Abstract: One or more embodiments provide techniques that permit virtual computing instances in isolated environments to communicate information outside the isolated environments without requiring networking. In one embodiment, an encoder which runs in a virtual machine (VM) within an isolated environment, such as one of the VMs of a packaged virtual machine application that does not have external network connectivity, is configured to encode information, such as state information of the packaged virtual machine application, in portion(s) of a network address. The encoder further configures an unconnected network interface of the same VM, or another VM in the isolated environment, with the network address that includes the encoded information. A decoder, which could not otherwise communicate with the virtual computing instance via any network, may then retrieve the network address assigned to the unconnected network interface and decode that network address to obtain the information encoded therein.

Abstract: One or more embodiments provide techniques that permit virtual computing instances in isolated environments to communicate information outside the isolated environments without requiring networking. In one embodiment, an encoder which runs in a virtual machine (VM) within an isolated environment, such as one of the VMs of a packaged virtual machine application that does not have external network connectivity, is configured to encode information, such as state information of the packaged virtual machine application, in portion(s) of a network address. The encoder further configures an unconnected network interface of the same VM, or another VM in the isolated environment, with the network address that includes the encoded information. A decoder, which could not otherwise communicate with the virtual computing instance via any network, may then retrieve the network address assigned to the unconnected network interface and decode that network address to obtain the information encoded therein.

Abstract: A device includes a device for forming a gaseous flow from the sample and a device for separation of each specific gaseous constituent. The device also includes a device for quantifying the relative contents of the two isotopes to be analyzed which comprise an optical measurement cell. The cell includes two mirrors which delimit a measurement cavity. The device includes a device for introducing an incident optical signal into the measurement cavity, a device for generating a plurality of reflections of the signal in separate points on each mirror during its travel in the cavity, a device for measuring a transmitted optical signal resulting from an interaction between the optical signal and each isotope in the measurement cavity, and a device for calculating the relative contents on the basis of these signals.

Abstract: This device comprises a means (111) for forming a gaseous flow from the sample, and a means (121) for separation by means of selective retention each gaseous constituent. It comprises a means (113) for combustion of the gaseous flow in order to form a gaseous residue from each constituent, and a means (115) for quantifying the content of each constituent to be analysed in the gaseous flow. The quantification means (115) comprise an optical measurement cell (127) which is connected to the combustion means (113), and a means (161) for introducing a laser incident optical signal into the cell (127). The quantification means (115) also comprise means (133) for measuring a transmitted optical signal resulting from an interaction between the optical signal and each gaseous residue in the cell (127), and means (125) for calculating said content on the basis of the transmitted optical signal.

Abstract: This device includes a stage for forming a gaseous flow from the sample, and a column for separation by selective retention of each gaseous constituent. It includes an oven for combustion of the gaseous flow in order to form a gaseous residue from each constituent, and a quantification unit for quantifying the content of each constituent to be analyzed in the gaseous flow. The quantification unit includes an optical measurement cell connected to an oven, and a mirror for introducing a laser incident optical signal into the cell. The quantification unit also measures a transmitted optical signal resulting from an interaction between the optical signal and each gaseous residue in the cell, and calculates the content on the basis of the transmitted optical signal.

Abstract: This device comprises a means (111) for forming a gaseous flow from the sample, and a means (121) for separation by means of selective retention each gaseous constituent. It comprises a means (113) for combustion of the gaseous flow in order to form a gaseous residue from each constituent, and a means (115) for quantifying the content of each constituent to be analysed in the gaseous flow. The quantification means (115) comprise an optical measurement cell (127) which is connected to the combustion means (113), and a means (161) for introducing a laser incident optical signal into the cell (127). The quantification means (115) also comprise means (133) for measuring a transmitted optical signal resulting from an interaction between the optical signal and each gaseous residue in the cell (127), and means (125) for calculating said content on the basis of the transmitted optical signal.

Abstract: This device comprises a means (111) for forming a gaseous flow from the sample and a means (121) for separation of each specific gaseous constituent. It comprises a means (115) for quantifying the relative contents of the two isotopes to be analysed which comprise an optical measurement cell (127). The cell (127) comprises two mirrors (137A, 137B) which delimit a measurement cavity (147). The device comprises a means (161) for introducing an incident optical signal into the measurement cavity (147), a means (161) for generating a plurality of reflections of the signal in separate points (174A, 174B) on each mirror (137A, 137B) during its travel in the cavity, a means (133) for measuring a transmitted optical signal resulting from an interaction between the optical signal and each isotope in the measurement cavity (147), and a means (125) for calculating said relative contents on the basis of these signals.

Abstract: The disclosure describes an absorption spectroscopy method for sensing hydrogen gas in a sample atmosphere and an associated hydrogen sensor. A light beam, having a wavelength corresponding to a vibrational transition of hydrogen molecules from a ground vibration state to any excited rotational vibration state via a quadrupole interaction, is introduced into an optical cavity adapted to receive a sample atmosphere to be tested for the presence of hydrogen gas. The light is introduced into the cavity in an off-axis alignment to systematically eliminate cavity resonances, while preserving the absorption signal amplifying properties of such cavities. Hydrogen absorption is measured is terms of cavity output, as in the ICOS technique.