Abstract: The present invention provides for methods for selectively removing CO2 from a multi-component gaseous stream to provide a CO2 depleted gaseous stream. In practicing the subject methods, an initial multi-component gaseous stream is contacted with an aqueous fluid under high-pressure CO2 hydrate-formation reaction conditions to produce a mixture of a CO2 hydrate slurry and a CO2 depleted gaseous stream. Aspects of the subject methods is that the mixture of the CO2 hydrate slurry and the CO2 depleted gaseous stream is transferred directly to a second step hydrate formation reactor in a one-stage, two-step process for further removal of CO2. Also provided are systems that find use in practicing the subject methods. The subject methods and systems find use in a variety of applications where it is desired to selectively remove CO2 from a multi-component gaseous stream.

Abstract: Methods are provided for the selective removal of CO2 from a multicomponent gaseous stream to provide a CO2 depleted gaseous stream. In practicing the subject methods, an initial multicomponent gaseous stream is contacted with an aqueous fluid under conditions of selective CO2 clathrate formation to produce a CO2 clathrate slurry and CO2 depleted gaseous stream. A feature of the subject methods is that the CO2 clathrate slurry is then compressed to high pressure to produce a high-pressure CO2 product. Also provided are systems that find use in practicing the subject methods. The subject methods and systems find use in a variety of applications where it is desired to selectively remove CO2 from a multicomponent gaseous stream.

Abstract: Methods are provided for the selective removal of CO2 from a multicomponent gaseous stream to provide a CO2 depleted gaseous stream. In practicing the subject methods, an initial multicomponent gaseous stream that includes a gaseous CO2 hydrate promoter is contacted with an aqueous fluid, e.g., CO2 nucleated water, in a hydrate formation reactor under conditions of selective CO2 clathrate formation to produce a CO2 clathrate slurry and CO2 depleted gaseous stream. Also provided are systems that find use in practicing the subject methods. The subject methods and systems find use in a variety of applications where it is desired to selectively remove CO2 from a multicomponent gaseous stream.

Abstract: Methods are provided for the selective removal of CO2 from a multicomponent gaseous stream to provide a CO2 depleted gaseous stream. In practicing the subject methods, an initial multicomponent gaseous stream that includes a gaseous CO2 hydrate promoter is contacted with an aqueous fluid, e.g., CO2 nucleated water, in a hydrate formation reactor under conditions of selective CO2 clathrate formation to produce a CO2 clathrate slurry and CO2 depleted gaseous stream. In certain embodiments, a feature of the subject invention is that additional gaseous CO2 hydrate promoter is introduced into the process stream at some point prior the output of the hydrate reactor. In certain embodiments, a feature of the subject invention is that the hydrate formation reactor is a tubular finned reactor. Also provided are systems that find use in practicing the subject methods. The subject methods and systems find use in a variety of applications where it is desired to selectively remove CO2 from a multicomponent gaseous stream.

Abstract: Methods are provided for the selective removal of CO2 from a multicomponent gaseous stream to provide a CO2 depleted gaseous stream having at least a reduction, e.g. 30 to 90%, in the concentration of CO2 relative to the untreated multicomponent gaseous stream. In practicing the subject methods, the multicomponent gaseous stream is contacted with an aqueous fluid, e.g. CO2 nucleated water, under conditions of selective CO2 clathrate formation to produce a CO2 clathrate slurry and CO2 depleted gaseous stream. A feature of the subject invention is that a CO2 hydrate promoter is employed, where the CO2 hydrate promoter is included in the multicomponent gaseous stream and/or the aqueous fluid. The CO2 hydrate promoter serves to reduce the minimum CO2 partial pressure required for hydrate formation as compared to a control. The subject methods find use in a variety of applications where it is desired to selectively remove CO2 from a multicomponent gaseous stream.

Abstract: Systems are provided for the selective removal of CO2 from a multicomponent gaseous stream to provide a CO2 depleted gaseous stream having at least a reduction in the concentration of CO2 relative to the untreated multicomponent gaseous stream. In the subject systems, the multicomponent gaseous stream is contacted with CO2 nucleated water under conditions of selective CO2 clathrate formation, where the CO2 nucleated water serves as liquid solvent to produce a CO2 clathrate slurry and CO2 depleted gaseous stream. In a preferred embodiment, the CO2 clathrate slurry is then decomposed to produce CO2 gas and nucleated water. The subject systems find use in a variety of applications where it is desired to selectively remove CO2 from a multicomponent gaseous stream, including chemical feedstock processing applications and air emissions control applications.

Abstract: Systems are provided for the selective removal of CO2 from a multicomponent gaseous stream to provide a CO2 depleted gaseous stream having at least a reduction in the concentration of CO2 relative to the untreated multicomponent gaseous stream. In the subject systems, the multicomponent gaseous stream is contacted with CO2 nucleated water under conditions of selective CO2 clathrate formation, where the CO2 nucleated water serves as a liquid absorbent or adsorbent to produce a CO2 clathrate slurry and CO2 depleted gaseous stream. In a preferred embodiment, the CO2 clathrate slurry is then decomposed to produce CO2 gas and nucleated water. The subject systems find use in a variety of applications where it is desired to selectively remove CO2 from a multicomponent gaseous stream, including chemical feedstock processing applications and air emissions control applications.

Abstract: Methods are provided for the selective removal of CO.sub.2 from a multicomponent gaseous stream to provide a CO.sub.2 depleted gaseous stream having at least a reduction in the concentration of CO.sub.2 relative to the untreated multicomponent gaseous stream. In the subject methods, the multicomponent gaseous stream is contacted with CO.sub.2 nucleated water under conditions of selective CO.sub.2 clathrate formation, where the CO.sub.2 nucleated water serves as a liquid absorbent or adsorbent to produce a CO.sub.2 clathrate slurry and CO.sub.2 depleted gaseous stream. In a preferred embodiment, the CO.sub.2 clathrate slurry is then decomposed to produce CO.sub.2 gas and nucleated water. The subject methods find use in a variety of applications where it is desired to selectively remove CO.sub.2 from a multicomponent gaseous stream, including chemical feedstock processing applications and air emissions control applications.

Abstract: Methods are provided for the selective removal of CO.sub.2 from a multicomponent gaseous stream to provide a CO.sub.2 depleted gaseous stream having at least a reduction in the concentration of CO.sub.2 relative to the untreated multicomponent gaseous stream. In the subject methods, the multicomponent gaseous stream is contacted with CO.sub.2 nucleated water under conditions of selective CO.sub.2 clathrate formation, where the CO.sub.2 nucleated water serves as liquid solvent to produce a CO.sub.2 clathrate slurry and CO.sub.2 depleted gaseous stream. In a preferred embodiment, the CO.sub.2 clathrate slurry is then decomposed to produce CO.sub.2 gas and nucleated water. The subject methods find use in a variety of applications where it is desired to selectively remove CO.sub.2 from a multicomponent gaseous stream, including chemical feedstock processing applications and air emissions control applications.

Abstract: Methods are provided for the selective removal of CO.sub.2 from a multicomponent gaseous stream to provide a CO.sub.2 depleted gaseous stream having at least a reduction in the concentration of CO.sub.2 relative to the untreated multicomponent gaseous stream. In the subject methods, the multicomponent gaseous stream is contacted with CO.sub.2 nucleated water under conditions of selective CO.sub.2 clathrate formation, where the CO.sub.2 nucleated water serves as liquid solvent. The subject methods find use in a variety of applications where it is desired to selectively remove CO.sub.2 from a multicomponent gaseous stream, including chemical feedstock processing applications and air emissions control applications.

Abstract: A method is provided for producing CO.sub.2 hydrates. In the subject method, CO.sub.2 is first dissolved in water to produce a CO.sub.2 hydrate precursor. The CO.sub.2 hydrate precursor is then mixed with CO.sub.2 gas, resulting in hydrate production. Between the first and second steps, the CO.sub.2 hydrate precursor may optionally be cooled to at least 0.degree. C. and/or CO.sub.2 hydrate nuclei may be introduced into the CO.sub.2 hydrate precursor. The method is carried out in a continuous hydrate production reactor. The subject method finds use in sequestering CO.sub.2 gas emissions in the form of hydrates, where the hydrates are deposited in high pressure, low temperature environments, such as in the ocean at depths greater than 1000 m or in subterranean fresh water aquifers.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system for sequestering carbon dioxide by combining sub-cooled carbon dioxide gas phase and liquid water (fresh or salt) in a reactor to form carbon dioxide clathrates in a continuous process at pressures from 3 to 20 atmospheres. The seawater feed for the clathrate reactor is pumped to the surface from a depth of approximately 1000 meters. A slip stream of the reactor feed water is used to pre-cool the carbon dioxide gases. The pre-cooled gaseous, or liquid carbon dioxide and the reactor surfaces are then sub-cooled by refrigeration to temperatures of -40.degree. C. to 0.degree. C., which is typically only 5.degree. to 45.degree. C. below ambient sea water temperatures at depths of 1000 meters. Forming clathrates in this manner is considerably less energy-intensive than CO.sub.2 compression and liquefaction at high pressures.

Abstract: Disclosed is an open ocean farm structure for attachment of macroalgal plants. The farm structure is made up of linear elements connected with nodes to form a three dimensional truss. The linear elements are composed of tubes containing solid rods which are screw connected to the nodes. The ends of the tubes abut the nodes so that screwing the rods into the nodes puts the tubes in compression. The truss structure thus formed is strong and flexible. Because the truss structure is made of tubes having minimal cross-sectional area, the structure is relatively transparent to the forces of wave motion.