Abstract: A vehicle control method and apparatus to reverse a trailer are provided. The method includes storing a moving path of a trailer connected to the vehicle by a hitch, measuring a location of the trailer or a heading of the trailer when the trailer is reversed upon activation of a reversing mode, comparing the location of the trailer or the heading of the trailer in the stored moving path of the trailer with the measured location of the trailer or the measured heading of the trailer, and minimizing a difference between the location of the trailer in the stored moving path of the trailer and the measured location of the trailer, or a difference between the heading of the trailer in the stored moving path of the trailer and the measured heading of the trailer, and t performing an operation of reversing the trailer.

Abstract: A vehicle control method and apparatus to reverse a trailer are provided. The method includes storing a moving path of a trailer connected to the vehicle by a hitch, measuring a location of the trailer or a heading of the trailer when the trailer is reversed upon activation of a reversing mode, comparing the location of the trailer or the heading of the trailer in the stored moving path of the trailer with the measured location of the trailer or the measured heading of the trailer, and minimizing a difference between the location of the trailer in the stored moving path of the trailer and the measured location of the trailer, or a difference between the heading of the trailer in the stored moving path of the trailer and the measured heading of the trailer, and t performing an operation of reversing the trailer.

Abstract: A parking method includes searching a moving path of a trailer, giving a movement instruction to a vehicle, based on the moving path of the trailer, measuring one or both of a current location of the trailer and a current direction of the trailer according to the movement instruction, comparing one or both of a desired location of the trailer and a desired direction of the trailer in the moving path of the trailer with one or both of the current location of the trailer and the current direction of the trailer; and moving the trailer to a parking space, based on a result of the comparing.

Abstract: A process for producing a fuel from lignocellulosic biomass is disclosed. The process includes obtaining a feedstock comprising lignocellulosic biomass, pretreating a slurry containing the lignocellulosic feedstock, sulfur dioxide, and optionally a bisulfite salt, at temperatures between 110° C. and 160° C. for at least 30 minutes. The pretreatment includes subjecting the slurry to a pH adjustment, which includes adding alkali to the slurry, removing lignosulfonic acid from the slurry, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: A process for converting lignocellulosic biomass to glucose or ethanol includes subjecting the lignocellulosic biomass to a SO2 pretreatment within the temperature range 110° C.-150° C. Good glucose yields have been achieved when the SO2 pretreatment is conducted for more than 90 minutes and when the total amount of SO2 available is greater than 20 wt % based on dry weight of lignocellulosic biomass.

Abstract: An apparatus configured to prevent at least one vulnerable road user (VRU) from having an accident including a driver monitoring unit configured to utilize at least one sensor provided in a vehicle to detect a gaze area corresponding to a gaze direction of a driver of the vehicle, a VRU monitoring unit configured to calculate position information including current position and predicted motion information of the VRU existing in a peripheral area of the vehicle, the VRU is detected by using the at least one sensor, a detection unit configured to detect whether the driver is aware of the VRU and whether the VRU is aware of the driver based on a gaze area of the driver and the position information of the VRU, and a warning processing unit configured to output warning information on a dangerous situation to some or all of the driver and the VRU in response to a detection result of the detection unit.

Abstract: An apparatus configured to prevent at least one vulnerable road user (VRU) from having an accident including a driver monitoring unit configured to utilize at least one sensor provided in a vehicle to detect a gaze area corresponding to a gaze direction of a driver of the vehicle, a VRU monitoring unit configured to calculate position information including current position and predicted motion information of the VRU existing in a peripheral area of the vehicle, the VRU is detected by using the at least one sensor, a detection unit configured to detect whether the driver is aware of the VRU and whether the VRU is aware of the driver based on a gaze area of the driver and the position information of the VRU, and a warning processing unit configured to output warning information on a dangerous situation to some or all of the driver and the VRU in response to a detection result of the detection unit.

Abstract: A process for converting lignocellulosic biomass to glucose or ethanol includes subjecting the lignocellulosic biomass to a SO2 pretreatment within the temperature range 110° C.-150° C. Good glucose yields have been achieved when the SO2 pretreatment is conducted for more than 90 minutes and when the total amount of SO2 available is greater than 20 wt % based on dry weight of lignocellulosic biomass.

Abstract: A process for obtaining lipids containing highly unsaturated fatty acids from plant or animal material, including contacting the material with liquid dimethyl ether to give a dimethyl ether solution containing lipids and a residue of plant or animal material, separating the solution from the residue of plant or animal material, and recovering lipids from the solution.

Abstract: A flexible wrap of rotatably interlocking fluted strips is provided. The fluted strips may have similarly shaped cross-sectional areas and be rotatably interconnected with one another such that the flexible wrap may be wrapped around an object. One end of a fluted strip may have a socket means for rotatably interlocking with an adjacent fluted strip. The socket means may have a circular inner diameter and two curved arms with an opening between their ends. The opposite end of the fluted strip may have a ball means for rotatably interlocking with another adjacent fluted strip. The ball means may have a circular outer diameter sized to slide into the circular inner diameter of the socket means of an adjacent fluted strip, and an arm sized to slide between the opening of the curved arms, during assembly. One fluted strip may be designed to join in the middle to facilitate wrapping.

Abstract: Collection apparatus are installed in a horizontal separator vessel to aid conventional coalescing media to remove mist and droplets from a gas flow, typically downstream from a compressor. The collection apparatus have filaments which act to wick the coalesced droplets either from the conventional coalescing media or from the sides of the vessel toward an annular channel which collects the droplets and assists in delivering the droplets, by gravity, to the bottom of horizontal vessel where they are carried to a collection area. Use of the collection apparatus permits a reduction in the size of the separator vessel and further permits vapor load factors of up to about 10 times that in a conventionally designed separator vessel.

Abstract: A flexible wrap of rotatably interlocking fluted strips is provided. The fluted strips may have similarly shaped cross-sectional areas and be rotatably interconnected with one another such that the flexible wrap may be wrapped around an object. One end of a fluted strip may have a socket means for rotatably interlocking with an adjacent fluted strip. The socket means may have a circular inner diameter and two curved arms with an opening between their ends. The opposite end of the fluted strip may have a ball means for rotatably interlocking with another adjacent fluted strip. The ball means may have a circular outer diameter sized to slide into the circular inner diameter of the socket means of an adjacent fluted strip, and an arm sized to slide between the opening of the curved arms, during assembly. One fluted strip may be designed to join in the middle to facilitate wrapping.

Abstract: A process for obtaining lipids containing highly unsaturated fatty acids from plant or animal material, including contacting the material with liquid dimethyl ether to give a dimethyl ether solution containing lipids and a residue of plant or animal material, separating the solution from the residue of plant or animal material, and recovering lipids from the solution.

Abstract: A process for extracting a wide range of lipophilic compounds from urea-containing solutions is described. The process utilises a near-critical fluid as the extraction solvent. The process is particularly applicable to the extraction of polyunsaturated fatty acids from the filtrate obtained upon urea fractionation, as employed in the processing of fish and other oils. In contrast to known processes, the lipophilic compounds may be extracted without the use of non-food grade solvents, and are suitable for pharmaceutical and cosmetic use.

Abstract: Collection apparatus are installed in a horizontal separator vessel to aid conventional coalescing media to remove mist and droplets from a gas flow, typically downstream from a compressor. The collection apparatus have filaments which act to wick the coalesced droplets either from the conventional coalescing media or from the sides of the vessel toward an annular channel which collects the droplets and assists in delivering the droplets, by gravity, to the bottom of horizontal vessel where they are carried to a collection area. Use of the collection apparatus permits a reduction in the size of the separator vessel and further permits vapor load factors of up to about 10 times that in a conventionally designed separator vessel.

Abstract: A surface vehicle capable of overcoming obstacles is disclosed in which the vehicle accelerates vertically while having a horizontal velocity. The vehicle has a frame and at least three wheels attached to the frame to which a horizontal propulsion system is coupled. Further, a vertical propulsion system is coupled to the frame and the wheels. The vertical propulsion system is capable of providing a force to such wheels normal to the surface so that the vehicle separates from the surface. The vehicle has an electronic control unit coupled to the vertical propulsion system to automatically control its operation.

Abstract: Secure communication protocols are disclosed in which two parties generate a shared secret which may be used as a secure session key for communication between the parties. The protocols are based on Diffie-Hellman type key exchange in which a Diffie-Hellman value is combined with a function of at least a password using the group operation such that the Diffie-Hellman value may be extracted by the other party using the inverse group operation and knowledge of the password. In one embodiment, each of the parties explicitly authenticates the other party, while in another embodiment, the parties utilize implicit authentication relying on the generation of an appropriate secret session key to provide the implicit authentication. Typically, the parties will be a client computer and a server computer.

Abstract: A password-only mutual network authentication protocol and key exchange protocol using a public key encryption scheme in which a server generates a public key/secret key pair and transmits the public key to a client. The client determines whether the public key was chosen in an acceptable manner, and if so, continues with the protocol. Otherwise, the client rejects authentication. If the protocol is continued, in one embodiment the client generates a parameterp as a function of the public key and a password (or, in an alternate embodiment, as a function of the public key and a function of a password). If the public key space mapping function FPK applied to p, FPK(p), is an element of the public key message space, then the protocol continues. If FPK(p) is not an element of the public key message space, then the client determines to reject authentication, but continues with the protocol so that the server does not gain any information about the password.

Abstract: An extract obtained from shark meat, which extract is capable of inhibiting angiogenesis in an animal. A process for obtaining the extract by contacting shark meat with a solvent, separating the resulting solution from the meat, then removing the solvent to give an extract which is an inhibitor of angiogenesis. The use of the extract for treatment of diseases associated with angiogenesis including cancer, retinopathy, inflammation, and arthritis.