Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) receives a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) order for a random access channel (RACH) preamble transmission to a candidate cell. The PDCCH order includes a retransmission attempt index. The WTRU transmits a physical RACH (PRACH) retransmission using a transmit power that is based on the retransmission attempt index. When the retransmission attempt index indicates that the PRACH retransmission is a next PRACH transmission after a previous PRACH transmission attempt, the transmit power is increased by an offset of the transmit power for the previous PRACH transmission. When the retransmission attempt index indicates that the PRACH retransmission is not a next PRACH transmission after a previous PRACH transmission attempt, the transmit power is increased based on a last successfully received PDCCH order.

Abstract: The WTRU may monitor for a downlink transmission in a first monitoring occasion of a first search space. The first monitoring occasion of the first search space may be associated with a first monitoring occasion pattern. The WTRU may monitor for the downlink transmission in a second monitoring occasion of a second search space. The second monitoring occasion of the second search space may be associated with a second monitoring occasion pattern. The first search space and the second search space may belong to a search space subset. The WTRU may receive the downlink transmission in the second monitoring occasion of the second search space. The downlink transmission may include a skipping indication. Based on the WTRU receiving the skipping indication in the downlink transmission in the second monitoring occasion of the second search space, the WTRU may apply skipping to the second search space and the first search space.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are described for dynamically determining codewords that are enabled for transmitting a transport block. A WTRU receives DCI associated with an UL grant for an UL transmission. The DCI may comprise one or more indicators associated with a first codeword and a second codeword. The one or more indicators may comprise at least one of a TPMI or an antenna-group indicator. The WTRU may determine, if the one or more indicators associated with the first codeword and the second codeword comprises a TPMI associated with the second codeword, that the first codeword is enabled for transmission and the second codeword is disabled for transmission. The WTRU transmits a transport block associated with the enabled one or more of the first codeword and the second codeword. If the first codeword is enabled, the WTRU transmits the transport block associated with the first codeword.

Abstract: Methods for mobility-triggered location verification are provided herein. A method may include receiving assistance information comprising at least satellite ephemeris information, and detecting movement from a reference point, wherein the movement exceeds a distance threshold. The method may include determining a location verification occasion based on the received satellite ephemeris information. The method may include, on a condition the determined location verification occasion is within a time threshold, transmitting location verification information to a network at the determined location verification occasion. The assistance information may include an indication of the distance threshold. The assistance information may include an indication of the time threshold. The method may further include detecting a mobility event.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive information indicating a set of L1/L2 mobility (LTM) candidate cells, information indicating a threshold number of cells, information indicating a threshold cell quality value, and information indicating cells served by a same distributed unit (DU) as a current cell. The WTRU may determine that a radio link failure (RLF) or handover failure occurs on the current cell. If a number of LTM candidate cells measured above the threshold cell quality value is above the threshold number of cells and at least one of the LTM candidate cells which is above the threshold cell quality value is served by the same DU as the current cell, the WTRU may select one of the LTM candidate cells above that threshold cell quality value that is served by the same DU. The WTRU may perform LTM recovery to the selected LTM candidate cell.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may be configured to receive configuration information from a network that indicates a first set of layer 1/layer 2 triggered mobility (LTM) measurement parameters and a second set of LTM measurement parameters to be applied when performing measurements associated with a beam. The WTRU may be configured to receive an indication of a condition associated with a height of the WTRU, a speed of the WTRU, and/or a location of the WTRU. The WTRU may be configured to measure the beam using the first set of LTM measurement parameters when the condition is not met or using the second set of LTM measurement parameters when the condition is met. The WTRU may be configured to send the beam measurements to the network based on the condition.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for mobility execution in uncrewed aerial vehicles using condition triggered early synchronization. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive configuration information including one or more trigger conditions for performing early synchronization with a candidate target cell. The WTRU may determine that the one or more trigger conditions for performing early synchronization with the candidate target cell are satisfied. The WTRU may, based on the determination that the one or more trigger conditions for performing early synchronization with the candidate target cell are satisfied, perform early synchronization with the candidate target cell. The WTRU may transmit a synchronization report.

Abstract: Systems, methods, devices, and instrumentalities are described herein relate to network indicated fallback waypoints or flight paths. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may transmit a first message indicating flight path information is available. The WTRU may receive a second message including flight path reporting configuration information. The flight path reporting configuration may request the flight path information. The WTRU may transmit an initial flight path message within a third message. The WTRU may detect that a previously reported flight path is invalid and notify a network. The WTRU may monitor the network for an indication of an updated fallback waypoint or flight path to apply.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and systems are disclosed. In one example, a method performed by a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) includes receiving an indication of a relation between a key performance indicator and a configuration parameter; receiving an indication of a range of values that can be assigned to the parameter and an initial value for the parameter; receiving configuration information that indicates a first condition associated with the key performance indicator; in response to a determination that the first condition has been satisfied, determining an updated value for the configured parameter, wherein the updated value is within the range of the values, to achieve a second condition associated with the key performance indicator using a model; and in response to a determination that the updated value is to be assigned to the configuration parameter, performing one or more actions.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive, from a network, configuration information that is associated with a plurality of configuration parameters and may indicate one or more of an applicability range for each of the plurality of configuration parameters or a set of default and non-default values for each of the plurality of configuration parameters. The WTRU may determine that one or more conditions associated with a first configuration parameter of the plurality of configuration parameters has been met. The WTRU may change a configured value of the first configuration parameter from a first configured value to a second configured value, based on the one or more conditions being met. The WTRU may send a report to the network that indicates the second configured value of the first configuration parameter.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive configuration information. The configuration information may include one or more first conditions, for example associated with collected data. The WTRU may determine to perform handover (HO), for example from a first cell to a second cell. The WTRU may determine whether the one or more first conditions associated with the collected data are satisfied, for example in response to the determination to perform HO from the first cell to the second cell. The WTRU may perform HO to the second cell. In response to the performance of HO to the second cell and/or based on the determination of whether the one or more first conditions associated with collected data are satisfied for example, The WTRU perform one or more of maintaining the collected data, discarding the collected data, and/or maintaining the collected data for a predetermined time.

Abstract: A method may be implemented by a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU), including sending a first message to the network indicating that the WTRU can determine a value of a Non-Access Stratum (NAS) layer parameter. Configuration information may be received from a network, indicating whether the WTRU is permitted to determine the value of the NAS layer parameter and whether the WTRU is to report the value to the network prior to utilizing the value. The value may be determined based on the at least one condition associated with the WTRU. The value of the NAS layer parameter may be a timer value. The value of the NAS layer parameter may be applied to a NAS procedure performed by the WTRU. A second message may be sent to the network, comprising an indication of the value of the NAS layer parameter or an indication that the WTRU has applied the value.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit, WTRU, receives a plurality of positioning reference signals from a plurality of terrestrial transmission points, the positioning reference signals including at least one positioning reference signal from a first terrestrial transmission point and at least one positioning signal from a second terrestrial transmission point, on condition that at least one value based on first measurements of the plurality of positioning reference signals satisfies a condition, transmits a request to initiate, at the WTRU, positioning using positioning reference signals received from satellites, received, in response to the request, information about a set of satellites, selects at least one satellite from the set of satellites, determines a second position estimate for the WTRU based on at least one positioning reference signal received from at least one selected satellite, and sends to a network node a message comprising information indicating the second position estimate for the WTRU.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may be configured for L1/L2-triggered mobility (LTM). A WTRU may receive configuration information from a cell while the WTRU is in a connected mode. The configuration information may indicate a plurality of LTM candidate cells. The WTRU may receive a measurement configuration while the WTRU is in an inactive mode. The WTRU may perform measurements on one or more of the plurality of LTM candidate cells while the WTRU is in the inactive mode in accordance with the measurement configuration. The WTRU may send a report comprising these measurements during a random access procedure. The WTRU may receive candidate configuration information for at least one LTM candidate cell of the plurality of LTM candidate cells during the random access procedure. The WTRU may execute an LTM procedure for the at least one LTM candidate cell upon transition to the connected mode.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive configuration information from a first cell. The configuration information may indicate a plurality of LTM candidate cells. The WTRU may receive an indication from the first cell to enable measurements for the list of LTM candidate cells. The WTRU may receive system information from a second cell and determine a subset of cells of the plurality of LTM candidate cells based on the system information. The WTRU may perform measurements on the subset of cells while in an active mode or an inactive mode. The WTRU may send an indication of the measurements of the subset of cells to the second cell in response to entering a connected mode with the second cell. In some cases, the WTRU report the measurements performed on the subset of cells to a network.

Abstract: A method may be implemented by a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU), including receiving a data collection configuration. The data collection configuration may include an indication of measurement resources and an identifier associated with a WTRU-side or network-side artificial intelligence/machine learning (AIML) data collection. Data collection may be performed based on the data collection configuration. It may be determined that the WTRU cannot continue to collect data in accordance with the data collection configuration. An indication that the WTRU cannot continue to collect data in accordance with the data collection configuration may be sent to a network. An indication for a measurement gap configuration may be received from the network. Data collection may resume based on the data collection configuration and in accordance with the measurement gap configuration.

Abstract: A WTRU may be configured to efficiently utilize redundant resources in a first resource set by transmitting, in a second resource set, a larger number of reference symbols. The WTRU also may report CSIs with a lower code-rate. Based on association rules that provide an indication for utilizing redundant resources, the WTRU may efficiently utilize redundant resources by replacing zero padded bits in the first resource set with transmission parameters in the second resource set. Based on the association rules, the WTRU may dynamically determine a DMRS configuration, a code-rate, a modulation and coding scheme (MCS), and/or CSI quantization parameters.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive configuration information to determine beam prediction accuracy. The configuration information may include an indication associated with at least one transmission configuration indication (TCI) state, a first channel state information (CSI) report configuration associated with a first set of reference signal (RS) resources to predict measurements, and/or a second CSI report configuration associated with monitoring a second set of RS resources. The WTRU may activate the second set of RS resources to monitor based at least on the indication of the at least one TCI state. The WTRU may start a performance evaluation counter to determine the beam prediction accuracy. The WTRU may predict the measurement(s) in accordance with the first CSI report configuration. The WTRU may determine the beam prediction accuracy based on the configuration information, the performance evaluation counter, and/or the first and/or the second set of RS resources.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may be configured to perform early channel state information (CSI) measurement and/or reporting. Early CSI measurement and/or reporting may differ from traditional CSI measurement and/or reporting in that early CSI measurement/reporting may be performed in association with a two or four step random access channel (RACH) procedure. For example, the WTRU may receive a synchronization signal block (SSB). The WTRU may send a first RACH message based on the SSB. The WTRU may receive a random access response (RAR). The RAR may indicate a resource for early CSI measurement. The WTRU may perform measurement of the early CSI resource and send a report. The report may be sent as part of the random access procedure, for example, in a RACH msg3.

Abstract: A method may be implemented by a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU), including receiving information indicating first applicability conditions and a first configuration for a first artificial intelligence or machine learning (AIML) model category and second applicability conditions and a second configuration for a second AIML model category. It may be determined whether the first AIML model category is applicable to a cell based on the first applicability conditions and first configuration, and whether the second AIML model category is applicable based on the second applicability conditions and second configuration. A report may be sent indicating applicability of the first AIML model category and second AIML category to the cell. It may be determined that the first AIML model category is no longer applicable based on the first configuration. An indication that indicates that the first AIML model category is no longer applicable to the cell may be sent.