Abstract: A semiconductor device includes: a substrate; an active region in the substrate; a device isolation layer defining the active region; a gate structure in the substrate and extending across the active region in a first horizontal direction; bit line structures on the substrate, extending in a second horizontal direction intersecting the first horizontal direction, and crossing the gate structure; and a contact structure between the bit line structures, wherein the contact structure includes: a first contact plug in contact with the active region; a second contact plug on the first contact plug; and a third contact plug on the second contact plug, and wherein a first vertical central axis of the active region, a second vertical central axis of the first contact plug, and a third vertical central axis of the third contact plug are offset from each other in a cross-sectional view.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an integrated circuit device includes providing a substrate including a cell array area and a peripheral circuit area; forming a conductive layer in the cell array area and the peripheral circuit area; forming a capping insulating layer on the conductive layer; forming, in the cell array area, a direct contact and a bit line by using the capping insulating layer as a first etching mask; forming a spacer structure on side walls of the direct contact and on side walls of the bit line; forming a buried contact that is between the direct contact and the bit line and a first side wall of the side walls of the bit line; forming an insulating spacer on the cell array area and the peripheral circuit area; and forming, in the peripheral circuit area, a gate structure by using the insulating spacer as a second etching mask.

Abstract: A backlight unit according to embodiment comprise of a frame, a light emitting device module disposed on a side of the frame and a plurality of light guide members disposed in the direction of the light irradiated from the light emitting device, wherein the light guide members have light transmissivity and reflectivity different from each other.

Abstract: A backlight unit according to embodiment comprise of a frame, a light emitting device module disposed on a side of the frame and a plurality of light guide members disposed in the direction of the light irradiated from the light emitting device, wherein the light guide members have light transmissivity and reflectivity different from each other.