Abstract: The present invention discloses an integrated circuit (IC) 200 including a plurality of microstrip conductive lines, i.e., 210, 220, 230, and 240. The IC includes a phase shifting means wherein the plurality of microstrip conductive lines, i.e., 210, 220, 230, and 240, may have different or equal lengths forming a coplanar phase-shifting assembly for shifting phase of the electromagnetic wave transmitted therein. The conductive lines, i.e., 210, 220, 230, and 240, are configured substantially rectangular in shape. The IC 200 also includes a decoupling means 280 for substantially decoupling and reducing the interference between the electromagnetic fields of the conductive lines, i.e., 210, 220, 230, and 240. The decoupling means 280 is a conductive means disposed inside the rectangular shape surrounded by the four conductive lines, i.e., 210, 220, 230, and 240, of the phase-shifting assembly. The decoupling means 280 and the microstrip conductive lines, i.e.

Abstract: A novel design of high frequency hidden hand-held antenna which includes two metal arms above a lower arm of finite ground plane. By properly choosing the lengths of these arms and the separations between them, the bandwidth can be broadened more than 20%. Thus, it is suitable for personal mobile communication applications. A full wave equivalent circuit analytic model is also developed to analyze and optimize the geometrical configuration including the lengths and separations between the arms. Numerical analyses for current distribution on the conductor surface and various antenna characteristics such as input impedance and radiation patterns are computed by the use of the analytical models. Experimental results and numerical computations all confirm that better performance characteristics including broadened antenna bandwidth are achieved by this novel antenna.