Abstract: A protein (xylanase) has been identified that produces a strong immune response in pigs when added to a vaccine. The protein is added to vaccines at a particular concentration. The protein is delivered to the animal as part of the vaccine and elicits an immune reaction (antibodies are generated by the animal against the compliance marker protein). The antibodies are then detected in sera samples by a diagnostic test, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In the ELISA compliance marker assay, the marker protein (antigen) in coated onto polystyrene plates and is used to detect antibodies against the marker in sera samples. This combination of marker protein added to vaccines and the ELISA to detect antibodies raised against the marker protein can be used to determine whether a particular animal(s) has been vaccinated. The selected protein is commercially-available, identified as Generally Recognized as Safe by the FDA, and does not cause adverse reactions in animals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing a vaccine for the prevention of F. necrophorum bacterial infections, comprising isolating the F. necrophorum bacteria from a bovine species, growing the bacteria in a suitable growth medium for a period equal to between about 10 hours and about 18 hours so as to achieve a bacterial population equal to at least 1×105 CFU/mL, terminating the growth, and using a whole cell culture to form the vaccine. Additionally, the present invention relates to the vaccine comprised of a killed whole cell population of the F. necrophorum bacteria taken from a bovine. The present invention further relates to a method for preventing foot rot and liver abscesses caused by F. necrophorum bacteria.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing a vaccine for the prevention of F. necrophorum bacterial infections, comprising isolating the F. necrophorum bacteria from a bovine species, growing the bacteria in a suitable growth medium for a period equal to between about 10 hours and about 18 hours so as to achieve a bacterial population equal to at least 1×105 CFU/ml, terminating the growth, and using a whole cell culture to form the vaccine. Additionally, the present invention relates to the vaccine comprised of a killed whole cell population of the F. necrophorum bacteria taken from a bovine. The present invention further relates to a method for preventing footrot and liver abscesses caused by F. necrophorum bacteria.

Abstract: Rapid development of control programs for programmable logic controllers controlling semi-standard combinations of equipment is provided by the creation of relay ladder logic objects prestored in the programmable logic controller and invoked only as needed for the particular application. The inability of a programmable logic controller to provide for the memory management mechanisms necessary for true software object instancing is overcome by pre-storing the objects in the programmable controller with pre-allocated variable addresses. Connection of the used objects to I/O is provided by a mapper program also written in relay ladder code. The objects are associated with particular pieces of equipment and provide inter-machine control for that equipment while high level control program executed on a standard computer which controls the objects through reading and writing of object variables.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing a vaccine for the prevention of F. necrophorum bacterial infections, comprising isolating the F. necrophorum bacteria from a bovine species, growing the bacteria in a suitable growth medium for a period equal to between about 10 hours and about 18 hours so as to achieve a bacterial population equal to at least 1×105 CFU/ml, terminating the growth, and using a whole cell culture to form the vaccine. Additionally, the present invention relates to the vaccine comprised of a killed whole cell population of the F. necrophorum bacteria taken from a bovine. The present invention further relates to a method for preventing footrot and liver abscesses caused by F. necrophorum bacteria.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for immunizing an animal for the production of high levels of IgA antibodies against a lung pathogen. The method comprises administering an antigen by transthoracic injection directly into the lung of the animal, the elicited antibodies having specific activity against the administered antigen and lung pathogen of interest. The invention provides a method of stimulating the production of IgA antibodies at mucosal surfaces of the lungs to increase IgA antibody titers in lung fluids and reduce the severity of the lung disease of interest.