Abstract: A surgical simulator is disclosed. The simulator includes at least one tracking system configured to track movement within a body form, including movement of an instrument located partially within the body form, and a computer receiving data from the tracking system and outputting data to a display. A display displays a virtual background including a virtual image of at least a portion of the instrument, virtual movement of the instrument, and a virtual image of at least one organ. The simulator also includes a physical model corresponding to the at least one organ and located within the body form, the physical model providing haptic feedback when contacted by the instrument.

Abstract: A medical procedure training simulator may include a training space. The simulator may also include at least one camera in the training space. The at least one camera may be operable to capture video images of an object in the training space as one or more tasks are performed by at least one user. The simulator may also include a computer operable to receive the video images. The computer may also be operable to generate position data for the object by processing the video images. The computer may also be operable to generate a simulation of a scene from an operating room based on at least one of the video images and the position data. The computer may also be operable to display the simulation to the at least one user on an electronic display as the one or more tasks are performed by the at least one user.

Abstract: A surgical training device, includes a body form, at least two cameras configured to obtain image data of at least one implement located within the body form, and a magnetic tracking system operative to transmit signals, the signals corresponding to position and alignment information of the at least one implement. The surgical training device also includes a computer configured to receive the image data from the at least two cameras, receive the signals from the magnetic tracking system, and generate position and alignment data of the at least one implement from the image data and the signals. A display is operatively coupled to the computer and operative to display at least one image of the at least one implement and a virtual background, the virtual background depicting a portion of a body cavity.

Abstract: A surgical training device includes a body form, an optical tracking system within the body form, and a camera configured to be optically tracked and to obtain images of at least one surgical instrument located within the body form. The surgical training device further includes a computer configured to receive signals from the optical tracking system, and a display operatively coupled to the computer and operative to display the images of at least one surgical instrument and a virtual background, the virtual background depicting a portion of a body cavity, the virtual background displayed from a perspective of the camera configured to be optically tracked.

Abstract: A simulator (1) has a body form apparatus (2) with a skin-like panel (4) through which laproscopic instruments (5) are inserted. Cameras (10) capture video images of internal movement of the instruments (5) and a computer (6) processes them. 3D positional data is generated using stereo triangulation and is linked with the associated video images. A graphics engine (60) uses the 3D data to generate graphical representations of internal scenes. A blending function (70) blends real and recorded images, or real and simulated images to allow demonstration of effects such as internal bleeding or suturing.