Abstract: A fuel injection nozzle includes a valve member biased by resilient means into contact with a seating to prevent fuel flow through an outlet from an inlet, the valve member being responsive to the pressure at the inlet and opening to allow fuel flow when the pressure attains a predetermined value. A piston member defines a surface against which fuel under pressure in a chamber can act to assist the action of the resilient means. The fuel under pressure in the chamber is obtained from the fuel inlet and is controlled by a valve element slidable within a bore in the piston member. One end of the bore is open to the chamber and the other end to a drain. The element is biased by a spring towards the one end of the bore so that its position in the bore depends upon the pressure in the chamber. The valve element and wall of the bore define groove and a port which form part of a passage means connecting the inlet and the chamber.

Abstract: A fuel injection nozzle for supplying fuel to an internal combustion engine includes a fuel pressure actuated valve member slidable within a bore. The working clearance defined between the co-operating surfaces of the valve member and bore at one end communicates in use with a source of fuel under pressure which may not have adequate lubricity to provide proper lubrication of the surfaces. A groove is defined between the surfaces and communicates with a drain and the other end of the working clearance communicates in use with a source of lubricating medium.

Abstract: A two speed governor for a fuel pumping apparatus which supplies fuel to an internal combustion engine comprises a source of fuel under pressure which varies in accordance with the speed of the engine. Fuel is supplied through a first orifice and a second orifice in series from the source. The second orifice is defined by a port the size of which is controlled by a manually operable rod while the first orifice is defined by a port the size of which is controlled by a spool responsive to the pressure of the source. The port closes at the maximum allowed engine speed. A third orifice defined by a port is also controlled by the spool and is connected in parallel with the second orifice. The port is closed at speeds above the idling speed of the engine. In the intermediate speed range the engine is controlled by the rod.

Abstract: A liquid fuel injection pumping apparatus of the rotary distributor type has two forms of cam lobe on its cam ring. The first form of cam lobe is a pumping lobe which can effect inward movement of a plunger to achieve pumping of fuel and after the crest of the lobe has been passed allows outward movement of the plunger to lower the fuel pressure in the various passages in the apparatus. The other form of lobe is a holding lobe which while one plunger is being moved inwardly holds another plunger against movement. When the crest of the holding lobe is reached the associated plunger is allowed to move outwardly and this movement is arranged to take place shortly before the end of the inward movement of the plunger associated with a pumping lobe. The effect is to reduce the period towards the end of fuel delivery at which fuel is supplied at a reducing rate.

Abstract: A fuel injection pumping apparatus comprises an axially movable distributor member the axial setting of which determines the amount of fuel supplied by the apparatus at each pumping stroke. The distributor member is biassed by a spring in one axial direction and is movable in the opposite direction by varying the fluid pressure in a chamber through a port. The port is formed in a sleeve which is coupled to the distributor member by means of a lever and a rod member is axially movable within the sleeve. The axial position of the rod member can be varied to alter the effective size of the port and the distributor member and sleeve move because of the change in pressure in the space. A new equilibrium position is thus established with the distributor member following the movement of the rod member.

Abstract: A fuel pumping apparatus includes an injection pump to which fuel is supplied through an adjustable throttle and which includes a fluid pressure operable device for controlling the timing of delivery of fuel. In order to accurately control the timing in accordance with the speed and the amount of fuel supplied to the engine a transducer is provided to sense the throttle position and a further transducer to measure the pressure upstream of the throttle. The signals from these transducers together with an engine speed signal are supplied to a circuit which computes or on the basis of stored information, provides a fuel quantity signal. The fuel quantity signal is supplied to a further circuit together with a speed signal which produces a desired timing signal. This signal is utilized to control the pressure applied to the device.

Abstract: A fuel pumping apparatus of the rotary distributor type has cam followers comprising rollers supported by shoes interposed between the pumping plungers and the cam ring. Stop rings are provided to limit the outward movement of the followers and one of these rings is axially adjustable so that the amount of fuel supplied by the apparatus can be controlled. In order to provide reduced initial rate of injection of fuel the axial spacing of the surfaces on at least one of the followers which contact the stop rings, is smaller than in the case of the other plunger or plungers so that at the end of the filling stroke of the apparatus of the plunger associated with that follower will project outwardly further than the other plunger and hence will be moved inwardly before the other to provide delivery of fuel at a reduced rate.

Abstract: A fuel system for supplying fuel to a pair of injection nozzles of an engine comprises a pair of pumps which can only deliver half the maximum amount of fuel which may be required. Each pump supplies fuel to a respective nozzle when the fuel required is less than half and the system includes a pair of valves which are operated to allow both pumps to deliver fuel through one nozzle when more than half the maximum amount of fuel is required, the pumps then being operated at twice the previous rate to supply fuel to the nozzles in turn.

Abstract: A fuel injection pump for supplying fuel to an internal combustion engine includes a plunger reciprocable within a bore by cams on a cam ring. Fuel is supplied to the bore by a throttle. A first valve is provided which connects a point intermediate the throttle and the bore with a drain. A second valve is provided to ensure that the pressure applied to the outer end of the plunger is above said drain pressure. When the first valve is opened the pressure acting at the outer end of the plunger will move it inwardly to ensure that it cannot be actuated by the cam.

Abstract: A fuel injection pumping apparatus comprises a rotary distributor member having a bore containing a plunger which is moved inwardly to cause delivery of fuel by the apparatus by cam lobes formed on the internal surface of a cam ring. The cam lobes are regularly spaced but in order to balance the forces acting on the distributor member the bore houses a further plunger which is held against outward movement by means of a roller which engages the internal surface of a pair of stop rings mounted in the housing of the apparatus.

Abstract: A fuel injection pumping apparatus includes an axially movable distributor member which carries pumping plungers movable inwardly to effect delivery of fuel by means of cam lobes formed on a cam ring. The axial position of the distributor member determines the amount of fuel supplied by the apparatus each time the plungers are moved inwardly. The distributor member is moved axially by varying the volume of liquid in a chamber, the distributor member moving as the volume of liquid increases against the action of a spring. The volume of liquid is controlled by means of a sleeve axially movable by means of a governor mechanism which includes weights. The sleeve controls the size of a port which communicates with the chamber and liquid is supplied to the chamber through a passage from a supply pump.

Abstract: A fuel injection pumping apparatus comprises an injection pump including an angularly movable cam ring connected to a piston. Resilient means bias the piston against the action of a fluid pressure which varies in accordance with speed. A cam plate engages an abutment for the resilient means and is adjustable by means of a pivotal lever the setting of which is varied in accordance with the amount of fuel supplied by the apparatus thereby to vary the setting of the cam plate. The fulcrum for the lever is adjustable in accordance with the speed by means of a further piston responsive to said fluid pressure.

Abstract: A fuel system for an internal combustion engine includes a pump/injector having an actuating winding to which power is supplied by a first electronic means. A first control signal is supplied by a second electronic means to energize the winding and a second control signal is supplied by a third electronic means to de-energize the winding. The third electronic means calculates the time at which the winding should be de-energized to allow the piston in the pump to draw in the required volume of fuel, the second electronic means causing delivery of fuel when the required volume of fuel has been drawn into the pumping chamber of the pump.

Abstract: A fuel pumping apparatus includes a slide member which can be engaged with an arm of a throttle which controls the flow of fuel to an injection pump of the apparatus. The slide is moveable by an operator to cut off the supply of fuel to the associated engine. A tumbler lock mechanism is mounted in a housing of the apparatus and is connected to an arm which can engage a production on the slide member to move and/or retain the slide member to the position in which supply of fuel to the engine is prevented.

Abstract: An electromagnetic device comprises a stator structure and an armature surrounding the stator structure. The stator structure is provided with axially spaced pole pieces which are of annular form and between which are located electrical windings connected so that adjacent pole pieces have opposite magnetic polarity. The armature has complementary pole pieces and when the windings are energized the armature will move relative to the stator structure. In order to facilitate construction of the device the stator structure is formed as a plurality of portions each of which has a cylindrical portion and a rim portion. The armature is formed as a stack of annular portions each of which includes an inwardly extending pole piece. The device is constructed by assembling the armature and stator structure alternately and in sequence.

Abstract: A fuel injection pumping apparatus of the rotary distributor type has an angularly adjustable cam ring to which is connected an arm. The arm is engaged by a surface on a linearly movable actuating member the position of which varies in accordance with the speed of the associated engine. The arm is also engaged with a cam connected to an operator adjustable member which is also coupled to an arrangement for controlling the amount of fuel supplied by the apparatus. The arrangement is such that movement of the operator controlled member effects an immediate adjustment of the timing of fuel delivery, the timing also varying as a result of speed variation.

Abstract: A fuel pumping apparatus comprises a housing which defines a boss portion. The boss is hollow and accommodates a pump barrel which is retained in position by means of a sleeve engaging a flange on the barrel. The sleeve is trapped between the flange of the barrel and a flange on a nozzle assembly and the latter is retained by a cap nut which is in screw thread engagement with the boss portion.

Abstract: A fuel injection system includes a pumping plunger contained in a cylinder and actuated in a direction to pump fuel from the cylinder by energization of an electromagnetic device including an armature. Stop means is provided to limit the movement of the armature when the device is energized and this includes a high rate spring constituted by a dished washer which is compressed by the armature during the final movement thereof. The washer is sufficiently strong to urge the armature in the opposite direction against the magnetic forces produced by the device, by an amount sufficient to bring about a reduction in the pressure in the cylinder.

Abstract: A fuel system for supplying fuel to an engine includes a nozzle positioned to direct fuel into a combustion chamber and an electromagnetically operable pump for supplying fuel to the nozzle. A first electronic means supplies power to a winding of the pump to cause delivery of fuel and holds the pumping piston of the pump until it is required to fill the pumping chamber of the pump. A second electronic means partly energizes the winding or another winding when the required amount of fuel has flowed into the pumping chamber, to hold the piston against movement.

Abstract: A fuel pumping apparatus includes an injection pump to which fuel is supplied by a low pressure supply pump. A shuttle located in a cylinder has one end connected to the injection pump and the other end to the supply pump when it is desired to feed fuel to the engine. The movement of the shuttle represents the amount of fuel supplied to the injection pump and this movement is measured and the signal supplied to a processing circuit which also receives a demand signal. The movement of the shuttle is halted by the gradual closure of communication between the one end of the cylinder and the injection pump. This is achieved in the example by a passage moving out of registration with a port. The rate of flow of fuel from the pump to the cylinder is controlled by a fuel control device the setting of which is determined by the processing circuit which strives to ensure that the actual amount of fuel supplied to the injection pump is equal to the desired amount.