Abstract: This invention is an improved process for producing polyester copolymers, which employs a combination of an acid-based process and an ester-based process. The ester-based process is used to manufacture a low molecular weight naphthalate-based polymer, and the acid-based process is used to manufacture phthalate-based oligomers. The low molecular weight naphthalate-based polymer is combined with the phthalate-based oligomers, or the raw materials used to form the phthalate-based oligomers, to form a random polyester copolymer. Specifically, the process of the invention may be employed to manufacture, in an ester-based process, a low molecular weight polyethylene naphthalate polymer, which is then combined with polyethylene terephthalate oligomers produced in an acid-based process, and the acid-based process is then used to continue the polymerization reaction. Ester interchange reactions and further polymerization result in the production of a random polyethylene terephthalate/naphthalate copolymer.

Abstract: This invention is an improved process for producing polyester copolymers, which employs a combination of an acid-based process and an ester-based process. The ester-based process is used to manufacture a low molecular weight naphthalate-based polymer, and the acid-based process is used to manufacture phthalate-based oligomers. The low molecular weight naphthalate-based polymer is combined with the phthalate-based oligomers, or the raw materials used to form the phthalate-based oligomers, to form a random polyester copolymer. Specifically, the process of the invention may be employed to manufacture, in an ester-based process, a low molecular weight polyethylene naphthalate polymer, which is then combined with polyethylene terephthalate oligomers produced in an acid-based process, and the acid-based process is then used to continue the polymerization reaction. Ester interchange reactions and further polymerization result in the production of a random polyethylene terephthalate/naphthalate copolymer.

Abstract: This invention is an improved process for producing polyester copolymers, which employs a combination of an acid-based process and an ester-based process. The ester-based process is used to manufacture a low molecular weight naphthalate-based polymer, and the acid-based process is used to manufacture phthalate-based oligomers. The low molecular weight naphthalate-based polymer is combined with the phthalate-based oligomers, or the raw materials used to form the phthalate-based oligomers, to form a random polyester copolymer. Specifically, the process of the invention may be employed to manufacture, in an ester-based process, a low molecular weight polyethylene naphthalate polymer, which is then combined with polyethylene terephthalate oligomers produced in an acid-based process, and the acid-based process is then used to continue the polymerization reaction. Ester interchange reactions and further polymerization result in the production of a random polyethylene terephthalate/naphthalate copolymer.

Abstract: It is desirable to increase the modulus of rubbers utilized in a wide variety of applications. This invention discloses a technique for preparing high modulus rubber compositions. By utilizing this technique, high modulus can be attained without sacrificing other properties, such as hysteresis. The subject invention more specifically relates to a process for preparing a high modulus rubber composition which comprises: (1) polymerizing at least one diisocyanate with at least one member selected from the group consisting of diols and diamines in a polymer cement of a rubbery elastomer under conditions which result in the formation of a rubber cement having the crystalline polymer dispersed therein; and (2) recovering the high modulus rubber composition from the rubber cement.

Abstract: Reinforced elastomeric articles, such as tires, wherein the reinforcement is reticulated bacterial cellulose are provided. Reticulated bacterial cellulose has an average diameter of about 0.1 micron and a substantially infinite aspect ratio. The reinforced article comprises about 2 phr to 10 phr of the cellulose reinforcement.

Abstract: It is desirable to increase the modulus of rubbers utilized in a wide variety of applications. This invention discloses a technique for preparing high modulus rubber compositions. By utilizing this technique, high modulus can be attained without sacrificing other properties, such as processability. The subject invention more specifically relates to a process for preparing a high modulus rubber composition which comprises: (1) polymerizing at least one diacid or diacid halide with at least one member selected from the group consisting of diols and diamines in a polymer cement of a rubbery elastomer under conditions which result in the formation of a rubber cement having a polyester or a polyamide dispersed therein; and (2) recovering the high modulus rubber composition from the rubber cement. It is highly desirable to make the high modulus rubber composition by interfacial polymerization.

Abstract: It is desirable to increase the modulus of rubbers utilized in a wide variety of applications. For example, it is typically desirable to increase the modulus of rubber compounds which are utilized in tire tread base compositions and in tire wire coat compounds. Unfortunately, most conventional techniques for increasing the modulus of a rubber compound are detrimental to other rubber properties, such as hysteresis and cut growth resistance. By utilizing the techniques of this invention rubber compounds can be prepared which exhibit high tensile strength, high modulus, and good cut growth resistance. The subject invention specifically relates to a process for preparing a highly dispersed blend of a polyester in an elastomer which comprises (1) blending a solution of a rubber in an organic solvent with a solution of a polyester in an organic solvent to produce a dispersion containing said rubber and said polyester, and (2) recovering the highly dispersed blend from the dispersion.

Abstract: It is desirable to increase the modulus of rubbers utilized in a wide variety of applications. This invention discloses a technique for preparing high modulus rubber compositions. By utilizing this technique, high modulus can be attained without sacrificing other properties, such as processability. The subject invention more specifically relates to a process for preparing a high modulus rubber composition which comprises: (1) polymerizing at least one diacid or diacid halid with at least one member selected from the group consisting of diols and diamines in a polymer cement of a rubbery elastomer under conditions which result in the formation of a rubber cement having a polyester or a polyamide dispersed therein; and (2) recovering the high modulus rubber composition from the rubber cement. It is highly desirable to make the high modulus rubber composition by interfacial polymerization.

Abstract: This invention discloses a copolyester which has been found to be optically anisotropic in the melt and which readily undergoes melt processing to form quality fibers and molded articles. These copolyesters are particularly suitable for use in making tire cord which has an outstanding combination of properties including tenacity, modulus, toughness and flex life. This invention specifically reveals a copolyester which is comprised of repeat units which are derived from (A) at least one member selected from the group consisting of phenyl hydroquinone, hydroxy benzoic acid and hydroxy naphthoic acid; (B) at least one diol selected from the group consisting of 1,4-bis(4-hydroxycumyl) benzene, 1,3-bis(4-hydroxycumyl) benzene, alkyl substituted 1,4-bis(4-hydroxycumyl) benzene, and alkyl substituted 1,3-bis(4-hydroxycumyl) benzene; and (C) a diacid component which is comprised of terephthalic acid and optionally up to about 10 mole percent isophthalic acid.

Abstract: This invention discloses a copolyester which has been found to be optically anisotropic in the melt and which readily undergoes melt processing to form quality fibers and molded articles. These copolyesters are particularly suitable for use in making tire cord which has an outstanding combination of properties including tenacity, modulus, toughness and flex life. This invention specifically reveals a copolyester which is comprised of repeat units which are derived from (A) at least one member selected from the group consisting of phenyl hydroquinone, hydroxy benzoic acid and hydroxy naphthoic acid; (B) at least one diol selected from the group consisting of 1,4-bis(4-hydroxycumyl) benzene, 1,3-bis(4-hydroxycumyl) benzene, alkyl substituted 1,4-bis(4-hydroxycumyl) benzene, and alkyl substituted 1,3-bis(4-hydroxycumyl) benzene; and (C) a diacid component which is comprised of terephthalic acid and optionally up to about 10 mole percent isophthalic acid.

Abstract: Specific color imparting compounds, including colorants and catalysts are used to produce a polyester resin having an amber color. The compounds are added during the preparation of the polymer and the resins produced can be utilized to make various containers or packages to hold liquids or solids.

Abstract: A polyester which when made into an article such as films, containers, bottles and the like has a very high clarity, a low haze value, and a neutral hue. In the preparation of the resin, an antimony catalyst is utilized along with small amounts of a bluing agent such as a cobalt compound and a phosphate compound with the phosphate compound generally being slightly in excess of an equivalent amount of the cobalt compound. The polyester is made from dicarboxylic acids and preferably aromatic acids such as terephthalic acid reacted with polyhydric alcohols.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of improving the brightness and color of a polyester resin and reducing the acetaldehyde content by passing the resin through molecular sieves at a temperature of from 230.degree. C. to about 300.degree. C.

Abstract: Specific color imparting compounds, including pigments and catalysts are used to produce a polyester resin having a green color. The compounds are added during polymerization of the polymer and the resins produced can be utilized to make various containers or packages to hold liquids or solids.

Abstract: Specific color imparting compounds, including pigments and catalysts are used to produce a polyester resin having a green color. The compounds are added during polymerization of the polymer and the resins produced can be utilized to make various containers or packages to hold liquids or solids.

Abstract: A process for reducing the glycol ether content in polyesters involves adding a glycol to a polyester oligomer solution prior to polymerization, distilling the oligomer solution to remove vapor containing the glycol as well as the glycol ether, and polymerizing the solution to produce a polyester containing a reduced glycol ether content.

Abstract: The invention of this application relates to strings for game rackets which are formed of large monofilaments of thermoplastic, fiber-forming resin in which the monofilaments are twisted to form a bundle and two or more bundles are cabled and twisted in the opposite direction from the twist of the bundle, the composite string being oriented and heat set to prevent unravelling of the string. The strings are laced into a game racket such as a tennis racket under a tension of about 50 pounds to form a racket which has good playing properties as well as tensile retention and good resilience retention.

Abstract: A polyester which when made into an article such as films, containers, bottles and the like has a very high clarity, a low haze value, and a neutral hue. In the preparation of the resin, an antimony catalyst is utilized along with small amounts of a bluing agent such as a cobalt compound and a phosphate compound with the phosphate compound generally being slightly in excess of an equivalent amount of the cobalt compound. The polyester is made from dicarboxylic acids and preferably aromatic acids such as terephthalic acid reacted with polyhydric alcohols.