Abstract: Capacitor anodes that include metallic columns formed on a substrate so as to form a porous microstructure and methods of making the anodes are described. The metallic columns can be distinct from one another and project outward from the substrate. Also described is the formation of the metallic columns on the substrate by vapor deposition, including glancing angle deposition (GLAD), and by etching a portion of a metal layer. High capacitance capacitors made from the capacitor anodes are also described.

Abstract: Methods of forming tantalum powders and other valve metal powders are described. The method involves high impact milling a starting powder in a fluid medium and optionally a milling media using a high energy mill. The methods of the present invention have the ability to reduce DC leakage and/or increase capacitance capabilities of valve metal powders when formed into capacitor anodes. The methods of present invention further reduce the milling time necessary to form high surface area valve metal powders and leads to reducing contaminant levels in the valve metal powders. The process is particularly well-suited for forming metal flakes, such as tantalum or niobium flakes, of high purity.

Abstract: Capacitor anodes that include metallic columns formed on a substrate so as to form a porous microstructure and methods of making the anodes are described. The metallic columns can be distinct from one another and project outward from the substrate. Also described is the formation of the metallic columns on the substrate by vapor deposition, including glancing angle deposition (GLAD), and by etching a portion of a metal layer. High capacitance capacitors made from the capacitor anodes are also described.

Abstract: Methods of forming tantalum powders and other valve metal powders are described. The method involves high impact milling a starting powder in a fluid medium and optionally a milling media using a high energy mill. The methods of the present invention have the ability to reduce DC leakage and/or increase capacitance capabilities of valve metal powders when formed into capacitor anodes. The methods of present invention further reduce the milling time necessary to form high surface area valve metal powders and leads to reducing contaminant levels in the valve metal powders. The process is particularly well-suited for forming metal flakes, such as tantalum or niobium flakes, of high purity.

Abstract: A process for producing polymer in a gas phase reactor by introducing a stream of monomer and gas into a polymerization zone while providing at least one liquid component in the polymerization zone.

Abstract: A process for producing polymer in a gas phase reactor by introducing a stream of monomer and gas into a polymerization zone while providing at least one liquid component in the polymerization zone.

Abstract: A process for producing polymer in a gas phase reactor by introducing a stream of monomer and gas into a polymerization zone while providing at least one liquid component in the polymerization zone.

Abstract: There is provided a bulk handling method for maintaining granular material in a free-flowing state in a vessel during storing, transporting, or while in an idle mode in a fluidized-bed reactor or purger.

Abstract: A process for producing polymer in a gas phase reactor by introducing a stream of monomer and gas into a polymerization zone while providing at least one liquid component in the polymerization zone.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process and apparatus for feeding powders such as fine, cohesive, or powdery particulate materials from a low pressure system to a high pressure system. In a preferred embodiment a process and apparatus of pressurizing and feeding carbon black fluff to a polymerization reactor is provided particularly a gas phase fluidized polymerization reactor to provide for a close-coupling of a carbon black reactor to a polymerization reactor.

Abstract: A process for producing polymer in a gas phase reactor by introducing a stream of monomer and gas into a polymerization zone while providing at least one liquid component in the polymerization zone.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process and apparatus for feeding powders such as fine, cohesive, or powdery particulate materials from a low pressure system to a high pressure system. There is provided in a preferred embodiment a process and apparatus of pressurizing and feeding carbon black fluff to a polymerization reactor, particularly a gas phase fluidized polymerization reactor to provide for a close-coupling of a carbon black reactor to a polymerization reactor.

Abstract: There is provided a process and apparatus which utilizes a purger capable of handling different solids having different particle sizes and operating at a purge gas velocity higher than the minimum fluidization velocity of solids without gas channeling or solids backmixing. The purger has tapered walls and a conically-shaped, gas-permeable, solids-impermeable constraint means.

Abstract: A process for removing unpolymerized monomers from a solid olefin polymer containing the monomers by countercurrently feeding an inert purge gas through a bed of polymer in a cylindrical purge vessel having tapered walls wherein the vessel has a height to bottom diameter ratio of 0.5:1 to 10:1 and the walls have a tapered angle based on a vertical axis of 0.5 to 15 degrees. An apparatus for removing unpolymerized monomers from a solid olefin polymer containing the monomers which comprises, a cylindrical purge vessel having tapered walls wherein the vessel has a height to bottom diameter ratio of 0.5:1 to 10:1 and the walls have a tapered angle based on a vertical axis of 0.5 to 15 degrees; a solids inlet disposed in an upper portion of the vessel; a solids discharge disposed in a lower portion of the vessel; gas entry means disposed within or below a bed of solids, and gas discharge means disposed in the upper portion of the vessel.

Abstract: An article of manufacture comprising (i) a double cone having apexes at opposite ends, said double cone having independent gas inlet means at about the apex of the first cone and multiple independent gas outlet means in the second cone, and (ii) a hollow tube, open at both ends, inside the double cone running from one apex to the other apex having independent gas inlet means at the apex of the first cone and independent gas outlet means at the apex of the second cone.

Abstract: A process for removing unpolymerized gaseous monomers from a solid olefin polymer containing said gaseous monomers by feeding an inert purge gas through a vessel containing constraint means which defines the upper limit of an expandable bed in the vessel and countercurrently contacting the solid polymer under expanded bed conditions.

Abstract: A process for substantially removing and recovering unreacted diene monomer from ethylene propylene diene monomer resin produced in a fluidized bed reactor by purging the resin with steam in a purging zone, the resin being introduced in the purging zone at a temperature above the temperature of the steam in the purging zone.