Abstract: Provided herein are methods for modifying an arginine residue to provide a reactive handle suitable for attaching the arginine residue to a label, linker, or other target molecule. The methods utilize an Arnold Salt to convert the guanidine group of the arginine residue into a formylpyrimidine, and are efficient and very selective. Provided herein are mild reaction conditions for this arginine modification, making it suitable for use with complex biomolecules like proteins. The methods can include one or more additional steps to attach the modified arginine to a linker for further manipulation or for connecting the arginine residue to a target compound. Provided methods are especially useful for covalently linking an arginine-containing peptide to a target molecule such as a polynucleotide.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for applying adhesive transfer tape, including an adhesive tape transfer roll holding an adhesive transfer tape, a roll locking cylinder wherein the roll locking cylinder stops the adhesive tape transfer roll from rolling, stopping the transfer of the adhesive transfer tape, and where the locking cylinder further holds the adhesive transfer tape roll for a predetermined time after the completion of the tape transfer such that internal stresses are dissipated. The apparatus and method may further include a piston that raises the adhesive transfer tape at the same time as the roll locking cylinder stops the adhesive tape transfer roll stops rolling.

Abstract: The output circuit according to the invention comprises a ring-shaped cavity formed by a waveguide with a section in the shape of an H that is turned back on itself. The output circuit comprises holes for coupling with the output cavity, these holes being evenly arranged on its internal cylindrical wall, and the said output circuit has at least one hole for coupling with a using circuit, set on its external cylindrical wall.

Abstract: The invention relates to multiple beam lasertrons. The n (n: integer greater than 1) electron beams of the lasertron are obtained from the same laser beam from which n secondary laser beams are extracted, by occultation, which are deflected respectively towards the n photocathodes of the lasertron.

Abstract: The dimensions of the resonant cavities of the multiple-beam klystron are determined in such a way as to enable functioning in the TM.sub.0n mode (n=a whole number greater than 1) and drift tubes relative to the beams go through the klystron cavities at places where the electrical field, in the cavities, is at its maximum value. This embodiment results in high-powered klystrons capable at working at high frequencies.

Abstract: The invention discloses a resonant system for accelerating charged particles of the cyclotron type allowing this cyclotron to operate successively at two resonant frequencies f.sub.1 and f.sub.2 =mf.sub.1 (m=2 for example) without modification of the structure, this resonant system comprising a sealed enclosure connected to ground and in which is disposed at least one hollow electrode or "Dee" having the shape of a sector, the enclosure and the "Dee" being associated with a resonant element formed from a tubular external conductor closed at one of its ends by a metal plate and whose other end opens into the enclosure and, placed inside this external conductor, two internal conductors connected together, at one of their ends, by means of a connecting element determining with the external conductor a capacity C variable in value, for adjusting the operating frequencies f.sub.1 and f.sub.2 of the cyclotron and more particularly the ratio f.sub.1 /f.sub.2.

Abstract: A linear accelerator for generating a beam of charged particles accelerated within a wide energy range without modifying the microwave energy injected into the accelerator structure, this accelerator structure comprising a bunching section and an accelerating section respectively constituted by a plurality of resonant cavities, the cavities of the bunching section being electromagnetically coupled in such a manner that two adjacent cavities are phase-shifted of .pi. one with respect to the other, these bunching and accelerating sections being respectively supplied by a microwave generator delivering a microwave signal w divided, by means of a combined coupler and phase shifter, into two microwave signals w.sub.1, w.sub.2 respectively injected into the accelerating and bunching sections with predetermined amplitudes and phases.

Abstract: An extractive electrode allowing to reduce the vertical focusing and defocusing effect of the hyperfrequency electrical field used for accelerating the particles of a beam within an accelerator of cyclotron type. The extractive electrode comprises a metallic block having a substantially prismatic shape and provided in its entry face facing the particle source with at least a window which opens onto a deep notch delimited by two curved lateral walls forming a channel C for the passage of the beam. A median element located within this channel C allows to obtain two separated channels for the passage of the two beams corresponding to two harmonic operating frequencies.