Abstract: A lighting module for a LiDAR apparatus and a LiDAR apparatus for a vehicle are provided. The lighting module includes a VCSEL array provided with light-emitting sections to emit light in a direction parallel to a first axis, a light shifter disposed to face the VCSEL array, wherein the light shifter reduces a gap between the light emitted from adjacent ones of the light-emitting sections, and a collimator disposed to face the light shifter.

Abstract: Disclosed is an endo-microscopic probe based on a non-resonant scanning method using an optical fiber which includes a housing configured to have a specific size, an optical fiber placed within the housing and configured to transfer a light source, a tubular piezoelectric element configured to surround the optical fiber within the housing, include a guide unit for guiding a movement of the optical fiber at the end of the tubular piezoelectric element, and provide a deformation value according to a deformation amount to the optical fiber through the guide unit using an external power source, and a lens unit placed within the tubular piezoelectric element, fixed to an end of the housing, and configured to transfer light output from an end of the optical fiber to a sample.