Abstract: An open cell foam, and particularly aerogels or other foams, having an inorganic, hydraded phase change material (PCM) embedded within pores or cells or a network within the foam have fire retardant, fire resistant and thermal insulating properties. These composite materials are preferably monolithic in character, and are mechanically robust allowing for example the attachment of nails or screws. With the PCM distributed throughout the open cell foam, the composite material has a wide array of applications including providing thermal, fire resistant, and fire retardant uses in battery containers, in automotives and other vehicles, etc.

Abstract: One or more embodiments include a display apparatus including an opening, an apparatus for manufacturing the display apparatus, and a method of manufacturing the display apparatus capable of reducing generation of gas or foreign matter.

Abstract: One or more embodiments include a display apparatus including an opening, an apparatus for manufacturing the display apparatus, and a method of manufacturing the display apparatus capable of reducing generation of gas or foreign matter.

Abstract: One or more embodiments include a display apparatus including an opening, an apparatus for manufacturing the display apparatus, and a method of manufacturing the display apparatus capable of reducing generation of gas or foreign matter.

Abstract: One or more embodiments include a display apparatus including an opening, an apparatus for manufacturing the display apparatus, and a method of manufacturing the display apparatus capable of reducing generation of gas or foreign matter.

Abstract: A mask frame assembly includes a frame, a mask combined to the frame and including a pattern area for deposition on a substrate, and a long-side stick combined to the frame and dividing the pattern area of the mask into unit cell patterns. The long-side stick may include a clad structure in which a relatively ferromagnetic layer and a relatively weak magnetic layer are stacked.

Abstract: One or more embodiments include a display apparatus including an opening, an apparatus for manufacturing the display apparatus, and a method of manufacturing the display apparatus capable of reducing generation of gas or foreign matter.

Abstract: An apparatus for microdroplet generation via liquid bridge breakup, which can efficiently generate microdroplets using liquid bridge breakup without using a complicated mechanical device. The apparatus includes: two substrate plates having respective hydrophilic surfaces; a protrusion provided on a side surface of either of the two substrate plates so as to maintain a predetermined space between the two substrate plates; and a spacer provided on ends of the two substrate plates and spacing the two substrate plates from each other, thereby inducing liquid bridge breakup.

Abstract: A method of printing droplets using capillary electric charge concentration includes: providing a capillary nozzle comprising a back-end part and a front-end part disposed substantially opposite the back-end part; spacing a target member apart from the front-end part of the capillary nozzle at a predetermined distance; immersing the back-end part in a solution; and supplying a voltage to the solution. The back-end part transmits the solution to the front-end part.

Abstract: This invention provides a device and methods for increasing the concentration of a charged species in solution, wherein the solution containing the concentrated species is exposed to the environment. Such solution can be formed on a surface or on a tip of a measurement device. The open-environment concentration technique overcomes the disadvantages of in-channel concentration devices, especially by eliminating flow-induced delivery processes that lead to concentration losses. Combined with direct contact dispensing, methods of this invention can be used for various applications such as immunoassay and MALDI-MS.

Abstract: Provided are a droplet emitting apparatus and a method of emitting droplets using the same. The apparatus includes a solution tank for containing a solution; a nozzle including an opening through which at least a droplet of the solution is emitted; and a voltage generator including a piezoelectric material for generating a voltage by instantaneous pressure application, wherein the voltage generated by the pressure to the piezoelectric material is applied to the solution in order for the at least a droplet of the solution to be emitted through the nozzle.

Abstract: A droplet printing apparatus using capillary electric charge concentration includes a reservoir which contains a solution, a capillary nozzle comprising a back-end part and a front-end part disposed substantially opposite the back-end part, a target member spaced apart from the front-end part of the capillary nozzle at a predetermined distance, and a voltage supplier which supplies a voltage to the solution, wherein the back-end part is immersed in the solution and transmits the solution to the front-end part.

Abstract: This invention provides a device and methods for increasing the concentration of a charged species in solution, wherein the solution containing the concentrated species is exposed to the environment. Such solution can be formed on a surface or on a tip of a measurement device. The open-environment concentration technique overcomes the disadvantages of in-channel concentration devices, especially by eliminating flow-induced delivery processes that lead to concentration losses. Combined with direct contact dispensing, methods of this invention can be used for various applications such as immunoassay and MALDI-MS.

Abstract: A method of printing droplets using capillary electric charge concentration includes: providing a capillary nozzle comprising a back-end part and a front-end part disposed substantially opposite the back-end part; spacing a target member apart from the front-end part of the capillary nozzle at a predetermined distance; immersing the back-end part in a solution; and supplying a voltage to the solution. The back-end part transmits the solution to the front-end part.

Abstract: Provided are a droplet emitting apparatus and a method of emitting droplets using the same.

Abstract: A droplet printing apparatus using capillary electric charge concentration includes a reservoir which contains a solution, a capillary nozzle comprising a back-end part and a front-end part disposed substantially opposite the back-end part, a target member spaced apart from the front-end part of the capillary nozzle at a predetermined distance, and a voltage supplier which supplies a voltage to the solution, wherein the back-end part is immersed in the solution and transmits the solution to the front-end part.