diagnosis, an on-line state diagnosis, and an automatic logic test are used as the automated periodic surveillance testing method in the digital reactor protection system. Thus, the time consumed in a periodic surveillance test can be minimized, thereby saving reactor operating costs, and excessive manpower can be avoided, thereby decreasing potential human errors. Also, a channel detour time at which one of multiple channels is detoured can be minimized based on the automated periodic surveillance test in the digital reactor protection system, thereby enhancing stability.

Abstract: A method that includes receiving a message generated by a source terminal of a requestor; if there are one or more target terminals capable of receiving the message, among plural target terminals of a recipient, transmitting the message to the one or more target terminals, respectively; and transmitting a response message to the source terminal. Also is a method that includes: receiving, from a server, a message generated by a target terminal of a requestor; transmitting, from the mobile terminal to the server, a response message in response to the received message; generating, by the mobile terminal, a reply message in response to the message received from target terminal; transmitting the generated replay message to the server; and synchronizing with the server to receive another message, the another message having been generated by another terminal owned by a same user and intended to be transmitted to the target terminal.

Abstract: Disclosed are an XML document management method for cancelling a specific past operation, and a system using the same. The method comprises identifying an original operation to be cancelled, identifying an XML resource to be cancelled, identifying a previous value of the XML resource to be cancelled, identifying a next value of the XML resource to be cancelled, configuring a cancel operation, and applying the cancel operation to the XML resource to be cancelled.

Abstract: A PDP sustain driver circuit including at least one high voltage gate driver IC (HVIC) having a logic functional block. The PDP sustain driver circuit includes a signal buffer for receiving two input signals and providing the two signals to the logic functional block; and at least four switches including a charging switch, a discharging switch, a sustain switch and a grounding recovery switch, the HVIC providing a unique control signal from the logic functional block to the four switches to control said four switches.

Abstract: A method that includes receiving a message generated by a source terminal of a requestor; if there are one or more target terminals capable of receiving the message, among plural target terminals of a recipient, transmitting the message to the one or more target terminals, respectively; and transmitting a response message to the source terminal. Also is a method that includes: receiving, from a server, a message generated by a target terminal of a requestor; transmitting, from the mobile terminal to the server, a response message in response to the received message; generating, by the mobile terminal, a reply message in response to the message received from target terminal; transmitting the generated replay message to the server; and synchronizing with the server to receive another message, the another message having been generated by another terminal owned by a same user and intended to be transmitted to the target terminal.

Abstract: According to an exemplary embodiment, a driver circuit for generating a reset pulse of an output waveform includes a plurality of ramp paths, each ramp path being configured to control the slope of the reset pulse. The driver circuit also includes a falling switch configured to selectively hold the output waveform low. The driver circuit further includes a switch controller for selectively enabling the plurality of ramp paths and the falling switch to generate the reset pulse. The switch controller can selectively enable the plurality of ramp paths responsive to a reference setting signal to select the slope of the reset pulse. The driver circuit can also generate a sustain pulse. The driver circuit is can generate the reset pulse and the sustain pulse by driving a transistor.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for delivering a message in a converged IP messaging (CPM) server.

Abstract: A pixel cell includes a substrate, an epitaxial layer, and a photo converting device in the epitaxial layer. The epitaxial layer has a doping concentration profile of embossing shape, and includes a plurality of layers that are stacked on the substrate. The photo converting device does not include a neutral region that has a constant potential in the vertical direction. Therefore, the image sensor including the pixel cell has high quantization efficiency, and a crosstalk between photo-converting devices is decreased.

Abstract: Disclosed are an XML document management method for cancelling a specific past operation, and a system using the same. The method comprises identifying an original operation to be cancelled, identifying an XML resource to be cancelled, identifying a previous value of the XML resource to be cancelled, identifying a next value of the XML resource to be cancelled, configuring a cancel operation, and applying the cancel operation to the XML resource to be cancelled.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for managing a spam message in a messaging service are disclosed. When a user reports a message determined as a spam message, he may directly select a sharing level of his personal information in order to prevent a leakage of the personal information according to a sharing policy, reports the spam message by transmitting only a hash value of the spam message in order to prevent an increase in traffic. With respect to reported spam messages, a user can access a spam server to check an errononeously reported message through a sorting algorithm.

Abstract: A circuit for using a high voltage gate driver IC (HVIC) for regulation of external floating voltage sources without use of regulation circuits. The circuit including high and low switches; at least one external voltage source coupled to the high and low switches; an HVIC having at least one internal charge pumping voltage source circuit, the HVIC being coupled to gate terminals of the high and low switches; and at least one charge pumping capacitor coupled to the at least one internal charge pumping voltage source circuit for regulating the external voltage of at least one external voltage source.