Abstract: The present invention provides a rechargeable battery. The battery includes a honeycomb separator which defines therein a plurality of cells separated from adjacent cells by thin, non-porous cell walls of a substantially non-porous, alkali ion conductive ceramic membrane material. The battery includes a plurality of positive electrodes, each positive electrode being disposed in a respective positive electrode cell of the honeycomb separator. Each positive electrode cell contains a positive electrode electrochemical material that undergoes electrochemical reduction during battery discharge and electrochemical oxidation during battery charge. Negative electrodes are disposed in respective negative electrode cells of the honeycomb separator. Each negative electrode cell contains a negative electrode electrochemical material that undergoes electrochemical oxidation during battery discharge and electrochemical reduction during battery charge.