Abstract: A self-cleaning valve assembly is provided, such as for use in a vacuum cleaner such as a particularly advantageous vacuum cleaner system that has at least two filters and self-cleans its filters via back-flushing, without needing to stop normal operation to self-clean. Also, a vacuum cleaner is provided that uses permanent, self-cleaning filters, and does not need disposable filters or filter bags, and advantageously can use inexpensive plastic bags. In another vacuum cleaner system, waste is collected in an ordinary plastic bag without any special preparation or modification of the bag being needed. Further, an inventive self-cleaning X-valve assembly cleans itself and is useable in the vacuum cleaner system.

Abstract: A self-cleaning valve assembly is provided, such as for use in a vacuum cleaner such as a particularly advantageous vacuum cleaner system that has at least two filters and self-cleans its filters via back-flushing, without needing to stop normal operation to self-clean. Also, a vacuum cleaner is provided that uses permanent, self-cleaning filters, and does not need disposable filters or filter bags, and advantageously can use inexpensive plastic bags. In another vacuum cleaner system, waste is collected in an ordinary plastic bag without any special preparation or modification of the bag being needed. Further, an inventive self-cleaning X-valve assembly cleans itself and is useable in the vacuum cleaner system.

Abstract: Apparatus and method is provided for converting a long indefinite length of wire from a supply bundle into a measured length, tightly wound coil. The wire is driven from the supply by a constant speed capstan to a winding station. A measured length of wire is wrapped around a mandrel between a pair of flanges under controlled tension conditions. After winding, a series of bands are passed through the coil bore and respective ends of banding material are twisted together and flattened against the coil surface. The banded coil is ejected from the mandrel to a conveyor or container.

Abstract: Apparatus and method is provided for converting a long indefinite length of wire from a supply bundle into a measured length, tightly wound coil. The wire is driven from the supply by a constant speed capstan to a winding station. A measured length of wire is wrapped around a mandrel between a pair of flanges under controlled tension conditions. After winding, a series of bands are passed through the coil bore and respective ends of banding material are twisted together and flattened against the coil surface. The banded coil is ejected from the mandrel to a conveyor or container.