Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes a third insulating pattern and a first insulating pattern on a substrate, the third insulating pattern and the first insulating pattern being spaced apart from each other in a first direction that is perpendicular to the substrate such that a bottom surface of the third insulating pattern and a top surface of the first insulating pattern face each other, a gate electrode between the bottom surface of the third insulating pattern and the top surface of the first insulating pattern, and including a first side extending between the bottom surface of the third insulating pattern and the top surface of the first insulating pattern, and a second insulating pattern that protrudes from the first side of the gate electrode by a second width in a second direction, the second direction being different from the first direction.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a plurality of host materials, an organic electroluminescent compound, and an organic electroluminescent device comprising the same. By comprising a specific combination of compounds according to the present disclosure as a plurality of host materials or by comprising the compound according to the present disclosure, it is possible to produce an organic electroluminescent device having lower driving voltage, higher luminous efficiency, and/or longer lifetime properties compared to the conventional organic electroluminescent devices.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a plurality of host materials comprising a first host material comprising a compound represented by formula 1, and a second host material comprising a compound represented by formula 2, and an organic electroluminescent device comprising the same. By comprising a specific combination of compounds as host materials, it is possible to provide an organic electroluminescent device having lower driving voltage, higher luminous efficiency, higher power efficiency, and/or superior lifespan characteristics compared to conventional organic electroluminescent devices.

Abstract: An organic layer composition and a liquid crystal display including the same are provided. An organic layer composition according to an exemplary embodiment includes a binder formed by copolymerizing compounds included in a first group and a second group, wherein the first group includes an acryl-based compound and the second group includes a compound without a —COO— group.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) is provided that includes: a first substrate; a gate line formed on the first substrate; a data line intersecting the gate line to define a pixel; a thin-film transistor (TFT) connected to the gate line and the data line and formed in the pixel; a sustain electrode line including a first sustain electrode that passes through the pixel, so as to divide the pixel into a first region and a transparent second region, and a second sustain electrodes that extend perpendicularly from the first sustain electrode; and a first pixel electrode connected to the TFT, disposed in the first region.

Abstract: A thin film transistor array panel for a flat panel display includes a substrate, a first signal line formed on the substrate, a second signal line intersecting and insulated from the first signal line, a switching element having a first terminal connected to the first signal line, a second terminal connected to the second signal line, and a third terminal, a pixel electrode connected to the third terminal of the switching element, and first and second light blocking members extending parallel to the second signal line, each being disposed on an opposite side of and partially overlapping an respective edge of the second signal line, an interval between the first and second light blocking members being in a range of from more than 1.5 ?m to less than 4 ?m. The array panel prevents light leakage from the display and improves its transmittance, aperture ratio and color reproducibility.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) is provided that includes: a first substrate; a gate line formed on the first substrate; a data line intersecting the gate line to define a pixel; a thin-film transistor (TFT) connected to the gate line and the data line and formed in the pixel; a sustain electrode line including a first sustain electrode that passes through the pixel, so as to divide the pixel into a first region and a transparent second region, and a second sustain electrodes that extend perpendicularly from the first sustain electrode; and a first pixel electrode connected to the TFT, disposed in the first region.

Abstract: A display substrate includes an insulating substrate, a thin film transistor, a contact electrode, and a pixel electrode. The thin film transistor includes a control electrode, a semiconductor pattern, a first electrode, and a second electrode. The control electrode is on the insulating substrate. The semiconductor pattern is on the control electrode. The first electrode is on the semiconductor pattern. The second electrode is spaced apart from the first electrode on the semiconductor pattern. The contact electrode includes a contact portion and an undercut portion. The contact portion is electrically connected to the second electrode to partially expose the semiconductor pattern. The undercut portion is electrically connected to the contact portion to cover the semiconductor pattern. The pixel electrode is electrically connected to the second electrode through the contact portion of the contact electrode.

Abstract: A display panel includes a substrate, signal lines, a thin film transistor, a pixel electrode and a dummy opening. The substrate has a display area and a peripheral area surrounding the display area. The signal lines are disposed on the substrate and intersect each other to define a unit pixel. The thin film transistor is electrically connected to the signal lines and disposed at the unit pixel. The pixel electrode is electrically connected to the thin film transistor. The pixel electrode is formed in the unit pixel. The dummy opening is disposed at the peripheral area and spaced apart from the signal lines.

Abstract: A thin film transistor array panel for a flat panel display includes a substrate, a first signal line formed on the substrate, a second signal line intersecting and insulated from the first signal line, a switching element having a first terminal connected to the first signal line, a second terminal connected to the second signal line, and a third terminal, a pixel electrode connected to the third terminal of the switching element, and first and second light blocking members extending parallel to the second signal line, each being disposed on an opposite side of and partially overlapping an respective edge of the second signal line, an interval between the first and second light blocking members being in a range of from more than 1.5 ?m to less than 4 ?m. The array panel prevents light leakage from the display and improves its transmittance, aperture ratio and color reproducibility.

Abstract: A thin film transistor array panel for a flat panel display includes a substrate, a first signal line formed on the substrate, a second signal line intersecting and insulated from the first signal line, a switching element having a first terminal connected to the first signal line, a second terminal connected to the second signal line, and a third terminal, a pixel electrode connected to the third terminal of the switching element, and first and second light blocking members extending parallel to the second signal line, each being disposed on an opposite side of and partially overlapping an respective edge of the second signal line, an interval between the first and second light blocking members being in a range of from more than 1.5 ?m to less than 4 ?m. The array panel prevents light leakage from the display and improves its transmittance, aperture ratio and color reproducibility.

Abstract: A photoresist composition comprises about 0.5 to about 20 parts by weight of a photo-acid generator, about 10 to about 70 parts by weight of a novolac resin containing a hydroxyl group, about 1 to about 40 parts by weight of a cross-linker that comprises an alkoxymethylmelamine compound, and about 10 to about 150 parts by weight of a solvent.

Abstract: A display substrate includes a first metal pattern, a first insulating layer, a first electrode, and a second metal pattern. The first metal pattern includes a gate line and a signal line. The first insulating layer is disposed on a substrate having the first metal pattern formed thereon. A first opening passes through the first insulating layer to partially expose the signal line. The first electrode is disposed on the first insulating layer corresponding to a unit pixel. The second metal pattern includes a connection electrode contacting the first electrode and the signal line through the first opening and a data line.

Abstract: A photoresist composition includes about 100 parts by weight of resin mixture including novolak resin and acryl resin and about 10 parts to about 50 parts by weight of naphthoquinone diazosulfonic acid ester. A weight-average molecular weight of the novolak resin is no less than about 30,000. A weight-average molecular weight of the acryl resin is no less than about 20,000. The acryl resin makes up about 1% to about 15% of the total weight of the resin mixture. When a photoresist film formed using the photoresist composition is heated, a profile variation of the photoresist composition is relatively small. Therefore, a residual photoresist film has a uniform thickness, and a short circuit and/or an open defect in a TFT substrate may be reduced.

Abstract: An organic layer composition and a liquid crystal display including the same are provided. An organic layer composition according to an exemplary embodiment includes a binder formed by copolymerizing compounds included in a first group and a second group, wherein the first group includes an acryl-based compound and the second group includes a compound without a —COO— group.

Abstract: A display substrate includes a first metal pattern, a first insulating layer, a first electrode, and a second metal pattern. The first metal pattern includes a gate line and a signal line. The first insulating layer is disposed on a substrate having the first metal pattern formed thereon. A first opening passes through the first insulating layer to partially expose the signal line. The first electrode is disposed on the first insulating layer corresponding to a unit pixel. The second metal pattern includes a connection electrode contacting the first electrode and the signal line through the first opening and a data line.

Abstract: A display substrate includes a first metal pattern, a first insulating layer, a first electrode, and a second metal pattern. The first metal pattern includes a gate line and a signal line. The first insulating layer is disposed on a substrate having the first metal pattern formed thereon. A first opening passes through the first insulating layer to partially expose the signal line. The first electrode is disposed on the first insulating layer corresponding to a unit pixel. The second metal pattern includes a connection electrode contacting the first electrode and the signal line through the first opening and a data line.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a thin film transistor array panel, including: forming gate lines on a substrate; forming a gate insulating layer on the gate lines; forming semiconductor layers on the gate insulating layer; forming data lines and drain electrodes on the semiconductor layers; depositing a passivation layer on the data lines and the drain electrodes; forming a first photoresist layer including a first portion and a second portion that is thinner than the first portion on the passivation layer; forming a first preliminary contact hole exposing the data lines by etching the passivation layer by using the first photoresist layer as a mask; removing the second portion of the first photoresist; forming a first contact hole by expanding the first preliminary contact hole and opening portions by etching the passivation layer by using the first portion of the first photoresist layer as a mask; depositing a conductor layer; and forming pixel electrodes in the opening portions and a first contact assistant mem

Abstract: A display substrate includes an insulating substrate, a thin film transistor, a contact electrode, and a pixel electrode. The thin film transistor includes a control electrode, a semiconductor pattern, a first electrode, and a second electrode. The control electrode is on the insulating substrate. The semiconductor pattern is on the control electrode. The first electrode is on the semiconductor pattern. The second electrode is spaced apart from the first electrode on the semiconductor pattern. The contact electrode includes a contact portion and an undercut portion. The contact portion is electrically connected to the second electrode to partially expose the semiconductor pattern. The undercut portion is electrically connected to the contact portion to cover the semiconductor pattern. The pixel electrode is electrically connected to the second electrode through the contact portion of the contact electrode.