Abstract: Provided is an operating method of a storage device. The method includes providing temperature information of each of a plurality of volatile memory devices in the storage device to a host device; and receiving a setting command related to a refresh operation of the plurality of volatile memory devices from the host device, wherein the plurality of volatile memory devices are classified into groups based on temperature information, and wherein the setting command indicates a number of rows of the plurality of volatile memory devices to be refreshed differently for each of the groups based on the temperature information.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and a method for computing a position of a moving entity, and an apparatus and method for setting a gyroscope zero point or a gyroscope zero point reference value. In the apparatus for setting the gyroscope zero point, a gyroscope outputs a signal of angular velocity in the form of voltage. A global positioning system (GPS) receiver receives a GPS signal. An analog-to-digital (A/D) converter digitizes the voltage output from the gyroscope. A controller detects a speed and a direction angle of a vehicle from the received GPS signal, determines if the vehicle is traveling in a straight line, and filters the voltage output from the gyroscope to obtain a gyroscope zero point reference value if the vehicle is traveling in the straight line.

Abstract: Pseudolite-based precise positioning system with synchronised pseudolites that can compute the position of a mobile station with slave pseudolites synchronised to master pseudolite is provided. Therefore pseudolite-based precise positioning system according to present invention does not need correction information of a reference station.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and a method for computing a position of a moving entity, and an apparatus and method for setting a gyroscope zero point or a gyroscope zero point reference value. In the apparatus for setting the gyroscope zero point, a gyroscope outputs a signal of angular velocity in the form of voltage. A global positioning system (GPS) receiver receives a GPS signal. An analog-to-digital (A/D) converter digitizes the voltage output from the gyroscope. A controller detects a speed and a direction angle of a vehicle from the received GPS signal, determines if the vehicle is traveling in a straight line, and filters the voltage output from the gyroscope to obtain a gyroscope zero point reference value if the vehicle is traveling in the straight line.

Abstract: An automatic frequency tuning apparatus including an FM radio receiver for receiving a frequency tuning identification sound signal corresponding to a reception frequency of the FM radio receiver and then outputting the received frequency tuning identification sound signal; and a terminal's FM transmitter for outputting a frequency tuning identification sound while changing a transmission frequency, and automatically tuning the transmission frequency to the reception frequency of the FM radio receiver depending on whether a frequency tuning identification sound output from the FM radio receiver is input through a microphone. The automatic frequency tuning apparatus can automatically tune frequencies between the terminal's FM transmitter and the FM radio receiver, even without manual input by the user.

Abstract: Pseudolite-based precise positioning system with synchronised pseudolites that can compute the position of a mobile station with slave pseudolites synchronised to master pseudolite is provided. Therefore pseudolite-based precise positioning system according to present invention does not need correction information of a reference station.