Abstract: The present invention relates to novel phenazine-based compounds and compositions comprising the same and their use as redox flow battery electrolytes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to electrolyte compositions comprising distinct redox-active compounds, namely, a redox-active compound, which is phenazine or a phenazine derivative, and a distinct redox-active compound, which is not phenazine or a phenazine derivative. The present invention also relates to the use of such electrolyte compositions as redox flow battery electrolytes. Accordingly, the invention further provides a redox flow battery comprising said compositions.

Abstract: A method is described for the catalytic hydrogenation of aromatic nitro compounds with hydrogen to the corresponding amines in the presence of a supported catalyst comprising platinum. The method is characterized in that the catalyst comprising platinum has been modified with a tungsten compound and with a phosphorus compound in an oxidation state of <5. High yields and high selectivities are possible with the method.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing 6,6?-[(3,3?-di-tert-butyl-5,5?-dimethoxy-1,1?-biphenyl-2,2?diyl)bis(oxy)]bis(dibenzo[d,f][1,3,2]dioxaphosphepine), abbreviated to biphephos (see formula 1), with low chlorine content.

Abstract: A method for hydrogenating optionally substituted phenols with one hydroxyl group to cyclohexanones over modified, palladium-comprising supported catalysts. This is possible surprisingly in selected alcoholic solvents with high selectivity. Here it is even possible to recycle the catalysts employed, which hitherto has only been possible with considerable loss of selectivity.

Abstract: A method is described for the catalytic hydrogenation of aromatic nitro compounds with hydrogen to the corresponding amines in the presence of a supported catalyst comprising platinum. The method is characterized in that the catalyst comprising platinum has been modified with a tungsten compound and with a phosphorus compound in an oxidation state of <5. High yields and high selectivities are possible with the method.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing 6,6?-[(3,3?-di-tert-butyl-5,5?-dimethoxy-1,1?-biphenyl-2,2?diyl)bis(oxy)]bis(dibenzo[d,f][1,3,2]dioxaphosphepine), abbreviated to biphephos (see formula 1), with low chlorine content

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the purification of 6,6?-[(3,3?-di-tert-butyl-5,5?-dimethoxy-1,1?-biphenyl-2,2?diyl)bis(oxy)]bis(dibenzo[d,f][1,3,2]dioxaphosphepin), abbreviation: biphephos (see formula 1).

Abstract: A process for producing 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2,4-dioxo-quinazoline-1-yl acetic acid derivatives of the formula (I) in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are mutually independently hydrogen, halogen, OH, NO.sub.2, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6) alkoxy, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6) alkyl, halogen-substituted (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6) alkyl, R.sup.5 is hydrogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6) alkyl, phenyl where the alkyl or phenyl radical may also be substituted by halogen atoms; in which an anthranilic acid derivative of formula (II), in which R.sup.1 to R.sup.5 have the above meaning and R.sup.6 is hydrogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6) alkyl or phenyl, where the alkyl or phenyl radical may also be substituted by halogen atoms, is reacted with a metal cyanate and hydrogen chloride in the presence of an inert solvent.

Abstract: Compounds have the formula (I), ##STR1## in which R stands for straight-chain or branched (C.sub.1 -C.sub.20) alkyl, phenyl or CH.sub.2 phenyl, the alkyl group or phenyl group being optionally substituted by halogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4) alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4) alkoxy, and R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 independently represent hydrogen, halogen, OH, NO.sub.2, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6) alkoxy, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6) alkyl or halogen-substituted (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)-alkyl. Also disclosed is a process for preparing these compounds.

Abstract: A process for preparing N-carboxymethylene-4-chloroanthranilic acid, and its dialkyl esters. The invention relates to a process for preparing N-carboxymethylene-4-chloroanthranilic acid and its dialkyl esters, which comprises reacting 2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid in the presence of a base, of a solvent and of a catalyst with glycine to give N-carboxymethylene-4-chloroanthranilic acid and, where appropriate, reacting the latter in the presence of a base and of a solvent with a dialkyl sulfate, dialkyl carbonate or alkyl halide to give the dialkyl ester.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of N-(2-carboxy-5-chloro-phenyl)glycine of the formula (1) ##STR1## which comprises reacting 2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid of the formula (2) ##STR2## with glycine and a base in water at a temperature of 50.degree. to 200.degree. C. in the presence of copper and oxygen at a pH of 7 to 13.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of N-carboxymethyleneanthranilic acid esters of the formula (3) ##STR1## by reacting a compound of the formula (1) ##STR2## in which R' is hydrogen or a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are identical or different and independently of one another are hydrogen, halogen, NO.sub.2, a straight-chain or branched alkyl, alkoxy or halogenated alkyl radical having in each case 1 to 6 carbon atoms, with a glyoxylic acid ester of the formula (2)OHC--COOR (2)in which R is a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, phenyl radical or benzyl radical, which are unsubstituted or mono- or polysubstituted by halogen or an alkyl or alkoxy group having in each case 1 to 4 carbon atoms, in the presence of a solvent at 0.degree. to 200.degree. C.