Abstract: A kit is described that can be used for measuring free chlorine in water. The kit includes a buffer with potassium maleate and an indicator. A method for measuring a concentration of free chlorine in a water system includes adding an indicator and a buffer with potassium maleate to a water sample collected from the water system, measuring a light absorbance of the water sample after the indicator and the buffer have been added to the water sample, and determining a concentration of the free chlorine in the water system based on the measured light absorbance.

Abstract: A reagent for chlorine analysis includes N,N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DPD), an inorganic chloride salt at a concentration of 0.5 M or more, and water. Additionally, a method for detecting chlorine in an aqueous sample includes subjecting a test sample to photometry. The test sample includes the aqueous sample; and a DPD reagent that includes DPD, an inorganic chloride salt at a concentration of 0.5 M or more, and water. The reagent and detection method can be used with minimal or no strong acids.

Abstract: Methods and devices for transporting, cleaning or storing materials such as alternative fuels like shelled corn or wood pellets. Material is transferred to a first container through a transfer conduit as a result of negative pressure created by a vacuum. Small, lighter impurities such as corn dust, red-eyes, bees-wings and the like are removed from the material by the vacuum as the material enters the first container. The material then passes from the first container to a second container. The material is then transferred through the second container by way of a paddlewheel which is driven by a motor. As the material exits the second container it passes through a screen which prevents large, heavier impurities such as stones, husks and the like from passing. The cleaned material then enters either a storage container or a holding compartment where it can be stored or consumed as fuel.

Abstract: A cell for chemical analysis is disclosed that increases the surface area over standard discrete cells for approximately the same sample volume. The surface area is pre-coated with a reaction agent, enzyme, or chemical to facilitate testing of the sample. The cell may be in a configuration to contain any toxic reaction agent after use.