Abstract: Herein disclosed is a robot apparatus for inserting or removing an endo-tool into or from a clinical subject. The robot apparatus includes a robot moving hand configured to move linearly towards or away from the clinical subject. The moving hand further includes a moving hand actuator being controlled by a surgical operator in a distance and a manipulator configured to maneuver the endo-tool to be inserted to or withdrawn from a clinical subject. The robot apparatus also includes a robot stationary hand being linearly stationary between the clinical subject and the moving hand. A sterile barrier is configured to separate a sterile side from a non-sterile side with the moving hand actuator, the stationary hand actuator being on the non-sterile side, and the manipulator and the clamp being on the sterile side.

Abstract: Techniques for performing therapy using an internal anatomy therapy delivery system are described herein. The internal anatomy therapy delivery system calculates a treatment location from sensor data received from an internal anatomy therapy delivery device, determines an appropriate therapy, and moves the internal anatomy therapy delivery device to a location on the anatomical surface corresponding to the therapy. Once at the location, the internal anatomy therapy delivery device determines treatment parameters based on local measurements, delivers the treatment, and makes additional measurements to determine whether the treatment was successful.

Abstract: An interactive and dynamic surgical simulation system may be used in the context of a computer-implemented interactive surgical system. The surgical simulation system may enable simulation-based directed surgical development. A processor may be configured to receive a plurality of training task-environment parameter sets from a surgical data system. The processor may generate, for each training task-environment parameter set, a plurality of candidate action sets. Each candidate action set, when executed within the simulated environment indicated by the corresponding training task-environment, set may cause performance, with a corresponding effectiveness, of the simulated surgical task. This information may be used to train a model to then determine the target action set. The target action set may represent a way of performing the simulated surgical task, optimized according to defined effectiveness.

Abstract: An interactive and dynamic surgical simulation system may be used in the context of a computer-implemented interactive surgical system. The surgical simulation system may enable enhanced navigation, such as to provide simulation support during a live surgical procedure. A processor may be configured to identify a procedure plan for a live surgical procedure and identify a stored simulation of a surgical procedure that corresponds to the procedure plan. The processor may determine, from information received during the live surgical procedure, a present portion of the live surgical procedure. And the processor may retrieve, from the stored simulation, a portion of the stored simulation that corresponds to the present portion of the live surgical procedure. The portion of the simulation that corresponds to the present portion of the live surgical procedure may then be presented for user interaction.

Abstract: An interactive and dynamic surgical simulation system may be used in the context of a computer-implemented interactive surgical system. An operating-room-based surgical data system may aggregate surgical activity data that is indicative of a performance of a live surgical procedure. The surgical simulation device may receive the surgical activity data from the operating-room-based surgical data system. And the surgical simulation device may simulate a surgical task based on surgical activity data. The surgical activity data may be structured by a procedure plan data structure. The procedure plan data structure may be common to the operating-room-based surgical data system and the surgical simulation device. The procedure plan data structure may be configured to covey information indicative of equipment, technique, and surgical steps in a structured format such that the equipment, technique, and surgical steps of the live surgical procedure are reflected in the simulated surgical procedure.

Abstract: A computing device for generating a surgical procedure plan via surgical simulation may include a processor. The processor may be configured to obtain an indication of a surgical task. The surgical task may be associated with a surgical step of the surgical procedure plan. The processor may be configured to obtain a surgical choice and a corresponding predicted surgical outcome. The surgical choice and the corresponding predicted surgical outcome may be associated with the surgical task. The processor may be configured to generate a visualization of the surgical choice and the corresponding predicted surgical outcome in a simulated environment. The processor may be configured to obtain an indication of the surgical choice being selected. The processor may be configured to store the surgical choice in the surgical procedure plan.

Abstract: Herein disclosed is an endoscope that includes a handle and an elongated probe having a distal end and a proximal end. The handle abuts the proximal end of the probe and includes an articulation lever. The probe also includes a vertebrae column immediately abutting the distal end, on which at least one sensor is amounted. The vertebrae column is configured to have at least two parallel groups of gaping slits, along an axial direction of the vertebrae column. Each two of the axially adjacent gaping slits come from the two groups of gaping slits respectively and are juxtaposed in circumferential positions in the respective circumferential planes. The articulation lever and the distal end are connected by pulling wires, and when the articulation lever is maneuvered, the distal end is pulled away from the axial direction, causing the vertebrae column to deflect.

Abstract: Techniques for performing therapy using an internal anatomy therapy delivery system are described herein. The internal anatomy therapy delivery system calculates a treatment location from sensor data received from an internal anatomy therapy delivery device, determines an appropriate therapy, and moves the internal anatomy therapy delivery device to a location on the anatomical surface corresponding to the therapy. Once at the location, the internal anatomy therapy delivery device determines treatment parameters based on local measurements, delivers the treatment, and makes additional measurements to determine whether the treatment was successful.