Abstract: Disclosed is an electrode assembly, a battery, and a battery pack and a vehicle including the same. In the electrode assembly, a first electrode, a second electrode, and a separator interposed therebetween are wound based on a winding axis to define a core and an outer circumference. The first electrode includes a first active material portion coated with an active material layer and a first uncoated portion not coated with an active material layer along a winding direction. At least a part of the first uncoated portion is defined as an electrode tab by itself. The first uncoated portion includes a first portion adjacent to the core of the electrode assembly, a second portion adjacent to the outer circumference of the electrode assembly, and a third portion interposed between the first portion and the second portion. The first portion or the second portion has a smaller height than the third portion in the winding axis direction.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrode assembly, a battery, and a battery pack and a vehicle including the same. In the electrode assembly, a first electrode, a second electrode, and a separator interposed therebetween are wound based on an axis to define a core and an outer circumference. The first electrode includes an uncoated portion at a long side end thereof and exposed out of the separator along a winding axis direction of the electrode assembly. A part of the uncoated portion is bent in a radial direction of the electrode assembly to form a bending surface region that includes overlapping layers of the uncoated portion, and in a partial region of the bending surface region, the number of stacked layers of the uncoated portion is 10 or more in the winding axis direction of the electrode assembly.

Abstract: Disclosed is a new air intake system of an engine including a blow-by gas flow line configured to allow blow-by gas to flow into an intake manifold by recirculating the blow-by gas using a pressure difference according to load of the engine, an intake gas supply line configured to allow intake gas to flow therethrough, the intake gas supply line including a throttle valve configured to control an amount of the intake gas and a turbocharger configured to compress the intake gas, a new air supply line branched from the intake gas supply line and connected to the crankcase, the new air supply line allowing new air to selectively flow into the crankcase, and a new air bypass line configured to allow, when a part of the intake gas is selectively bypassed by the pressure difference, the part of the intake gas to flow into the crankcase.

Abstract: A method of diagnosing a PCJ solenoid valve includes determining whether a predetermined diagnostic condition is satisfied; performing diagnostic spraying by controlling the PCJ solenoid valve to cause the PCJ to spray oil for a predetermined diagnostic spraying time when the controller concludes that the predetermined diagnostic condition is satisfied; and diagnosing a failure of the PCJ solenoid valve by use of changes of oil pressure introduced to the PCJ or of PWM duty that controls an oil pump configured for pumping oil supplied to the PCJ after the diagnostic spraying from the PCJ.

Abstract: A piston cooling apparatus of an engine and a method for controlling the same are provided. The piston cooling apparatus includes a piston cooling jet that has a first nozzle configured to spray oil towards an inner wall of a cylinder configured such that a piston reciprocates thereon, and a second nozzle configured to spray the oil towards the lower part of the piston. A jet control valve is installed to adjust a hydraulic pressure that is supplied from an oil pump to the piston cooling jet. A controller is configured to operate the jet control valve and adjust the hydraulic pressure discharged from the oil pump.

Abstract: A bearing gap measuring device can measure a gap of a bearing to judge whether the bearing is damaged. The bearing gap measuring device includes: a pressure generating device configured to selectively supply a positive pressure and a negative pressure, which have a certain pressure, to an interior of a cylinder; and a displacement measuring device penetrating a cylinder head and applying a force to pull or push a piston by a sequential generation of a positive pressure and a negative pressure in the cylinder. In particular, the displacement measuring device includes a probe rod to contact with an upper face of the piston such that the probe rod is moved in a longitudinal direction to measure a height change amount of the piston.

Abstract: A bearing gap measuring device can measure a gap of a bearing to judge whether the bearing is damaged. The bearing gap measuring device includes: a pressure generating device configured to selectively supply a positive pressure and a negative pressure, which have a certain pressure, to an interior of a cylinder; and a displacement measuring device penetrating a cylinder head and applying a force to pull or push a piston by a sequential generation of a positive pressure and a negative pressure in the cylinder. In particular, the displacement measuring device includes a probe rod to contact with an upper face of the piston such that the probe rod is moved in a longitudinal direction to measure a height change amount of the piston.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an engine cooling system having a coolant temperature sensor, including a radiator disposed to release heat of coolant circulated in an engine; a coolant control valve unit controlling the coolant circulated in the radiator through opening rate of a valve having a coolant passage corresponding to the radiator; a second coolant temperature sensor sensing a coolant temperature at a coolant outlet side of the engine; a third coolant temperature sensor sensing the coolant temperature at the coolant outlet side of the radiator; and a control unit sensing second and third coolant temperatures through the second and third coolant temperature sensors, calculating a first coolant temperature at a coolant inlet side of the engine by calculating the second and third coolant temperatures, and calculating valve opening rate of the coolant control vale by using the first, second, and the third coolant temperature.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an engine cooling system having a coolant temperature sensor, including a radiator disposed to release heat of coolant circulated in an engine; a coolant control valve unit controlling the coolant circulated in the radiator through opening rate of a valve having a coolant passage corresponding to the radiator; a second coolant temperature sensor sensing a coolant temperature at a coolant outlet side of the engine; a third coolant temperature sensor sensing the coolant temperature at the coolant outlet side of the radiator; and a control unit sensing second and third coolant temperatures through the second and third coolant temperature sensors, calculating a first coolant temperature at a coolant inlet side of the engine by calculating the second and third coolant temperatures, and calculating valve opening rate of the coolant control vale by using the first, second, and the third coolant temperature.

Abstract: An exhaust connection unit for a catalytic converter for connecting a turbocharger and a warm-up catalytic converter provided in a downstream side of the turbocharger includes a flange of which one end is installed to the turbocharger, and a connection member integrally formed by using a single cylindrical pipe through bending, cutting, and hydro-forming molding, and where one end of the pipe is connected to the other end of the flange and the other end of the pipe is connected to the warm-up catalytic converter.

Abstract: An electro-hydraulic variable valve lift apparatus may include a housing, a master portion which is slidably disposed to the housing and contacts a cam, a first oil supply portion which supplies hydraulic pressure, a slave piston which is slidably disposed within the housing and defines an oil chamber with the master portion, a latching portion which is supplied the hydraulic pressure from the first oil supply portion and selectively connects the slave piston and the master portion, a second oil supply portion which selectively supplies hydraulic pressure to the oil chamber so as to control relative distances between the master portion and the slave piston when the slave piston is disengaged with the master portion, and a stepped portion formed to the housing between the master portion and the slave piston to elastically support the master portion.

Abstract: An electro-hydraulic variable valve lift apparatus may include a housing, a master portion which is slidably disposed to the housing and contacts a cam, a first oil supply portion which supplies hydraulic pressure, a slave piston which is slidably disposed within the housing and defines an oil chamber with the master portion, a latching portion which is supplied the hydraulic pressure from the first oil supply portion and selectively connects the slave piston and the master portion, a second oil supply portion which selectively supplies hydraulic pressure to the oil chamber so as to control relative distances between the master portion and the slave piston when the slave piston is disengaged with the master portion, and a stepped portion formed to the housing between the master portion and the slave piston to elastically support the master portion.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device and a method of fabricating the same are disclosed in the present invention. More specifically, the method includes the steps forming a gate line on the first substrate sequentially forming a first insulating layer, an amorphous silicon layer, and a metal layer on the first substrate, patterning the metal layer to form a data line, forming a second insulating layer on the data line, patterning the second insulating layer and the amorphous silicon layer to form a passivation layer and an active layer, respectively, forming a pixel electrode at a pixel region defined by the gate and data lines, assembling the first substrate and the second substrate having a black matrix thereon, wherein the black matrix vertically overlaps at least one boundary line defined by different exposures during step-and-repeat exposure processes; and forming a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates.

Abstract: A TFT array substrate has a PAI pattern, and the PAI pattern has an over-etched portion of the pure amorphous silicon layer. This over-etched portion prevents a short between the pixel electrode and the pure amorphous silicon layer (i.e., the active layer).

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a substrate, a thin film transistor disposed on the substrate, the thin film transistor including a gate electrode, a source electrode and a drain electrode, a gate line arranged in a first direction on the substrate, the gate line connected with the gate electrode of the thin film transistor, a gate insulation layer disposed on the substrate and covering the gate line and the gate electrode of the thin film transistor, an intrinsic semiconductor layer disposed on the gate insulation layer, an extrinsic semiconductor layer disposed on the intrinsic semiconductor layer, a data line arranged in a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction disposed on the extrinsic semiconductor layer, the data line connected to the source electrode of the thin film transistor, first and second dummy metal layers formed over the gate line and arranged on opposite sides of the data line, a passivation layer covering the data line, the source electrode, the drain el

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device and a method of fabricating the same are disclosed in the present invention. More specifically, the method includes the steps forming a gate line on the first substrate sequentially forming a first insulating layer, an amorphous silicon layer, and a metal layer on the first substrate, patterning the metal layer to form a data line, forming a second insulating layer on the data line, patterning the second insulating layer and the amorphous silicon layer to form a passivation layer and an active layer, respectively, forming a pixel electrode at a pixel region defined by the gate and data lines, assembling the first substrate and the second substrate having a black matrix thereon, wherein the black matrix vertically overlaps at least one boundary line defined by different exposures during step-and-repeat exposure processes; and forming a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device and a method of fabricating the same are disclosed in the present invention. More specifically, the method includes the steps forming a gate line on the first substrate sequentially forming a first insulating layer, an amorphous silicon layer, and a metal layer on the first substrate, patterning the metal layer to form a data line, forming a second insulating layer on the data line, patterning the second insulating layer and the amorphous silicon layer to form a passivation layer and an active layer, respectively, forming a pixel electrode at a pixel region defined by the gate and data lines, assembling the first substrate and the second substrate having a black matrix thereon, wherein the black matrix vertically overlaps at least one boundary line defined by different exposures during step-and-repeat exposure processes; and forming a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates.

Abstract: An array substrate for use in a liquid crystal display device is fabricated by the steps of forming a first metal layer on a substrate, patterning the first metal layer to form a gate line, a gate electrode, a gate pad, a first shorting bar, and a second shorting bar, forming a gate insulation layer, a pure amorphous silicon layer, a doped amorphous silicon layer and a second metal layer to cover the patterned first metal layer, patterning the second metal layer and the doped amorphous silicon layer to form first, second and third through-holes and first and second grooves to expose a portion of the pure amorphous silicon layer, the first and second grooves creating an isolated portions of the second metal layer, forming a passivation layer to cover the patterned second metal layer, forming a source electrode, a drain electrode, a data line, a data pad, an insulating segment, and first, second and third contact holes, and forming a pixel electrode, a first connector and a second connector of a transparent con

Abstract: A TFT array substrate has a PAI pattern, and the PAI pattern has an over-etched portion of the pure amorphous silicon layer. This over-etched portion prevents a short between the pixel electrode and the pure amorphous silicon layer (i.e., the active layer).

Abstract: An array substrate for use in a liquid crystal display device is fabricated by the steps of forming a first metal layer on a substrate, patterning the first metal layer to form a gate line, a gate electrode, a gate pad, a first shorting bar, and a second shorting bar, forming a gate insulation layer, a pure amorphous silicon layer, a doped amorphous silicon layer and a second metal layer to cover the patterned first metal layer, patterning the second metal layer and the doped amorphous silicon layer to form first, second and third through-holes and first and second grooves to expose a portion of the pure amorphous silicon layer, the first and second grooves creating an isolated portions of the second metal layer, forming a passivation layer to cover the patterned second metal layer, forming a source electrode, a drain electrode, a data line, a data pad, an insulating segment, and first, second and third contact holes, and forming a pixel electrode, a first connector and a second connector of a transparent con