Abstract: A direct write laser based machining process wherein a laser beam is controlled to machine a glass material in an interlaced raster scan pattern. An embodiment of machining a glass substrate to form an optical element is described. An ultrashort pulsed laser is used for machining and smoothing fused silica, followed by CO2 laser polishing. High speed and high quality machining is possible using this approach, which allows efficient use of high laser repetition rates.

Abstract: A detecting system for detecting flaws in a sample includes an illumination assembly and detecting assembly. The illumination assembly has an infra-red light source and illumination optics for directing a beam of light from the light source to a spot on or within a sample. The detection assembly has a detector for detecting light from an illuminated spot on or within a sample and detection optics for directing light from an illuminated spot on or within a sample to the detector. Such a system may be used for determining flaws in a sample such as a thermal barrier coating on a turbine blade, or a dental or other medical part. In particular the system may be used for determining flaws in a ceramic sample. A method for detecting flaws in a sample is further described.