Abstract: A system, method and process (utility) is presented to control a gas injection setpoint of a production well utilizing gas lift. The utility may control a flow valve and/or source of injection gas (e.g., gas injection compressor) to increase or decrease a gas injection flow rate (e.g., setpoint) into the well during a gas injection interval. The utility monitors bottom hole pressure related values for multiple gas injection intervals with each have different gas injection setpoints (e.g., flow volumes). Bottom Hole Pressures (e.g., averages). The differences between the Bottom Hole Pressures are compared to calculate Bottom Hole Pressure Drawdown (BHPD) rates between intervals. A subsequent gas injection setpoint (e.g., direction and/or magnitude of change) is selected based on a comparison of a current BHPD and a previous BHPD.

Abstract: A chemical/additive injection controller, system and method (i.e., utilities) are provided that control when an injection pump turns on and off in order to inject a predetermined volume of additives into a hydrocarbon production conduit over a predetermined number of cycles per day. The controller determines when to activate and deactivate (i.e., turn on and turn off) an injection pump to provide a desired total additive injection volume over an injection period (e.g. 24 hours). More specifically, the utilities incorporate a flow meter that monitors the actual amount of additive that is injected during a pump cycle. Once an injected volume meets or exceeds a target injection volume the pump is deactivated. The flow meter continues to monitor the injection volume including amounts injected after power to the pump is deactivated to provide an accurate measure of the total injection. Subsequent injections are varied based on the actual measured volume of one or more previous injections.

Abstract: A chemical/additive injection controller, system and method (i.e., utilities) are provided that control when an injection pump turns on and off in order to inject a predetermined volume of additives into a hydrocarbon production conduit over a predetermined number of cycles per day. The controller determines when to activate and deactivate (i.e., turn on and turn off) an injection pump to provide a desired total additive injection volume over an injection period (e.g. 24 hours). More specifically, the utilities incorporate a flow meter that monitors the actual amount of additive that is injected during a pump cycle. Once an injected volume meets or exceeds a target injection volume the pump is deactivated. The flow meter continues to monitor the injection volume including amounts injected after power to the pump is deactivated to provide an accurate measure of the total injection. Subsequent injections are varied based on the actual measured volume of one or more previous injections.

Abstract: The application provides a method for reducing the loss of electromagnetic radiation caused by passing electromagnetic radiation through material with a rough surface. The method comprises applying a surface layer, such as a liquid or plastic film, to the material. The surface layer masks or decreases the surface irregularities or effects therefrom resulting in decreased loss of electromagnetic energy.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for detecting vapor-phase materials and/or photofragments thereof including energetic materials and decomposition products thereof, molecules or analytes at a stand-off distance. The methods provide for the stimulation of the ground state vapor phase to an excited state using a high fluence temporally and spatially focused ultraviolet laser pulse. The detection of back-scattered amplified spontaneous emission from the excited state vapor-phase material indicates the presence of the vapor phase materials.