Abstract: Shaving razors and cartridges are provided that impart warmth to a user's skin during shaving. The razors and cartridges include a phase change material.

Abstract: A cathode that includes manganese dioxide and relatively small particles of nonsynthetic, nonexpanded graphite is disclosed. The graphite particles can have an average particle size of less than 20 microns. The cathode can be used in an electrochemical cell, such as a battery.

Abstract: Shaving razors and cartridges are provided that impart warmth to a user's skin during shaving. The razors and cartridges include a phase change material.

Abstract: A cathode that includes manganese dioxide and relatively small particles of nonsynthetic, nonexpanded graphite is disclosed. The graphite particles can have an average particle size of less than 20 microns. The cathode can be used in an electrochemical cell, such as a battery.

Abstract: The invention relates to electrochemical cells having a metal current collector, particularly zinc/MnO2 primary alkaline cells wherein the cathode metal current collector is the cell's steel casing. The present invention is directed to a coating on the current collector, such as the inside surface of the steel casing of an alkaline cell, to improve the cell's performance, particularly when it is used for high power applications. In accordance with the invention the current collector or inside surface of the steel casing for the cell, is preferably preplated with nickel, then plated with a layer of cobalt or cobalt alloy, and subsequently coated with a layer of carbon over the cobalt layer. The carbon may be applied from a carbon/solvent coating mixture which is dried to evaporate the solvent carrier. The service life of the cell is improved, particularly during high power applications.

Abstract: Information such as usage or acquisition terms of a portable electrical power source, such as a battery or a battery-powered device, is used to determine a fee. The information may be communicated to an external device, e.g., over the Internet, or to a vending apparatus which recharges the battery or dispenses a fresh battery.

Abstract: A thin separator for batteries is provided. The separator includes a layer that reduces dendrite shorting and a nonwoven layer. Typically, the separator also includes a laminate layer disposed between the nonwoven layer and the layer which reduces dendrite shorting. Additional nonwoven layers can also be included in the separator.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a pressure activated current interrupt assembly for cells, particularly alkaline cells. The current interrupter is located at the closed end of the cell's housing. The current interrupter assembly comprises an electrically insulating member in proximity to the terminal at the closed end of the housing. The insulating member is in physical communication with a deflectable member formed from the cell's housing. When gas pressure within the cell builds up to exceed a predetermined value, the deflectable member deforms causing the insulating member to protrude beyond the extremity of said cell terminal, thereby preventing electrical contact between said terminal and the terminal of another cell or electrical device.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell has a wheel shaped, molded plastic seal member of a unitary construction which includes a central cylindrical hub from which depend in outward radial sequence, an annular pressure vent, a boss, a downward projecting skirt, an annular flexure means for providing radial movement and an outer rim terminating at its periphery in a cylindrical wall. The pressure vent includes a thin membrane ring depending from the hub which joins the hub to an annular diaphragm. A hinge ring joins the periphery of the diaphragm to the boss. The seal member is designed so that the membrane ring fails primarily in shear at excessive cell pressure which makes the vent more reliable and easier to fabricate.

Abstract: The present invention is an improved alkaline cell wherein the capacity of each of the anode and cathode is at least 0.48 and more preferably to at least 0.5 ampere-hour per cm.sup.3 of internal cell volume. This is achieved by employing zinc densities of at least 1.4 grams of zinc per cm.sup.3 of anode volume and MnO.sub.2 densities of at least 2.7 grams of MnO.sub.2 per cm.sup.3 of cathode volume.