Abstract: A method and device for separating and recovering heavy metal ions through membrane-forming mineralization fixation, applicable in the domain of acid wastewater treatment containing heavy metal ions. The process involves mixing composite mineral particles with heavy metal acidic wastewater, then conducting a first hydration reaction under static conditions. This leads to adsorption, precipitation, and crystallization of heavy metal ions in the wastewater via a colloidal liquid membrane, resulting in particles coated with a mineralized membrane. These particles exhibit a gap between the mineralized membrane and their core. The next step is to separate these coated particles and recover them. The preparation of composite mineral particles involves mixing sodium carbonate/sodium silicate, bentonite, carbide slag, and water, followed by a second hydration reaction and subsequent granulation, aging, and dehydration condensation. The particle sizes of both bentonite and carbide slag are maintained at ?74 m.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are electronic devices having flat lenses. The flat lens may be combined with an infrared (IR) emitter, an IR sensor, or an image sensor, and/or one or more additional optical lenses or filters. The flat lens may provide a more compact footprint over a conventional curved optical lens. Additionally, the flat lens may be configured to bend light instantaneously, rather than gradually as the light passes through the lens. This may be advantageous in reducing the number of optical lenses within the electronic device and/or size (e.g., thickness) of the overall lens arrangement (as well as the size of the overall electronic device), therein allowing for a more compact configuration for the electronic device.

Abstract: An auto-focus camera (100) can include a lens (102), a sensor (108) for detecting an image from the lens, a first liquid crystal layer (104) between the lens and the sensor, and a second liquid crystal layer (106) between the lens and the sensor and further orthogonally aligned to the first liquid crystal layer. The auto-focus camera can further include an integrated circuit programmed to drive the first liquid crystal layer and the second liquid crystal layer. The auto-focus camera can include a controller (202) programmed to control two orthogonally aligned liquid crystal layers. The liquid crystal layers can serve as an optical anti-alias filter using birefringence properties of the liquid crystal layers. The first liquid crystal layer and the second liquid crystal layer can be orthogonally aligned to achieve polarization insensitive operation of the auto-focus camera.

Abstract: There is herein described a light engine that emits a light. The light engine includes a light source, a light guide, a plurality of extraction optical elements, and a plurality of phosphors. The light guide receives the light. The extraction optical elements are on the surface of the light guide. The extraction optical elements extract at least a portion of the light out of the light guide. The phosphors are disposed on top of at least some of the extraction optical elements.

Abstract: An electronic optical zoom system (100) includes a first lens assembly (101) and a second lens assembly (102). The first lens assembly (101) and the second lens assembly (102) may be adjacently disposed or concentrically disposed. The first lens assembly (101) and second lens assembly (102), in one embodiment, have different magnification configurations. An image sensor (103) captures electronic images of a subject (109). Optical zoom capability is achieved by an alterable electronic optical device (851), such as a switchable mirror (105). The alterable electronic optical device (851) selectively redirects received light between a first optical path (107) from a reflective surface (106) to a second optical path (117) from the alterable electronic optical device (851) depending upon the state of the alterable electronic optical device (851). The electronic optical zoom system (100) thereby provides optical zoom capabilities in a compact package without the need for physically moving lens assemblies.

Abstract: A wavelength-converting structure for a light module including a solid-state light source. The wavelength-converting structure includes a pattern of discrete wavelength-converting sections of wavelength-converting material formed therein, wherein each wavelength-converting section is separated from adjacent wavelength-converting sections by at least one transmissive section. The wavelength-converting sections are comprised of a wavelength-converting material such as a phosphor that converts at least a portion of the light emitted by the solid-state light source into light having a different peak wavelength.

Abstract: A wavelength-converting structure for a light module including a solid-state light source. The wavelength-converting structure includes a plurality of apertures formed therein. The plurality of apertures may be configured to increase conversion efficiency of the wavelength-converting structure or color uniformity.

Abstract: An image capture system is configured to automatically focus upon an object (113) electronically, without moving mechanical parts. In one embodiment, a focal length alteration device (104), examples of which include an electronically switchable mirror (3041,3042) or an interference layer (204), is disposed between a lens assembly (102) and a reflective surface (103). The focal length alteration device (104) is configured to alter the distance light travels from the lens assembly (102) to the image sensor (101). In another embodiment, a light redirection device (1003), such as a phase shifting mirror (703), is configured to alter phases of various polarizations of light. An image processing circuit (105) then resolves images into a single, focused, composite image (113).

Abstract: There is herein described a light engine that emits a light. The light engine includes a light source, a light guide, a plurality of extraction optical elements, and a plurality of phosphors. The light guide receives the light. The extraction optical elements are on the surface of the light guide. The extraction optical elements extract at least a portion of the light out of the light guide. The phosphors are disposed on top of at least some of the extraction optical elements.

Abstract: A camera-movement compensation device includes a first liquid-crystal cell with a pair of parallel transparent plates and a first voltage source coupled to the first liquid-crystal cell and able to apply and alter a first voltage gradient across the plates of the first liquid-crystal cell. The device also includes a second liquid-crystal cell having a pair of parallel transparent plates and disposed so that each of the plates of the second liquid-crystal cell is parallel to the plates of the first liquid-crystal cell and in light communication with at least one wave of light passing through the plates of the first liquid-crystal cell, a second voltage source coupled to the second liquid-crystal cell and able to apply and alter a second voltage gradient across the surfaces of the second liquid-crystal cell, and a movement detector coupled to the voltage sources to alter the slope of the voltage gradients in proportion to a movement.

Abstract: A camera-movement compensation device includes a first liquid-crystal cell with a pair of parallel transparent plates and a first voltage source coupled to the first liquid-crystal cell and able to apply and alter a first voltage gradient across the plates of the first liquid-crystal cell. The device also includes a second liquid-crystal cell having a pair of parallel transparent plates and disposed so that each of the plates of the second liquid-crystal cell is parallel to the plates of the first liquid-crystal cell and in light communication with at least one wave of light passing through the plates of the first liquid-crystal cell, a second voltage source coupled to the second liquid-crystal cell and able to apply and alter a second voltage gradient across the surfaces of the second liquid-crystal cell, and a movement detector coupled to the voltage sources to alter the slope of the voltage gradients in proportion to a movement.

Abstract: An electronic optical zoom system (100) includes a first lens assembly (101) and a second lens assembly (102). The first lens assembly (101) and the second lens assembly (102) may be adjacently disposed or concentrically disposed. The first lens assembly (101) and second lens assembly (102), in one embodiment, have different magnification configurations. An image sensor (103) captures electronic images of a subject (109). Optical zoom capability is achieved by an alterable electronic optical device (851), such as a switchable mirror (105). The alterable electronic optical device (851) selectively redirects received light between a first optical path (107) from a reflective surface (106) to a second optical path (117) from the alterable electronic optical device (851) depending upon the state of the alterable electronic optical device (851). The electronic optical zoom system (100) thereby provides optical zoom capabilities in a compact package without the need for physically moving lens assemblies.

Abstract: An image capture system is configured to automatically focus upon an object (113) electronically, without moving mechanical parts. In one embodiment, a focal length alteration device (104), examples of which include an electronically switchable mirror (3041,3042) or an interference layer (204), is disposed between a lens assembly (102) and a reflective surface (103). The focal length alteration device (104) is configured to alter the distance light travels from the lens assembly (102) to the image sensor (101). In another embodiment, a light redirection device (1003), such as a phase shifting mirror (703), is configured to alter phases of various polarizations of light. An image processing circuit (105) then resolves images into a single, focused, composite image (113).

Abstract: An auto-focus camera (100) can include a lens (102), a sensor (108) for detecting an image from the lens, a first liquid crystal layer (104) between the lens and the sensor, and a second liquid crystal layer (106) between the lens and the sensor and further orthogonally aligned to the first liquid crystal layer. The auto-focus camera can further include an integrated circuit programmed to drive the first liquid crystal layer and the second liquid crystal layer. The auto-focus camera can include a controller (202) programmed to control two orthogonally aligned liquid crystal layers. The liquid crystal layers can serve as an optical anti-alias filter using birefringence properties of the liquid crystal layers. The first liquid crystal layer and the second liquid crystal layer can be orthogonally aligned to achieve polarization insensitive operation of the auto-focus camera.

Abstract: Disclosed are a light guide (750) and an electronic device including a light guide for coupling ambient light to a light sensor. The light guide (750) that is a structure of light-transmitting material having an elongate shape including a first end (752) for receiving ambient light and a second end (754) for collecting ambient light to transmit to a light sensor. The first end (752) of the light guide has a concave shape and the second end (754) of the light guide also has a concave shape. An electronic device may support the light guide and a light sensor. The concave shape of the second end of the light sensor may disperse light toward the light sensor, rather than tightly focusing the light toward the light sensor. Accordingly, the light sensor may have a sensing area that forms a detection plane so that the detection plane is positioned adjacent to the second end.

Abstract: Disclosed are a light guide (750) and an electronic device including a light guide for coupling ambient light to a light sensor. The light guide (750) that is a structure of light-transmitting material having an elongate shape including a first end (752) for receiving ambient light and a second end (754) for collecting ambient light to transmit to a light sensor. The first end (752) of the light guide has a concave shape and the second end (754) of the light guide also has a concave shape. An electronic device may support the light guide and a light sensor. The concave shape of the second end of the light sensor may disperse light toward the light sensor, rather than tightly focusing the light toward the light sensor. Accordingly, the light sensor may have a sensing area that forms a detection plane so that the detection plane is positioned adjacent to the second end.

Abstract: A solid state device (200) for a hybrid vertical cavity of multiple wavelength LEDs is provided. The solid state device can include a hybrid vertical cavity formed by a cascading of a first sub-cavity (210) and a second sub-cavity (220) to share a mirror (350) within the solid state device. The hybrid vertical cavity can collimate the first accumulated light (213) and the second accumulated light (223) to increase an efficiency of total emitted light. In one arrangement, the total emitted light can be directed to a phosphor to generate a white light.

Abstract: A projector system comprises an illumination system, at least one imager, a diffuser, and a projection lens. The illumination system generates a collimated light, which is provided to the imager. The at least one imager modulates the collimated light according to the information required for image formation. The diffuser receives the modulated collimated light, and diffuses it into a divergent light, thereby relaying the image from the imager to the diffuser. The projection lens projects the divergent light on the projection screen.

Abstract: An electronic device (100) with an image capture device (160) includes an illumination mechanism (170). The illumination mechanism (170) includes a light source with a light shaping mechanism adapted and constructed to shape light emitted from the light source into a generally ‘V’ shaped illumination pattern (300).

Abstract: The present invention provides a system for reducing the size of a projection display system. This is achieved by using an emissive imager that comprises a large number of emissive pixels. The emissive pixels provide both light output and light modulation functions. This eliminates the need for a separate illumination source. Each emissive pixel represents a pixel (or a sub-pixel for color projection) of an image to be projected. The light signals produced and modulated by the emissive imager are passed through a microlens array. The microlens array collects and reshapes the emitted light signals from the emissive pixels. Each microlens forms a light beam with a concentrated non-Lambertian radiation profile. The non-Lambertian radiation profile helps in effective collection of light at a projection lens. Finally, the projection lens collects this light and projects a magnified image on a projection screen.