Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an apparatus and a method for measuring miscibility in oil using back titration. The apparatus includes: a flocculation solution storage unit; a flow cell including a UV transmitting member; a dissolving agent storage unit; a UV irradiation unit; and a measurement unit, wherein: a flocculation solution is stored in the flocculation solution storage unit; the flocculation solution circulates between the flocculation solution storage unit and the flow cell; the measurement unit measures the UV transmittance of the flocculation solution while the dissolving agent in the dissolving agent storage unit is supplied to the flocculation solution storage unit; the miscibility in the oil is calculated from the amount of dissolving agent supplied and a change in the UV transmittance measured by the measurement unit; and the miscibility is calculated based on a time point when the slope of increase in the UV transmittance changes.

Abstract: Systems and methods for narrowband measurements and reporting in a cellular communications system are disclosed. Embodiments of a method performed by a wireless device are disclosed. In some embodiments, the method performed by the wireless device comprises determining a set of narrowbands on which to perform measurements, wherein the set of narrowbands on which to perform measurements is a subset of all narrowbands within a respective system bandwidth. The method further comprises performing measurements on the set of narrowbands during one or more time periods associated with a random access procedure, and reporting the measurements or information derived from the measurements to a base station within a message sent from the wireless device to the base station during the random access procedure. In some embodiments, the message sent from the wireless device to the base station during the random access procedure is a Msg3.

Abstract: A wireless device is configured for use in a wireless communication system. The wireless device is configured to transmit signaling indicating whether or not the wireless device is capable of receiving user data during a random access procedure. The signaling may for instance indicate whether or not the wireless device is capable of receiving user data over a user plane during a random access procedure, e.g., by indicating whether or not the wireless device supports early data for cellular internet of things, CIoT, Evolved Packet System, EPS, user plane (UP) optimization. Regardless, the wireless device may also receive user data during the random access procedure in accordance with said signaling.

Abstract: A method including a protocol stack including a plurality of layers, the plurality of layers comprising-including a first layer and a second layer. The first layer generating a first protocol data unit (PDU) associated with a first data flow. The second layer obtaining the first PDU and information about the first PDU. Further, the method includes the second layer either i) determining, based on the information about the first PDU, a sublayer configuration to be applied to at least one or more PDUs associated with the first data flow or ii) providing to another layer the information about the first PDU so that the another layer can determine, based on the information, the sublayer configuration to be applied to the one or more PDUs associated with the first data flow.

Abstract: According to some embodiments, a method performed by a wireless device comprises: obtaining, from a non-access stratum (NAS) communication layer, an initial NAS protocol data unit (PDU) for potential early data transmission; determining, by an access-stratum (AS) communication layer, whether the initial NAS PDU is intended to be delivered when an associated radio resource control (RRC) connection is resumed successfully; and upon determining that the initial NAS PDU is not intended to be delivered when the associated RRC connection is resumed successfully, transmitting an early data transmission including the initial NAS PDU.

Abstract: The proposed invention introduces a method for automatically selecting roles for Wi-Fi Access Points in a multi-AP network. It is designed for Wi-Fi Access Points that support LAN connections and adhere to the Wi-Fi EasyMesh standard published by the Wi-Fi Alliance. The method relies on the distinctive characteristics of each role to accurately determine the appropriate role for each Access Point. This innovation streamlines deployment, saving time, enhancing efficiency, and eliminating human errors.

Abstract: According to some embodiments, a method for early data transmission performed by a wireless device comprises: obtaining, from a non-access stratum (NAS) communication layer, an initial NAS protocol data unit (PDU) for early data transmission; determining, by a radio resource control (RRC) communication layer, to initiate early data transmission based at least in part on a size of the initial NAS PDU; and transmitting an early data transmission including the initial NAS PDU.

Abstract: A method for improving data transmission security at a user equipment comprises receiving, from a source network node, a connection release message including instructions for computing a hash value for data to be included in a connection request message; computing the hash value based on the instructions included in the connection release message; calculating a token based on the hash value, and sending, to a target network node, the connection request message including the token. The method may further forward the data from the target network node directly to a gateway after the token has been verified. The method may reduce a signaling overhead by having a fixed-size hash value for data. Furthermore, the method may improve a transmission security by including the token in an RRC message, in which the token is calculated based on the hash value representing the data.

Abstract: According to some embodiments, a method performed by a wireless device for mobile-terminated early data transmission includes receiving a paging message from a network node. The paging message comprises an indication that the network node will use early data transmission to transmit downlink data to the wireless device. In response to receiving the paging message, the method includes selecting an early data transmission preamble and transmitting a random access message 1 to the network node. The message 1 includes the selected early data transmission preamble.

Abstract: The invention provides the method that allows UE to simultaneously use 4G and 5G technology when handover from a eNodeB station to eNodeB ENDC base station that supports data transfer on 5G technology platform effectively and optimize deployment costs for current carriers. The method can be widely applied on software and hardware available.

Abstract: The present application generally relates to wireless communication technology. More particularly, the present application relates to a method and apparatus for providing service continuity for Multicast and Broadcast Service (MBS). The present application also relates to computer program product adapted for the same purpose. According to one embodiment of the present application, a method in a first RAN node for providing service continuity for Multicast and Broadcast Service (MBS) comprises: receiving (510) from a UE a request for retransmitting one or more missing Packet Data Units (PDUs) in MBS data associated with an MBS session previously transmitted from a second RAN node to the UE; and handling (520) retransmission of the missing PDUs based on the request.

Abstract: Embodiments herein relate to a method performed by a network node in a telecommunication network providing a multicast transmission to a group of devices residing in a cell of the telecommunication network. The network node monitors a congestion level for communication, and, if the congestion level reaches a first threshold, the network node orders for at least one device in a RRC connected mode to be released from the RRC connected mode to an RRC idle mode or an RRC inactive mode, thereby disabling a capability of the at least one device to provide one or more re-transmission requests while keeping an ability of the at least one device to further receive the multicast transmission.

Abstract: A base station transmits a resource grant indicating a plurality of options from which a wireless device is permitted to select for use in transmitting user data on an uplink during random access. Each respective option comprises a transport block size (TBS) and a number of repetitions. One of the TBSs is a maximum permitted TBS and the other TBSs are derived from the maximum permitted TBS using a predefined set of smaller TBS values. The number of repetitions of each option is determined as a function of the maximum permitted TBS and a corresponding number of repetitions. The wireless device receives the resource grant and transmits the user data on the uplink during random access to the base station according to at least one of the options. The base station receives the user data on the uplink during random access correspondingly.

Abstract: A UE operating in a wireless network receives a paging message from the wireless network and performs a random access procedure in response to the paging message, where performing the random access procedure includes sending an indication of whether the UE will transmit a reply to an early data transmission from the wireless network to the UE. The network receives, as part of a random access procedure performed by the UE in response to the paging message, an indication of whether the UE will transmit a reply to an early data transmission from the wireless network to the UE.

Abstract: A network node is configured for transmitting a mobile-terminated early data transmission during a random-access procedure. The network node transmits a page having a contention-free preamble corresponding to an identity associated with a wireless device to be paged. The identity may be a Serving Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity, S-TMSI, or a resume identity that identifies a suspended Radio Resource Control, RRC, connection. The network node then receives, as part of the random-access procedure, a Msg1 transmission that includes the contention-free preamble. The network node next transmits, as part of the random-access procedure, a Msg2 transmission to the wireless device associated with the identity corresponding to the contention-free preamble. The Msg2 transmission includes a signaling message and downlink data.

Abstract: According to certain embodiments, a method performed by a wireless device includes transmitting, to a base station, a first transmission of a message, which includes user data and information to setup or resume a connection between the wireless device and the base station. DCI comprising an uplink grant indicating a plurality of transport block sizes is received from the base station. The DCI is interpreted based on previous information received in a message from the base station. One of the transport block sizes is selected for retransmission of the message. The message is retransmitted using the selected transport block size and includes either only the information to setup or resume the connection or the information to setup or resume the connection and user data. The message is retransmitted using the selected transport block size.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method, a user equipment, UE, a network node, and a computer program product for transmission of multicast and broadcast services, MBS, to a user equipment, UE, in a wireless communication network. The method is performed by a target network node in the wireless communication network. The method includes determining that the UE is involved in a MBS session with a source network node. Upon determining that the UE is involved in the MBS session with the source network node, the method includes obtaining a MBS context of the UE related to the MBS session. Further, the method includes determining provisioning of a Point-To-Multipoint, PTM, configuration information associated with the MBS session to be acquired by the UE for enabling continuous reception of MBS data from the target network node. Corresponding network node, UE, and computer program products are also disclosed.

Abstract: According to some embodiments, a method for early data transmission (EDT) performed by a wireless device comprises: assembling a random access message 3 that includes uplink data for random access EDT; transmitting the random access message 3 to a network node; receiving a random access message 4 from the network node; determining whether the random access message 4 includes a successful integrity check indicating that the network node successfully received the uplink data in random access message 3; and upon determining the random access message 4 includes a successful integrity check, discarding transmission protocol information corresponding to the uplink data in random access message 3.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method, a user equipment, UE, a network node, and a computer program product for providing multicast and broadcast services, MBS, to one or more User Equipments, UEs, in a wireless communication network. The method is performed by a network node in the wireless communication network. The method comprises determining the one or more UEs in one of: a Radio Resource Control, RRC, IDLE state and a RRC INACTIVE state. The method comprises transmitting a paging message indicating a Point-To- Multipoint, PTM, configuration information to be acquired by the determined one or more UEs for enabling reception of MBS data in one of the RRC IDLE state and the RRC INACTIVE state. Further, the method comprises transmitting the MBS data to the determined one or more UEs using a PTM configuration indicated by the PTM configuration information. Corresponding base station, UE, and computer program products are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for improving data transmission security at a user equipment comprises receiving, from a source network node, a connection release message including instructions for computing a hash value for data to be included in a connection request message; computing the hash value based on the instructions included in the connection release message; calculating a token based on the hash value, and sending, to a target network node, the connection request message including the token. The method may further forward the data from the target network node directly to a gateway after the token has been verified. The method may reduce a signaling overhead by having a fixed-size hash value for data. Furthermore, the method may improve a transmission security by including the token in an RRC message, in which the token is calculated based on the hash value representing the data.