Abstract: A metal cored wire for submerged arc welding, the wire comprising a steel sheath with a core comprising powders of: carbon in a range of about 0.3 wt. % to about 1.2 wt. %; silicon in a range of about 0.1 wt. % to about 3.0 wt. %; manganese in a range of about 9.0 wt. % to about 30 wt. %; chromium in an amount less than about 8 wt. %; nickel in an amount less than about 6 wt. %; molybdenum in an amount less than about 6 wt. %; tungsten in an amount less than about 5 wt. %; copper in an amount less than about 4 wt. %; niobium in an amount less than about 2 wt. %; vanadium in an amount less than about 2 wt. %; titanium in an amount less than about 2 wt. %; nitrogen in an amount less than about 0.4 wt. %; boron in an amount less than about 1 wt. %; at least one of: (i) sulfur in an amount less than about 0.3 wt. %; (ii) phosphorous in an amount less than about 0.03 wt. %; or a combination thereof; and the balance with iron.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a welding composition for joining high manganese steel base metals to low carbon steel base metals, as well as systems and methods for the same. The composition includes: carbon in a range of about 0.1 wt % to about 0.4 wt %; manganese in a range of about 15 wt % to about 25 wt %; chromium in a range of about 2.0 wt % to about 8.0 wt %; molybdenum in an amount of ? about 2.0 wt %; nickel in an amount of ? about 10 wt %; silicon in an amount of ? about 0.7 wt %; sulfur in an amount of ? about 100 ppm; phosphorus in an amount of ? about 200 ppm; and a balance comprising iron. In an embodiment, the composition has an austenitic microstructure.

Abstract: Welding compositions for high manganese steel base metals, the composition comprising: carbon in a range of about 0.4 wt % to about 0.8 wt %; manganese in a range of about 18 wt % to about 24 wt %; chromium in an amount of about 6 wt %; molybdenum in an amount of about <4 wt %; nickel in an amount of about <5 wt %; silicon in an amount of about 0.4 wt % to about 1.0 wt %; sulfur in an amount of about <200 ppm; phosphorus in an amount of about <200 ppm; and the balance comprising iron.

Abstract: A metal cored wire for submerged arc welding, the wire comprising a steel sheath with a core comprising powders of: carbon in a range of about 0.3 wt. % to about 1.2 wt. %; silicon in a range of about 0.1 wt. % to about 3.0 wt. %; manganese in a range of about 9.0 wt. % to about 30 wt. %; chromium in an amount less than about 8 wt. %; nickel in an amount less than about 6 wt. %; molybdenum in an amount less than about 6 wt. %; tungsten in an amount less than about 5 wt. %; copper in an amount less than about 4 wt. %; niobium in an amount less than about 2 wt. %; vanadium in an amount less than about 2 wt. %; titanium in an amount less than about 2 wt. %; nitrogen in an amount less than about 0.4 wt. %; boron in an amount less than about 1 wt. %; at least one of: (i) sulfur in an amount less than about 0.3 wt. %; (ii) phosphorous in an amount less than about 0.03 wt. %; or a combination thereof; and the balance with iron.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a welding composition for joining high manganese steel base metals and methods of applying the same. The composition includes: carbon in a range of about 0.4 wt % to about 0.8 wt %; manganese in a range of about 18 wt % to about 24 wt %; chromium in an amount of ? about 6 wt %; molybdenum in an amount of ? about 4 wt %; nickel in an amount of ? about 5 wt %; silicon in an amount of about 0.4 wt % to about 1.0 wt %; sulfur in an amount of ? about 200 ppm; phosphorus in an amount of ? about 200 ppm; and a balance including iron. In an embodiment, the composition has an austenitic phase.

Abstract: Improved steel welds, article for making the same, and methods of making the same are provided. The present disclosure provides advantageous erosion, corrosion and/or cracking resistant weld metal. More particularly, the present disclosure provides high manganese (Mn) weld metal compositions having enhanced erosion, corrosion and/or cracking resistance, articles for the production of the high manganese weld metal compositions having enhanced erosion, corrosion, and/or cracking resistance, and methods for fabricating high manganese weld metal compositions having enhanced erosion, corrosion and/or cracking resistance.

Abstract: Weld metals and methods for welding ferritic steels are provided. The weld metals have high strength and high ductile tearing resistance and are suitable for use in strain based pipelines. The weld metals are comprised of between 0.03 and 0.08 wt % carbon, between 2.0 and 3.5 wt % nickel, not greater than about 2.0 wt % manganese, not greater than about 0.80 wt % molybdenum, not greater than about 0.70 wt % silicon, not greater than about 0.03 wt % aluminum, not greater than 0.02 wt % titanium, not greater than 0.04 wt % zirconium, between 100 and 225 ppm oxygen, not greater than about 100 ppm nitrogen, not greater than about 100 ppm sulfur, not greater than about 100 ppm phosphorus, and the balance essentially iron. The weld metals are applied using a power source with pulsed current waveform control with <5% CO2 and <2% oxygen in the shielding gas.

Abstract: A steel composition and method from making a dual phase steel therefrom. The dual phase steel may have carbon of about 0.05% by weight to about 0.12 wt %; niobium of about 0.005 wt % to about 0.03 wt %; titanium of about 0.005 wt % to about 0.02 wt %; nitrogen of about 0.001 wt % to about 0.01 wt %; silicon of about 0.01 wt % to about 0.5 wt %; manganese of about 0.5 wt % to about 2.0 wt %; and a total of molybdenum, chromium, vanadium and copper less than about 0.15 wt %. The steel may have a first phase consisting of ferrite and a second phase having one or more of carbide, pearlite, martensite, lower bainite, granular bainite, upper bainite, and degenerate upper bainite. A solute carbon content in the first phase may be about 0.01 wt % or less.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a welding composition for joining high manganese steel base metals and methods of applying the same. The composition includes: carbon in a range of about 0.4 wt % to about 0.8 wt %; manganese in a range of about 18 wt % to about 24 wt %; chromium in an amount of ?about 6 wt %; molybdenum in an amount of ?about 4 wt %; nickel in an amount of ?about 5 wt %; silicon in an amount of about 0.4 wt % to about 1.0 wt %; sulfur in an amount of ?about 200 ppm; phosphorus in an amount of ?about 200 ppm; and a balance including iron. In an embodiment, the composition has an austenitic phase.

Abstract: Improved steel compositions and methods of making the same are provided. More particularly, the present disclosure provides high manganese (Mn) steel having enhanced strength and/or performance at cryogenic temperatures, and methods for fabricating high manganese steel compositions having enhanced strength and/or performance at cryogenic temperatures. The advantageous steel compositions/components of the present disclosure improve one or more of the following properties: strength, toughness, elastic modulus, thermal expansion coefficient and/or thermal conductivity. In general, the present disclosure provides high manganese steels tailored to resist wear and/or deformation at cryogenic temperatures.

Abstract: Weld metals and methods for welding ferritic steels are provided. The weld metals have high strength and high ductile tearing resistance and are suitable for use in strain based pipelines. The weld metal contains retained austenite and has a cellular microstructure with cell walls containing lath martensite and cell interiors containing degenerate upper bainite. The weld metals are comprised of between 0.02 and 0.12 wt % carbon, between 7.50 and 14.50 wt % nickel, not greater than about 1.00 wt % manganese, not greater than about 0.30 wt % silicon, not greater than about 150 ppm oxygen, not greater than about 100 ppm sulfur, not greater than about 75 ppm phosphorus, and the balance essentially iron. Other elements may be added to enhance the properties of the weld metal. The weld metals are applied using a power source with current waveform control which produces a smooth, controlled welding arc and weld pool in the absence of CO2 or oxygen in the shielding gas.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a welding composition for joining high manganese steel base metals to low carbon steel base metals, as well as systems and methods for the same. The composition includes: carbon in a range of about 0.1 wt % to about 0.4 wt %; manganese in a range of about 15 wt % to about 25 wt %; chromium in a range of about 2.0 wt % to about 8.0 wt %; molybdenum in an amount of ? about 2.0 wt %; nickel in an amount of ? about 10 wt %; silicon in an amount of ? about 0.7 wt %; sulfur in an amount of ? about 100 ppm; phosphorus in an amount of ? about 200 ppm; and a balance comprising iron. In an embodiment, the composition has an austenitic microstructure.

Abstract: Improved steel welds, article for making the same, and methods of making the same are provided. The present disclosure provides advantageous erosion, corrosion and/or cracking resistant weld metal. More particularly, the present disclosure provides high manganese (Mn) weld metal compositions having enhanced erosion, corrosion and/or cracking resistance, articles for the production of the high manganese weld metal compositions having enhanced erosion, corrosion, and/or cracking resistance, and methods for fabricating high manganese weld metal compositions having enhanced erosion, corrosion and/or cracking resistance.

Abstract: Weld metals and methods for welding ferritic steels are provided. The weld metals have high strength and high ductile tearing resistance and are suitable for use in strain based pipelines. The weld metals are comprised of between 0.03 and 0.08 wt % carbon, between 2.0 and 3.5 wt % nickel, not greater than about 2.0 wt % manganese, not greater than about 0.80 wt % molybdenum, not greater than about 0.70 wt % silicon, not greater than about 0.03 wt % aluminum, not greater than 0.02 wt % titanium, not greater than 0.04 wt % zirconium, between 100 and 225 ppm oxygen, not greater than about 100 ppm nitrogen, not greater than about 100 ppm sulfur, not greater than about 100 ppm phosphorus, and the balance essentially iron. The weld metals are applied using a power source with pulsed current waveform control with <5% CO2 and <2% oxygen in the shielding gas.

Abstract: Systems and methods for decreasing abrasive wear in a pipeline that is configured to transfer a slurry that includes a liquid and solid particles. The pipeline includes a pipe that defines a pipeline conduit and an energy dissipation layer that is within the pipeline conduit and through which a portion of the slurry flows. The slurry may flow at high velocity and/or with high turbulence, and it may contain hydrocarbons. The systems and methods may include an energy dissipation layer to decrease the kinetic energy of a buffer portion of the slurry that flows through the energy dissipation layer relative to the kinetic energy of a central portion of the slurry that flows through a central region of the pipe. This decrease in the kinetic energy of the buffer portion of the slurry may decrease abrasion of the pipe by the slurry.

Abstract: Weld metals and methods for welding ferritic steels are provided. The weld metals have high strength and high ductile tearing resistance and are suitable for use in strain based pipelines. The weld metal contains retained austenite and has a cellular microstructure with cell walls containing lath martensite and cell interiors containing degenerate upper bainite. The weld metals are comprised of between 0.02 and 0.12 wt % carbon, between 7.50 and 14.50 wt % nickel, not greater than about 1.00 wt % manganese, not greater than about 0.30 wt % silicon, not greater than about 150 ppm oxygen, not greater than about 100 ppm sulfur, not greater than about 75 ppm phosphorus, and the balance essentially iron. Other elements may be added to enhance the properties of the weld metal. The weld metals are applied using a power source with current waveform control which produces a smooth, controlled welding arc and weld pool in the absence of CO2 or oxygen in the shielding gas.

Abstract: A steel composition and method from making a dual phase steel therefrom. The dual phase steel may have carbon of about 0.05% by weight to about 0.12 wt %; niobium of about 0.005 wt % to about 0.03 wt %; titanium of about 0.005 wt % to about 0.02 wt %; nitrogen of about 0.001 wt % to about 0.01 wt %; silicon of about 0.01 wt % to about 0.5 wt %; manganese of about 0.5 wt % to about 2.0 wt %; and a total of molybdenum, chromium, vanadium and copper less than about 0.15 wt %. The steel may have a first phase consisting of ferrite and a second phase having one or more of carbide, pearlite, martensite, lower bainite, granular bainite, upper bainite, and degenerate upper bainite. A solute carbon content in the first phase may be about 0.01 wt % or less.

Abstract: Provided are metal structures and methods of forming such structures for use in oil, gas and/or petrochemical applications that are joined with non-ferrous weld metal compositions or a high alloy weld metal compositions. The welded metal structures include two or more segments of ferrous or non-ferrous components, and fusion welds, friction stir welds or a combination thereof bonding adjacent segments of the components together, wherein the welds comprise a non-ferrous weld metal composition or a high alloy weld metal composition that is substantially different from the metal composition of the two or more components. The resultant welded structures exhibit improvements in fatigue resistance, toughness, strain capacity, strength, stress corrosion cracking resistance, and hydrogen embrittlement resistance compared to traditional iron-based weld compositions.

Abstract: A method for welding and repairing cracks in metal parts is provided by subjecting the metal parts to be welded to friction stir welding and the cracks to be repaired to friction stir processing under conditions sufficient to provide a weld joint or crack repair having a preselected property or set of properties based upon the intended use of the weldment. The FSW and FSP methods are advantageous in joining and repairing metal structures and components in applications for natural gas transportation and storage, oil and gas well completion and production, and oil and gas refinery and chemical plants.

Abstract: A steel composition and method from making a dual phase steel therefrom. The dual phase steel may have carbon of about 0.05% by weight to about 0.12 wt %; niobium of about 0.005 wt % to about 0.03 wt %; titanium of about 0.005 wt % to about 0.02 wt %; nitrogen of about 0.001 wt % to about 0.01 wt %; silicon of about 0.01 wt % to about 0.5 wt %; manganese of about 0.5 wt % to about 2.0 wt %; and a total of molybdenum, chromium, vanadium and copper less than about 0.15 wt %. The steel may have a first phase consisting of ferrite and a second phase having one or more of carbide, pearlite, martensite, lower bainite, granular bainite, upper bainite, and degenerate upper bainite. A solute carbon content in the first phase may be about 0.01 wt % or less.