Abstract: Optical film encoding apparatus comprising an LED with a pair of wire leads, and means for supporting the LED including its wire leads to precisely position the LED opposite a filmstrip to be optically encoded, is characterized in that the supporting means supports each one of the wire leads suitably bent at multiple angles to prevent stray ambient light from following the wire leads towards the filmstrip. Preferably, the supporting means includes a lead spreader which supports the wire leads bent at an initial one of the multiple angles closest to the LED in opposite directions to dynamically balance the deformation forces applied to the wire leads due to their being bent. This is done to prevent the deformation forces from otherwise tending to shift the LED from being precisely positioned relative to the filmstrip.

Abstract: A film and battery unit comprises a filmstrip having a photosensitive side with successive imaging areas at which respective exposures are to be made and a non-photosensitive side, and a thin, flat, flexible battery extending at least substantially along the non-photosensitive side of the filmstrip for providing electrical energy incidental to making the exposures, whereby the filmstrip and the flexible battery can be coiled into a roll inside a film cassette for example. Preferably, an adhesive releasably secures the flexible battery to the non-photosensitive side of the filmstrip to allow the flexible battery to be stripped from the filmstrip before the filmstrip is chemically processed to render the exposures visible.

Abstract: A system is provided that causes the CRT of a CRT printer to produce images on the screen of the CRT that have the same illumination for the same CRT input signal, irregardless of the temperature variation, drift and aging of the components of the CRT video amplifier and drive circuit. The system also provides enhanced means of horizontal and vertical blanking combined with shutter control of the CRT.

Abstract: A system is provided that causes the CRT of a CRT printer to produce images on the screen of the CRT, which when projected onto a photographic media will have uniform illumination at all points on the photographic media. The system accomplishes the foregoing by dynamically changing the amplitude (gain) of the video image signal applied to the CRT.

Abstract: A video sync removal circuit utilizes three bidirectional, voltage-controlled linear switches and a capacitor to remove the sync component from a video signal without introducing any non-linearities in the output video signal. The first of the switches is connected to pass the video signal through the circuit. The second switch is connected to pass the video signal to the capacitor and the third switch is connected to pass the voltage level on the capacitor to the output of the first switch. Two waveforms are generated to operate the switches: one waveform opens the first switch during the sync interval, thus blocking the sync component. The second waveform closes the second switch during a black level interval of the video signal, thus charging the capacitor to the black level. By closing the third switch during the sync interval (using the inverse of the first waveform), the black level voltage on the capacitor is substituted for the sync component in the output video signal.

Abstract: A color video printer for producing a color photographic copy from a color video signal. A self-processing color photographic element is exposed to a sequence of six color field images constituting a full frame of a color video image. The printer includes a monochrome cathode-ray-tube (CRT) and a rotatable color filter have red (R), green (G) and blue (B) filters which are sequentially moved into an optical path between the CRT and the photographic element positioned at an exposure station. A video signal circuit provides a color video signal including concurrent R,G,B component signals which are modified with additional gain in the near white region to compensate for the drop off in white sensitivity of the photographic element in this region. A gate is selectively actuated to apply one of the white compensated color component signals to the CRT to effect exposure of the photographic element.

Abstract: A color video printer for producing a color photographic copy from a color video signal. A self-processing color photographic element is exposed to a sequence of six color field images constituting a full frame of a color video image. The printer includes a monochrome cathode-ray-tube (CRT) and a rotatable color filter having red (R), green (G) and blue (B) filters which are sequentially moved into an optical path between the CRT and the self-processing photographic element positioned at an exposure station. A video signal circuit provides a color video signal to be copied. The color video signal includes luminance and chrominance signals which are demodulated to concurrent R, G, and B component signals. The luminance signal is amplified by a variable gain amplifier which reduces the level of the luminance signal in response to detection of the level of one of the color component signals exceeding a predetermined limit. A gate is selectively actuated to apply one of the color component signals to the CRT.

Abstract: In a VIR-responsive television receiver that also includes a manually-operated tint preference control, a circuit for indicating correct setting of that control. A comparator detects approximate equality between the VIR tint control voltage and the tint preference voltage. An LED, driven by the comparator, indicates the existence of this condition.

Abstract: A circuit utilizing a single clamp, and therefore requiring only a single bias supply, to DC clamp the inputs of the three chrominance amplifiers is shown. The clamp employs a switch that is connected to the bias supply and coupled by separate diodes to the inputs of the chrominance amplifiers. The switch and diodes are conductive only during the horizontal retrace period. As a result, during the retrace period, the amplifier inputs are clamped to a DC value determined by the bias supply; during the trace, or information-bearing period the inputs are isolated from the supply, as well as from each other.

Abstract: A DC controlled amplifier is used to control the chrominance gain, and hence the color saturation, of a television receiver. The voltage on the wiper of a Color Control variable resistor and the output of an Automatic Color Level (ACL) detector are combined in a summing network to provide a DC voltage to the controlled amplifier. The ACL detector develops an output voltage that tends to maintain the peak-to-peak chrominance signal, and therefore the color saturation, at or below a threshold level. A control tracking circuit varies the threshold level in accordance with the voltage on the wiper of the color control variable resistor, thereby maintaining the dynamic range of the Automatic Color Level Control System relatively independent of the setting of the Color Control.

Abstract: Contrast and color levels in a color television receiver are automatically varied with ambient light variations by an RC circuit AC coupling an ambient light responsive device to a luminance signal channel and DC coupling the ambient light responsive device to a DC potential source and a chrominance signal channel.