Abstract: A vented cup ballistic separation device and method of use for achieving rapid separation of a suspension of fluidized solid particulate and gasiform material. The vented cup ballistic separation apparatus is useful in a wide variety of vapor-solid contacting devices where rapid separation of solids from vapor is desired e.g. in fluidized catalytic cracking systems. The vented cup ballistic separation apparatus particularly comprises annular chamber about the outer periphery of an open ended riser conduit. The annular chamber is open in the upper end and one or more open end conduits extend outwardly from the annular chamber to provide means for discharging vapors and also for attachment of cyclone separation means if desired. The riser with vented cup or annular chamber preferably terminates within a larger diameter chamber.

Abstract: An improved continuous cyclic process for removing oxides of sulfur from a waste gas with a regenerable particulate adsorbent in which hot adsorbent particles pick up SOx in a first fluid transport riser, followed by separation of clean gas from sulfur-contained particles which are then recycled to a desorber in which they are contacted at elevated temperature with a mixture of reducing gas and water vapor for release of sulfur as hydrogen sulfide. The adsorbent particles are then recycled in the process. Means are provided for removing particulates in the waste gas.

Abstract: An improved hydrocarbon conversion process is disclosed of the type employing circulating solids between a reactor (contactor) and regenerator (combustor). The entire process is in the dilute phase and is characterized by all the catalyst passing through the cyclones and never returning to a dense bed in either the reactor or regenerator.

Abstract: An improved heat balanced hydrocarbon conversion process is disclosed of the type employing circulating solids between a riser reactor (contactor) and regenerator (combustor). The ratio of circulating solid to hydrocarbon feed (C/O or cat-oil ratio) is increased by: directly cooling a portion of hot freshly regenerated contact material; passing a portion of hot regenerated material into the steam stripper; cooling hot regenerated contact material and charging it to the riser downstream of charging uncooled hot regenerated material which charging hydrocarbon feed to the base of the riser along with lift gas or steam; or lifting hot regenerated contact material by a carbonizable lift gas into the riser before contacting it with hydrocarbon feed which is injected higher in the riser.

Abstract: An improved heat balanced hydrocarbon conversion process is disclosed of the type employing circulating solids between a riser reactor (contactor) and regenerator (combustor). The ratio of circulating solid to hydrocarbon feed (C/O or cat-oil ratio) is increased by: directly cooling a portion of hot freshly regenerated contact material; passing a portion of hot regenerated material into the steam stripper; cooling hot regenerated contact material and charging it to the riser downstream of charging uncooled hot regenerated material which charging hydrocarbon feed to the bese of the riser along with lift gas or steam; or lifting hot regenerated contact material by a carbonizable lift gas into the riser before contacting it with hydrocarbon feed which is injected higher in the riser.

Abstract: A combination operation for upgrading reduced crudes is described which particularly restricts the contact time between hydrocarbons, solid sorbent material and cracking catalyst particles whereby quenching of visbroken product vapors is eliminated, coke formation is substantially restricted and catalytic cracking of hot product vapors of visbreaking contributes to the catalytic cracking thereof in a time-temperature restricted atmosphere providing substantial yields of gasoline and gasoline precursors.

Abstract: A particular aspect of the invention concepts disclosed and described is directed to the use of a vented cup ballistic separation device and method of use for achieving rapid separation of a suspension of fluidized solid particulate and gasiform material. The vented cup ballistic separation apparatus is particularly discussed in conjunction with separating a suspension of catalyst particles from vaporous hydrocarbon reaction products of catalytic cracking discharged from a riser cracking operation. The vented cup ballistic separation apparatus particularly comprises an annular chamber about the upper periphery of an open ended riser conduit. The annular chamber is open in the upper end and one or more open end conduits extend outwardly from the annular chamber comprising means for attachment to cyclone separation means. The riser with vented cup or annular chamber terminates within a larger diameter chamber.

Abstract: A particular aspect of the invention concepts disclosed and described is directed to the use of a vented cup ballistic separation device and method of use for achieving rapid separation of a suspension of fluidized solid particulate and gasiform material. The vented cup ballistic separation apparatus is particularly discussed in conjunction with separating a suspension of catalyst particles from vaporous hydrocarbon reaction products of catalytic cracking discharged from a riser cracking operation. The vented cup ballistic separation apparatus particularly comprises an annular chamber about the upper periphery of an open ended riser conduit. The annular chamber is open in the upper end and one or more open end conduits extend outwardly from the annular chamber comprising means for attachment to cyclone separation means. The riser with vented cup or annular chamber terminates within a larger diameter chamber.

Abstract: A process for cracking a carbo-metallic oil feed having an initial boiling point of about 450.degree. F. or below comprising a naturally-occurring crude or a portion of such crude, including a portion boiling above 1000.degree. F. The 650.degree. F. portion is characterized by a carbon residue on pyrolysis of at least about 1 and containing at least about 4 ppm of Nickel Equivalents. The process comprises bringing the feed under cracking conditions in a progressive flow-type reactor into contact with a cracking catalyst bearing more than about 1500 parts per million of Nickel Equivalents of heavy metal(s). At least about 70% by weight of catalyst is abruptly separated from at least about 80% of the cracked products at the end of the reactor chamber.