Abstract: The present application relates to a method and apparatus for wagering on games that involve the use of playing chips or tokens for wagering. In one form, the present application provides an apparatus for wagering on a game having predetermined rules adapted for at least one or more players to participate by wagering on game outcome events including a playfield having a gaming layout adapted for placement of game elements and a wagering layout adapted for accepting placement of at least one wager. The wagering layout including at least one indicium for accepting placement of an apportioned wager and at least one wagering token. One or a combination of the at least one wagering token and the at least one indicium of the wagering layout provides a single wager that has its value apportioned to a number of outcome events.

Abstract: The present application relates to a method and apparatus for wagering on games that involve the use of playing chips or tokens for wagering. In one form, the present application provides an apparatus for wagering on a game having predetermined rules adapted for at least one or more players to participate by wagering on game outcome events including a playfield having a gaming layout adapted for placement of game elements and a wagering layout adapted for accepting placement of at least one wager. The wagering layout including at least one indicium for accepting placement of an apportioned wager and at least one wagering token. One or a combination of the at least one wagering token and the at least one indicium of the wagering layout provides a single wager that has its value apportioned to a number of outcome events.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to methods of metal oxide nanocrystals preparation. In embodiments, a metal-organic precursor may be economically synthesized by reacting a metal with an organic acid. The organic acid may include an aliphatic chain longer than three carbon atoms. The metal may be In, Sn, Al, Ga, Zn, Cd, Sb, Bi, Ge, Mn, Ti, Nb, V, Cr, Mo, Fe, Y, Mg, Co, as well as mixtures thereof. Further processing of the metal-organic precursor (e.g. by pyrolysis, hydrolysis, or alcoholysis) produces metal oxide nanocrystals of desired characteristics. An metal-organic precursor of indium tin oxide (ITO) may be synthesized by reacting indium metal and tin metal with an organic acid having an aliphatic chain longer than three carbon atoms (e.g. stearic acid) at a temperature above 200° C. Further processing of the resulting metal-organic precursor yields ITO nanocrystals of regular shape, uniform size, and average diameter ranging of between about 1-500 nm.